The Road to Sustainable Accessibility
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In this presentation, Deque’s John Foliot will outline an A to Z approach to sustainable institutional accessibility, providing a roadmap for academic institutions of all sizes. He’ll demonstrate how to make accessibility a part of your organization’s culture, examining the role that everyone in your organization plays in achieving and maintaining accessible digital materials. From leadership and vision, to to short and long-term planning, he will walk you through the steps you should take on the Road To Sustainable Accessibility.
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The Road to Sustainable Accessibility
- 1. John Foliot Principal Accessibility Strategist www.deque.com
- 3. Establish a Leadership Team
- 4. •Promotes the Vision through clear requirements and tangible support •Fosters a team spirit •Integrates Accessibility requirements in other corporate guides •Be specific in what you ask for, generous in what you accept Executive Management
- 5. Web Accessibility Coordinator Responsible for: • Communication/Promotion • Training Resources • Accessibility Governance • Production Life Cycle
- 6. Web Accessibility Champion Director level or above • Has signing authority and the authority to make things happen Web Accessibility Champion understands • The types of issues that people with disabilities face on the Internet • The many benefits of accessibility compliance • The legal ramifications of failing to comply.
- 7. Web Accessibility Specialists by Roles • Providing their respective fields of expertise with related accessibility requirements, guidelines and best practices. • Offering support and training to their team members so everyone understands their roles and responsibilities when it comes to creating accessible products. • Supporting their team with accessibility related knowledge. • Assisting stakeholders in reviewing production to intercept issues before they become part of the lifecycle.
- 8. Policies
- 9. Develop Digital Accessibility Policies Internal Accessibility Policy and Guidelines • Conformance Level: conform to the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 Level AA (WCAG 2.0 AA). • Scope: applies to: • All areas of both internal and external Web Sites • All new, updated, and existing Web pages including: • All content and functionality produced or updated internally. • All content and functionality provided by third-party developers.
- 10. Develop Digital Accessibility Policies Internal Accessibility Policy and Guidelines also address: • Milestones & Compliance Timeline • Known Limitations • Responsibilities • Accountability and Monitoring • Accessibility Policy Violations • Policy Review
- 11. Develop Digital Accessibility Policies Other Polices: • Web Accessibility Exception Procedure for accessibility violations • 3rd Party Vendor Accessibility Policy • Social Media Accessibility Policy
- 13. Establish a Communication Plan The Accessibility Communication Plan creates a bridge that connects Accessibility Policies to the people, processes, and tools: • Decision makers • Implementers • Information Technology • Procurement • Technology Users • Vendors
- 14. Establish a Communication Plan Key Messages: 1. Effective use of technology solves problems that without technology were much more difficult or impossible to solve 2. Accessibility is not the same thing as accommodation 3. Web Accessibility is not necessarily more expensive, if it is planned from the beginning 4. Web Accessibility is an important component of delivering services electronically 5. The need for accessible technology is growing rapidly 6. Web Accessibility is a journey not a destination
- 15. Develop Digital Accessibility Policies Adding Web Accessibility to a Customer Service Plan It is important to understand that most accessibility lawsuits do not start with an inaccessible website. Lawsuits usually start with a poor user experience either in a physical location, or over the phone or email, and through poor customer service that is either insensitive to the request of the disabled person or in some way agonizes or frustrates the person with disabilities.
- 16. Learning Plan
- 17. Establish a Learning Plan Provide sustainable role-based accessibility training to web developers, designers, quality assurance testers, content contributors and other stakeholders across your organization. Options include: • In person training • Live training via online meeting software • Pre-recorded/eLearning training
- 18. Immediate Strategy: Repair, Replace, or Retire
- 19. Immediate Strategy: Repair, Replace, or Retire While the requirement for accessibility applies to all of your digital presence, it is important to take a phased approach. It is at this point that decisions around repairing existing content, replacing it as part of a new design deployment, or in some instances retiring legacy content of questionable value should be undertaken.
- 20. Long-Term Process: Plan, Design, Build, & Test
- 21. Long-Term Process Plan: Plan, Design, Build, & Test • Design » Plan for Accessibility at the Requirements Stage of Projects • Code » Equip & Empower for Accessible Development • Test » Test & Remediate for Accessibility • Launch » Sustain Accessibility
- 23. Sustainment & Improvement Plan Tools and Testing: • Browser-based testing tools • Integrated Automated testing tools • Screen Reader Testing • Bug Tracking and related Issue Identifier (#a11y) • Monitoring and compliance (Enterprise level)
- 24. Thank You John Foliot Deque Systems john.foliot@deque.com www.deque.com
Notas del editor
- Vision Your Accessibility Roadmap is designed to support your organization as it makes its way through the different phases required to successfully integrate web accessibility in the DNA of your organization. The most critical step is one of corporate vision. Without full support and a clear vision from your senior management, you can quickly lose your way. Creating a Web Accessibility Leadership Team Reviewing and Recommend External and Internal Accessibility Policies Finalizing and Approve Accessibility Policy Establishing an Accessibility Communication Plan Assessing Current State of Web Accessibility Establishing a Prioritization and Remediation Process Establishing an Accessible Web Development and QA Process Establishing an Accessibility Training and Documentation Planning a Monthly Web Accessibility Monitoring and Reporting Process
- Web accessibility is not a project with a starting date and an end date. It’s a program. What this means is that in order to obtain lasting success, web accessibility needs to be integrated into the entire web production process much like the security field. The easiest way of achieving this is through the establishment of a leadership team
- Communication/Promotion Communicate accessibility policies within the entire organization. Promote accessibility awareness in all spheres of activities and core groups. Training Resources Identify the various accessibility training needs for key audiences. Provide training needed for staff to successfully implement accessibility policies. Provide internal documentation on Web Accessibility Style Guides and Guidelines, including, but not limited to: Accessibility Development Guide including code samples Accessibility use cases Accessibility testing plans Accessibility Governance Standards Interpretation and Development: Provide technical guidance on best practices and conformance criteria for meeting WCAG 2.0. Keep up to date on the evolving accessibility standards and best practices (508 Refresh, CVAA, HTML5, ARIA). Monitoring Compliance: Monitor compliance (monthly) to accessibility policy. Report on accessibility implementation plan, policy and progress (monthly, every other month, quarterly, bi-annually, annually). Exception Reviews: Review any requests for exceptions to [client]’s digital accessibility polic(ies). Provide guidance on how to resolve accessibility issues when an exception is not appropriate. Provide risk analysis and recommendations on exceptions to Leadership. Maintain documentation on all exceptions. Review regularly for increased risk. Production Life Cycle Backlog: Be available for questions from designers and the UX team as they start rough mockups of items in the backlog stack. Planning Phase: Be present in the meetings, identifying design choices that will present accessibility challenges, and helping the team balance the amount of effort required to make that choice accessible versus small design adjustments. During those sessions the Web Accessibility Coordinator could also highlight sections of the mockup where common errors are made, and offer suggestions for the development team on how to avoid them. Comments should be provided during the review of graphic and interactive design models. Development: Be available for questions and sometimes coach code fixes or offer resources. Functional Testing: Be available for questions to the QA team and check issues not grasped by the QA. Regression Testing: Be available to help interpret the severity of new issues that show up in the output of WorldSpace Suite when it’s being compared to that week’s regular reporting output from the Production site.
- Generally this person would be at the director level or above, who has signing authority, and has the authority to make things happen. This is not a paid position, nor does it require a lot of expertise or time, except for a basic understanding of the types of issues that people with disabilities face on the Internet, the many benefits of accessibility compliance, and the legal ramifications of failing to comply. This type of commitment from senior management is critical for success. The Accessibility Champion role will provide support and resources to the Web Accessibility Coordinator(s), and should be consulted when important budget decisions are being made, and will reiterate the organization’s commitment to inclusion. They will take interest in the Web Accessibility Coordinator and ask this person what they need to get the job done, and ensure they get it. The Web Accessibility Coordinator would be within this person’s authority.
- Finalizing and approving the Web Accessibility Policies is the first real milestone that will be shared with internal stakeholders and production teams. It’s the organization’s statement or commitment towards digital inclusion and diversity support. Review the proposed internal accessibility policies with the Accessibility Leadership Team, as well as upper management and the legal department. Review feedback from different stakeholders and make required adjustments to the policy. Submit the policy for final Leadership/Legal approval. Once the final approval has been received, go through the proper channels to communicate the policy across the organization and follow up with a strategy to communicate about the commitment.
- Milestones & Compliance Timeline – varies by organization and readiness Known Limitations - providing alternative methods of ensuring accessibility of material or other accommodation. Responsibilities – Business Unit or equivalent, Web Developers, Content Providers and Document Authors, Accountability and Monitoring - Web Accessibility Coordinator and Leadership. Accessibility Policy Violations – escalation process for Web Accessibility Coordinator Policy Review – scheduled reviews
- The purpose of creating an Accessibility Communication Plan is to implement the Accessibility Policies adopted by putting in place processes, tools, and support (e.g., guidelines and training) that make accessibility simply the way your organization wants do business from a certain point, moving forward.
- There are usually up to four main categories of audiences for the Accessibility Communication Plan: decision makers, Web accessibility implementers (information technology and procurement personnel), technology users, and vendors.
- When new technology is implemented, how can we improve accessibility for users who have previously been unable to access this service?” The new mantra becomes: Technology is the solution, not the barrier. Accommodation is used when an accessibility solution is determined to not be feasible. Planning for accessibility is significantly cheaper than dealing with accessibility issues at the end of a project. When implemented properly, an accessible web site or service says “We’re open for business” to everyone. Accessibility impacts more than just people with disabilities: it may also be your Mother, my Father, or maybe some day you! 100% accessibility is a goal that is never fully realized. The purpose of creating and implementing an Accessibility Communication Plan is to identify and put in place the processes, tools, and training that enables your organization to procure or develop content that best meet accessibility standards.
- Training and documentation is a fundamental part of integrating web accessibility into the DNA of any organization and into the development lifecycle of all digital projects. While training helps resources develop the skills required to do the work, documentation ensures that new resources pulled into the projects can quickly integrate the existing process and also make it their own.
- Breaking your digital presence down into major web sites and major projects is a great place to start. What matters is considering the litigation risks and user impacts for each site and application and place them on the prioritization grid from critical user impact and high litigation risks to minor use impact and low litigation risks. It is at this point that decisions around repairing existing content, replacing it as part of a new design deployment, or in some instances retiring legacy content of questionable value should be undertaken.
- Design » Plan for Accessibility at the Requirements Stage of Projects Set WCAG 2.0 AA as the standard for Accessibility QA Team provides standard use cases Code » Equip & Empower for Accessible Development Provide web development and accessibility testing tools Integrate accessibility process with existing IDE and testing tools Provide role-specific accessibility training as needed Test » Test & Remediate for Accessibility Testing for Accessibility Centralized automated tests for accessibility Expert accessibility/usability evaluation with assistive technology Users testing with people with disabilities. Remediating for Accessibility Prioritize accessibility errors Resolve accessibility errors Retest to ensure compliance with policy Launch » Sustain Accessibility Continuous monitoring of accessibility compliance including WorldSpace Suite weekly crawl of production site Accessibility verification of third-party content/functionality before purchase New employee training on accessibility
- A formal accessibility validation process needs to be put in place throughout the development lifecycle, so developers can proactively intercept bugs and issues as they are created. While this process also needs to involve the QA teams, making sure developers have access to a tool that can flag the most basic issues is critical to ensuring efficiency.