ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
IP&T 692R: Week 2-History of the LMS
1. History of the Learning
Management System
IP&T 692R
Fall 2013
Jon Mott
Chief Learning Officer, Learning Objects
Visiting Instructor, Brigham Young University
45. “Pointing students to data buckets and conduits
we’ve already made for them won’t do.”
- Gardner Campbell
46. The original design of the LMS was transactional
and largely administrative in nature, hence the “M”
in “LMS.” The function of the traditional LMS is to
simplify how learning is scheduled, deployed, and
tracked as a means to organize curricula and
manage learning materials.
- Lou Pugiese
47. : “School communities will need to
develop strategies for building
resilience into their systems and
for creating
lightweight, modular
infrastructures.”
48. Love / Hate
Users Who
Love Their
CMS
Users Who
Hate Their
CMS
Users Who
Want to Switch
63. THE CLOUD
STUDENT
CONTEN
T
UNIVERSITY NETWORK
An Open (Institutional) Learning Network
OPEN
CONTENT
SIS SECURE
ONLINE
ASSESSMENT
GRADE
BOOK
LEARNING
OUTCOMES
WIKI
PORTAL
UI
STUDENT
LEARNING
EPORTFOLIO
PERSONAL
PUBLISHING
SPACE
SOCIAL
NETWORKING
APPS
COLLABORATIO
N
TOOLS
UNIVERSITY
CONTEN
T
64. Blackboard is trying to keep up.
Michael L. Chasen, the company's chief executive, has
told The Chronicle that the latest version of the software
integrates some Web 2.0 tools and still offers plenty of
features that blogging packages can't match, like online
gradebooks.
The “Course Management System” – Roots in late 90s. Blackboard’s original name “Course Info” is a good indication of what these tools were originally intended to do.
Hypertext Transfer ProtocolURIs, URLs, the WebXml + Web Services
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
http://cluetrain.com
SCORM diagram on left: (cc) Michael Richards, “SCORM 1.2 & 2004 Visual Guide to Runtime Environment Data Model”See also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorm
http://www.imsglobal.org/cc
SOURCE: Dr. Chuck’s slideshttp://www.imsglobal.org/developers/LTI/test/v1p1/docs/LTI_Overview_1_1.pdf
http://www.imsglobal.org/toolsinteroperability2.cfmLMS (or Portal!) launches external tool, securely passing userid, course info, role infoHTTP POST via browser (with security) manages data flow
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
How is Blackboard actually used?
Vertically integrated technology stack with uneven integration with other tools in the learning ecosystem.
75% of faculty members us a CMS at BYU. 50% use a CMS as their only online teaching & learning technology25% use the CMS plus other online tools.25% don’t use a CMS14% have a course blog, wiki, or custom website11% use no online technology
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
University of Wisconsin System faculty members. In that study, Morgan found that "faculty use the CMS primarily as an administrative tool to facilitate quiz administration and other classroom tasks rather than as a tool anchored in pedagogy or cognitive science models” (2003, 11). As Milligan observes, the CMS is "fundamentally a conservative technology ... [for] managing groups, providing tools, and delivering content" (2006, 1)Evidence of the pervasiveness of such CMS usage tendencies can be found in a recent usage study of the Sakai at the University of North Carolina. Faculty survey data indicates that the top three uses of Sakai in the category "Improving Teaching and Learning" were "Accessing materials any time," "Saving me time," and "Managing my course activities" (UNC 2009, 15).Milligan, C. (2006). The Road to the Personal Learning Environment? CETIS. Retrieved from http://zope.cetis.ac.uk/members/ple/resources/colinmilligan.pdf.Morgan, G. (2003). Faculty Use of Course Management Systems. ECAR. Retrieved from http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ers0302/rs/ers0302w.pdf. University of North Carolina. (2009). Sakai Pilot Evaluation Final Report. October 15, 2009. Retrieved from http://www.unc.edu/sakaipilot/evaluation/FinalRept-Oct15-09-sm.pdf.
The Course Management System is not the academic ERP / PeopleSoft.
LannyArvan: “Teaching an learning are not fundamentally transactional.”http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/DisIntegratingtheLMS/174588
The Web is “a world of pure connection, free of the arbitrary constraints of matter, distance and time.”- Small Pieces Loosely Joined by David WeinbergerImage Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ialla/4042996779/sizes/l
Gilmor: “The Former Audience” -- Students no longer passive consumers.IMAGE: Obama in Germany http://www.flickr.com/photos/barackobamadotcom/2699346313/sizes/o
This is Facebook
This is Facebook every 14 weeks if it was managed like an LMS.
The CMS is like a moated castle … IMAGE: “Japan: Osaka-jo outer moat, 1” http://www.flickr.com/photos/53537358@N00/3005861124
… or a walled garden.IMAGE: “The Secret Gardens at Tregwainton” http://www.flickr.com/photos/zawtowers/3758680364
Steve Wheeler: We need to create learning webs, not pour content through funnels into students heads.http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com/2009/10/its-personal-learning-spaces-learning.html
Gardner Campbell: “Pointing students to data buckets and conduits we’ve already made for them won’t do.”http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Review/EDUCAUSEReviewMagazineVolume44/APersonalCyberinfrastructure/178431
Platforms for Resilience: “School communities will need to develop strategies for building resilience into their systems and for creating lightweight, modular infrastructures.”KnowledgeWorks Foundation, “2020 Forecast: Creating the Future for Learning” http://www.futureofed.org/driver/platforms-for-resilience.aspxImage Source: “Bracken Growing Through” http://www.flickr.com/photos/spursfan_ace/569104124/sizes/l/
Inspired by http://graphjam.com (via Dr. Chuck)
Martin Weller – PLE http://nogoodreason.typepad.co.uk/.shared/image.html?/photos/uncategorized/2007/12/06/pwe_3.jpg
Scott Leslie – PLE http://edtechpost.wikispaces.com/file/view/swl_ple2.gif
PLNs connect people in new, dynamic ways that were previously impossible.IMAGE: OpenEd Twitter Conversation – Courtesy Tony Bates http://www.tonybates.ca
PLNs connect people in new, dynamic ways that were previously impossible.IMAGE: OpenEd Twitter Conversation – Courtesy Tony Bates http://www.tonybates.ca
See Brown, J. S., and Adler, R. (2009). “Minds on Fire: Open Education, the Long Tail, and Learning 2.0.” Educause Review, January/February (16-32).
The tyranny of “or”False dichotomy between the institutional network and the PLN.
Is there a middle ground???IMAGES: Michael Chasen en Matthew Pittinskyhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/pklaassen/68271156 (left); Edupunk2 http://www.flickr.com/photos/bionicteaching/2533948716 (right)
Mott, J. and Wiley, D. (2009). “Open for Learning: The CMS and the Open Learning Network,” in education, 15:2.
We need a secure tool for communicating with students about their work—a FERPA compliant “gradebook”http://chronicle.com/article/Blogs-Instead-of-Blackboard/44412/
“We don’t just think outside the box … We transform the box into a robot and then think outside the robot.”Image Source: http://gregd.com & Dr. Chuck’s presentation: http://www-personal.umich.edu/~csev/talks/2009/2009-11-10-pearson.pdf