1. Chain the Catechism: A topical study through the Lutheran confessions Apostle’s Creed: 2ndArticle-Christ’s Threefold Office: Prophet, Priest, King Memorization Verses: Jn 6:68 “Lord to whom…” Mk 16:15 “Go into all…” Gal 4:4-5 When the time… Heb 7:26-27 Such a high priest… 1 Jn 2:1 We have one… Mt 28:18 All authority… Jn 18:36-37 “My kingdom…” 2 Tim 4:18 The Lord will rescue…

2. What are the functions and images do you associate with Christ’s 3Fold Office?

3. Dear Jesus,Because you are our prophet…Because you are our priest…Because you are our king…

4. LSB 528 lutheran-hymnal.com/online/tlh-360.mid D-|GGA-A-|BAG-A-|BBC-C-|A-- 1. Oh, for a thousand tongues to sing My great Redeemer’s praise, The glories of my God and King, The triumphs of his grace! 2. My gracious Master and my God, Assist me to proclaim, To spread through all the earth abroad The honors of your name. 3. Jesus! The name that charms our fears, That bids our sorrows cease, Sings music in the sinner’s ears, Brings life and health and peace. 4. He breaks the power of canceled sin; He sets the prisoner free. His blood can make the foulest clean; His blood avails for me. 5. Look to the Lord, who did atone For sin, O fallen race. Look and be saved through faith alone, Be justified by grace. 6. See all our sins on Jesus laid; The Lamb has made us whole. His soul was once an offering made For every human soul. 7. To God all glory, praise, and love Be now and ever given By saints below and saints above The Church in earth and heaven.

5. “We believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us, and what was revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and what was given to Moses and Jesus and the prophets from their Lord; we do not make any distinction between any of them and to Him do we submit.” Qua’ran, Surrah 3.84 2nd Art. Threefold Office: Discussion

6. The Munus Triplex (Threefold Office) is a development of Christology occurring late in the Reformation Eusebius (263-339 CE): “the only high priest of all, and the only king of every creature, and the Father’s only supreme prophet of prophets.” (Ecclesiastical History, 1.3.8) Luther (1483-1546): “Christ will remain a priest and king though He was never consecrated by any papist bishop or greased by any of those shavelings but he was ordained and consecrated by God Himself, and by Him anointed.” (Table Talk, 189) Calvin (1509-1564) “Among heretics and false Christians, Christ is found in name only; but by those who are truly and effectually called of God, he is acknowledged as a prophet, king and priest” (Institutes, 2.15) 2nd Art. Threefold Office: History

7. Early Christology articulated a two-fold office (Priest and King), assuming the title of Prophet under Kingship Reasoning included need for simplicity (Melancthon), the definition of “Anointed” (xristos), and general importance (Priest before all). In Lutheran dogmatics, the threefold offices are developed under Selnecker and Gehard The Melancthon view towards reductionism lost favor Representing a historical objective approach to doctrine 2nd Art. Threefold Office: History

8. It is a scriptural Christology See OT and NT Exegesis (Sl. 9-12) It is a complete Christology If Christ were not prophet, no written/proclaimed message If Christ were not priest, no mediation and fulfillment If Christ were not King, no dominion or community It is an active Christology Christ intercedes for you before the foundations of the world Christ declares and teaches to you by the logos and Scripture Christ is victorious for you and connects you with other believers throughout time. 2nd Art. Threefold Office: Why 3?

9. High Priest and Mediator Temple worship, Holiness Distinction between God’s annointed and the king Connection of blood to atonement Kingship Typology Yahweh is the true King, shows reluctant fulfillment. Uses human king as a reflection of the True King Davidic Covenant Breakdown and failure of man in nation/state covenant. Prophets in the line of Moses Promise towards greater prophets called by God to proclaim His word. Important vocation during the exilic period. Developed strong messianic confessions, pointing towards a greater prophet of God that will fulfill future typologies. 2nd Art. Threefold Office: OT Context

10. The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your fellow Israelites. You must listen to him. (Deut. 18:15) I will raise up for myself a faithful priest, who will do according to what is in my heart and mind. I will firmly establish his priestly house, and they will minister before my anointed one always. (1 Sam. 2:35) Your house and your kingdom will endure forever before me; your throne will be established forever.” (2 Sam. 7:13) )bn(naba’): deliverer of someone’s will. Proclaimer of God am) (‘aman): To be faithful; also enduring. Ahk(kohen): Priest to serve as a representative )ssk(Kicce‘): Throne, place of symbolic authority Hkwlm (Maluwakah): King and Kingdom, community under ruler. Tyb (Bayith): House and household. Foundation 2nd Art. Threefold Office: Exegesis

11. Christ declares repentance, criticizes magisterial authority White washed tombs of the Pharisee tradition Connection with John the Baptist Referred to as Rabbi, spoke on the Law and discussed the Kingdom of God, including God’s will for man. Christ declares salvation through Himself Way truth and Life Forgives and heals Christ declares His Kingdom not of this Earth Kingdom not of this world Hebrews connects Christ to Mechelsidek Special biblical character that represents the threefold office Aaronic covenant only temporary foreshadow to Christ 2nd Art. Threefold Office: NT Context

12. Say to Daughter Zion, ‘See, your king comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.” Matt. 21:5 The crowds answered, “This is Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.” Matt. 21:11 For this reason he had to be made like them, fully human in every way, in order that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, and that he might make atonement for the sins of the people. Heb. 2:17 basileu/v (Basilus) leader of the people, prince and commander profh/thv (propheten) Revealer of hidden things, oracle. arxiereu/v (Archeireus) great and chief priest 2nd Art. Threefold Office: Exegesis

13. 2nd Article of the Apostle’s Creed:Christ’s Threefold Office: Prophet, Priest, King For what threefold office was Christ anointed? SS: Prophet, Priest, King M: Prophet: JC preached personally T : Prophet: we preach the Gospel W: Priest Th: King

14. SS: Jesus Christ—True God Prophet:Christ was appointed to be our Prophet, Priest, and King. • • •

15. M Prophet ProphetAs Prophet, Christ 1. preached personallyduring His life on earth, validating His word with miracles, especially his own resurrection; Jesus is His personal Name. Deut 18:15 The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your own brothers. You must listen to Him. Mt 17:5 "This is My Son, whom I love; with Him I am well pleased. Listen to Him!"; Mk 1:38 Let us go somewhere else-to the nearby villages-so I can preach there also. That is why I have come. Jn 1:17-18 The law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ. No one has ever seen God, but God the One and Only, who is at the Father's side, has made Him known. Jn 6:68 Simon Peter answered Him, "Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life." • Pray: Lord Jesus, help me, a poor sinner, to listen to no one, no matter who he is or where he comes from, in everything applying to my salvation, but to You only. You are the one Prophet come from heaven. Your Word is the infallible Truth. To this Word let me cling, O Jesus. Let me trust in it, let me depend on it in life and death. Amen. (C.M. Zorn, 1846-1928)

16. T Prophet cont. 2. through the preached Gospel today still proclaims Himself to be the Son of God and Redeemer of the world. Mk 16:15 He said to them, "Go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation." Lu 10:16 He who listens to you listens to Me; he who rejects you rejects Me; but he who rejects Me rejects Him who sent Me. 2 Cor 5:20 We are therefore Christ's ambassadors, as though God were making His appeal through us. We implore you on Christ's behalf. Be reconciled to God. • Pray: O Lamb of God, Who takes away the sin of the world, look upon us and have mercy on us; You are Yourself both Victim and Priest, Yourself both Reward and Redeemer, keep safe from all evils those whom You have redeemed, O Savior of the world. Amen. (Irenaeus of Lyons, d.c. 200)

17. W As Priest, Christ 1. fulfilled the Law perfectly for our stead (active obedience) Gal 4:4-5 When the time had fully come, God sent His Son, born of a woman, born under law, to redeem those under law, that we might receive the full rights of sons. 2. sacrificed Himself for our sins (passive obedience) 1 Cor 15:3 Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures. Heb 7:26-27 Such a high priest meets our need—one who is holy, blameless, pure, set apart from sinners, exalted above the heavens. Unlike the other high priests, He does not need to offer sacrifices day after day, first for His own sins, and then for the sins of the people. He sacrificed for their sins once for all when He offered Himself. 1 Jn 2:2 He is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world. 3. still pleads for us with His heavenly Father (intercession) 1 Jn 2:1 We have one who speaks to the Father in our defense-Jesus Christ, the Righteous One. • Pray: “Glory be to God in the highest, and upon earth peace, good-will among men.” We praise You, we sing hymns to You, we bless You, we glorify You, we worship You by Your great High Priest. You are the true God, the One Unbegotten, the only inaccessible Being. For Your great glory, O Lord and heavenly King, O God the Father Almighty, O Lord God, the Father of Christ, the immaculate Lamb, who takes away the sin of the world, receive our prayer. You sit upon the cherubim, for You only are holy, You alone are the Lord Jesus, the Christ of God of all created nature, and our King, by whom glory, honor, and worship be to You. Amen. (Apostolic Constitutions, c. 350-80) Lord Jesus, You are the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and also for the sins of the whole world. You have taken upon Yourself the punishment we deserve for our sins. Therefore, we as You to plead for us before Your heavenly Father that He may look upon Your atoning sacrifice and grant us forgiveness. In Your name we pray. Amen. (Earl Gaulke)

18. ThAs King, Christ 1. rules with His almighty power over all creation (the kingdom of power—all creatures); Mt 28:18 All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to Me. 2. governs and protects especially His church (the kingdom of grace—the church on earth) Jn 18:36-37 Jesus said, "My kingdom is not of this world. If it were, My servants would fight to prevent My arrest by the Jews. But now My kingdom is from another place." "You are a king, then!" said Pilate - Jesus answered, “You are right in saying I am a king. In fact, for this reason I was born, and for this I came into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone on the side of truth listens to Me." 3. finally leads His church to glory in heaven (the kingdom of glory00the church in heaven) 2 Tim 4:18 The Lord will rescue me from every evil attack and will bring me safely to His heavenly kingdom. To Him be glory for ever and ever. Amen. • Pray: Rule, O God the Son, who has redeemed and ransomed us from sin. Take from us the burden of sin committed during the week now past, and graciously grant us Your peace. You are the Supreme Bishop and Archshepherd of our souls. Help all servants of Your Word in this and all Your congregations on earth to labor and bring forth much fruit unto eternal life. Amen. (Johann Habermann, 1516-90) Dear Lord God, bring and give blessedness and salvation to the holy church which is the kingdom of Christ. Send us devout and God-fearing teachers who will reveal Your name to the world and who proclaim that You are gracious and merciful, forgiving us our sins for the sake of Your Son. He will grant us eternal life in order that all people may rely on Your grace and mercy, call upon You, and give praise and thanks to You. Abolish all doctrines of men and let Christ alone be our King, who shall rule through His Gospel and make us His servants (John 2:15). Amen. (Luther).

19. Conclusion Prophet: Christ was appointed to be our Prophet, Priest, and King. ProphetAs Prophet, Christ 1. preached personally during His life on earth, validating His word with miracles, especially his own resurrection; Jesus is His personal Name. 2. through the preached Gospel today still proclaims Himself tobe the Son of God and Redeemer of the world. As Priest, Christ 1. fulfilled the Law perfectly for our stead (active obedience) 2. sacrificed Himself for our sins (passive obedience) 3. still pleads for us with His heavenly Father (intercession) 1 JnAs King, Christ 1. rules with His almighty power over all creation (the kingdom of power—all creatures) 2. governs and protects especially His church (the kingdom of grace—the church on earth) 3. finally leads His church to glory in heaven (the kingdom of glory—the church in heaven)

20. 2nd Article: Christ’s Humiliation Next Time…(4/8)