2. Characteristics of a CommunicativeCharacteristics of a Communicative
Activities Syllabus (C.A.S)Activities Syllabus (C.A.S)
Authentic-real CommunicationAuthentic-real Communication
Communicative PurposeCommunicative Purpose
Focus on Meaning not formFocus on Meaning not form
Learner’s personal involvementLearner’s personal involvement
Communication from the beginningCommunication from the beginning
UnpredictablilityUnpredictablility
Integration of SkillsIntegration of Skills
3. Arguments favoring the C.A.SArguments favoring the C.A.S
Code Communication DilemmaCode Communication Dilemma
Problems in formal code teachingProblems in formal code teaching
The Humpty Dumpty EffectThe Humpty Dumpty Effect
The Complexity of the Linguistic SystemThe Complexity of the Linguistic System
The Transfer levelThe Transfer level
Subconscious learning EncouragementSubconscious learning Encouragement
Coping techniques developmentCoping techniques development
Personal Relationship with the communityPersonal Relationship with the community
““To be effective, the move from formal study toTo be effective, the move from formal study to
language use has to occur repeatedly during thelanguage use has to occur repeatedly during the
learning process” (Stern: 1992)learning process” (Stern: 1992)
4. COMMUNICATION IN ACOMMUNICATION IN A
NATURAL SETTINGNATURAL SETTING
Contact with a variety ofContact with a variety of
target language speakerstarget language speakers
Access to diverse targetAccess to diverse target
language settingslanguage settings
Opportunity for AuthenticOpportunity for Authentic
Language UseLanguage Use
Capacity for PersonalCapacity for Personal
InvolvementInvolvement
WAYS TO RECTIFYWAYS TO RECTIFY
THESETHESE
SHORTCOMINGS INSHORTCOMINGS IN
THE CLASSROOMTHE CLASSROOM
Field experiencesField experiences
Contrived ArrangementsContrived Arrangements
(Classroom(Classroom
management)management)
Classroom Activities –Classroom Activities –
‘mini-immersion’‘mini-immersion’
weekends – clubsweekends – clubs
Depends more on theDepends more on the
studentsstudents
The teacher can help theThe teacher can help the
sts to cultivate interest insts to cultivate interest in
the target country.the target country.
5. Communicative Activities in theCommunicative Activities in the
Language ClassLanguage Class
The Conduct of the Language ClassThe Conduct of the Language Class
InstructionsInstructions
General Classroom ManagementGeneral Classroom Management
Topics arising from and relevant to theTopics arising from and relevant to the
learner’s personal lifelearner’s personal life
Self, personal background and daily lifeSelf, personal background and daily life
SchoolingSchooling
FamilyFamily
Personal interests and activitiesPersonal interests and activities
Professional ActivitiesProfessional Activities
Personal beliefsPersonal beliefs
6. Communicative Activities in theCommunicative Activities in the
Language ClassLanguage Class
Substantive TopicsSubstantive Topics
Topics of Educational RelevanceTopics of Educational Relevance
Subject MattersSubject Matters
Literary TextsLiterary Texts
Planning TripsPlanning Trips
Communicative ExercisesCommunicative Exercises
Giving and Following instructionsGiving and Following instructions
Information TransferInformation Transfer
Information GapInformation Gap
The Jigsaw principalThe Jigsaw principal
Problem SolvingProblem Solving
7. Levels of DifficultyLevels of Difficulty
The Predictability - unpredictabilityThe Predictability - unpredictability
dimensiondimension
The Receptive – Productive FactorThe Receptive – Productive Factor
Length of UtteranceLength of Utterance
Contextual SupportContextual Support
Linguistic Complexity of ContentLinguistic Complexity of Content
StressStress
8. ReferencesReferences
““Imported” Communicative LanguageImported” Communicative Language
Teaching Implications for Local teachers.Teaching Implications for Local teachers.
In: Forum Magazine. Volume 43, NumberIn: Forum Magazine. Volume 43, Number
4, 2005.4, 2005.
Stern, H.H. (1992). Issues and Options inStern, H.H. (1992). Issues and Options in
Language Teaching. Oxford: OxfordLanguage Teaching. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.University Press.
Watcyn-Jones, Peter. Top Class Activities.Watcyn-Jones, Peter. Top Class Activities.
England: PenguinEngland: Penguin