OER seminar 07-11-12

e-Learning team
Learning & Teaching Enhancement
Office

Open Educational Resources
(OER)
Julian Prior
Learning Technologist
@jpodcaster

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Tuesday, 13 November 12

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Outline
• Definitions
• Licenses
• Examples
• Benefits
• Barriers
• Activity
Wikimedia Commons

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1. Deﬁnitions

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open learners
open courses (MOOCs)

open research
open data
open content

open textbooks
open badges
open source

open courseware (OCW) open access

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Questions:

• What does the 'open' in OER mean?

• Is being 'open' a good thing?

• Can you think of an example of an OER?

see: http://www.hackeducation.com/2012/09/18/deﬁne-open/

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What do we mean by 'open'?
• free (monetary value)
• freely available (online/digital) - knowledge as a
'public good'
• transparency of activity (Cormier and Siemens,
2010) - open educational practices
• freedom to re-use/revise/remix/re-distribute
(Wiley's 4 Rs - http://www.slideshare.net/mobile/
opencontent/vss-2010-oer-101-theory-and-practice )

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"digitized materials offered freely and
openly for educators, students and self-
learners to use and re-use for teaching,
learning and research."

OECD, 2007

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“Open Educational Resources (OER) are
teaching, learning, and research resources
that reside in the public domain or have
been released under an intellectual
property license that permits their free
use or re-purposing by others. Open
educational resources include full
courses, course materials, modules,
textbooks, streaming videos, tests,
software, and any other tools, materials,
or techniques used to support access to
knowledge.”
Atkins, Brown, & Hammond 2007

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2. Licenses

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Creative Commons Licenses
CC BY - Attribution

CC BY SA - Attribution Share-Alike

CC BY ND - Attribution No Derivatives

CC BY NC - Attribution Non Commercial

CC BY NC SA - Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike

CC BY NC ND - Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives
http://creativecommons.org/about
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Wiley, 2010
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http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Metrics
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3. Examples

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Big Little
Institutional Individual

high reputation cheap

good teaching quality, web (2) native

little reversioning easily remixed and
required reused
expensive low production quality

often not web native reputation ‘buyer
beware’
reuse limited distributed

Weller, 2009
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http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=3636

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4. Beneﬁts

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Scenario (10 mins)
At the school/college/university you work at you have
been asked to apply for external funding for a
project to release existing teaching/learning
materials as OER.

You have been invited to a senior managers/
governors meeting to give a presentation on why the
school/college/uni should support OER. They are
very skeptical. How would you convince them that
your project is worth supporting? List 5 beneﬁts of
using OER.

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Beneﬁts:

• Enhances reputation (publicity/marketing)
• Enhances quality of resources - peer review
• Promotes social inclusion and widens participation
• Taster courses can increase student recruitment
• Encourages pedagogic innovation
• Lower costs e.g free textbooks
• Encourages collaboration with educators and learners

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5. Barriers

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Scenario (5 mins)

Revisit the meeting with senior managers/governors
at your school/college/university.

This time put yourself in the position of a senior
manager or governor. Come up with 5 objections to
the adoption of OER, or 5 barriers or hurdles that
need to be overcome.

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Barriers/Issues:

• Lack of awareness of beneﬁts (institution/staff/students)
• Workloads/resourcing (creating OER ‘from scratch’)
• Requires new skills and pedagogies?
• Competition and marketisation of HE
• Technical issues e.g metadata, tagging, searching
• Perception of lower quality?
• Legal issues and licensing

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6. Activity

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Activity
Pick one of the following online sources/ways to search
for OER:

• Google advanced search www.google.co.uk/advanced_search ;
• Flickr Creative Commons www.ﬂickr.com/creativecommons ;
• JORUM www.jorum.ac.uk ;
• OER Commons www.oercommons.org
1. Find a resource that you could make use of in your teaching;
2. Alter/change/remix the resource to serve your purpose using
appropriate licensing;
3. Report back to the group on any issues you faced e.g how
easy was it to ﬁnd a relevant resource, was the resource easy to
download/use/re-use/repurpose?
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References
Atkins, D.E., Seely-Brown, J., and Hammond, A.L. (2007) ‘A Review of the Open Educational Resources (OER)
Movement: Achievements, Challenges and New Opportunities.’ http://www.hewlett.org/uploads/ﬁles/
ReviewoftheOERMovement.pdf
Cormier, D. and Siemens, G. (2010) ‘Through the Open Door: Open Courses as Research, Learning and
Engagement.’ Educause Review. Vol. 45, No. 4 (July/August 2010). pp. 30-39.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) (2007) ‘Giving Knowledge for Free: The
Emergence of Open Educational Resources.’ http://www.oecd.org/edu/ceri/38654317.pdf
Watters, A. (2012) ‘What do we mean by “Open” ’? http://www.hackeducation.com/2012/09/18/deﬁne-open/
Weller, M. (2009) ‘Big OER and Little OER.’ http://nogoodreason.typepad.co.uk/no_good_reason/2009/12/the-
politics-of-oer.html
Wiley, D. (2010) ‘OER 101: Theory and Practice.’ http://www.slideshare.net/mobile/opencontent/vss-2010-
oer-101-theory-and-practice

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OER seminar 07-11-12

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