Philosophy, Heritage

2. • The study of ideas about knowledge, truth,
the nature and meaning of life, etc.
• Set of ideas about how to do something or
how to live.
• A pursuit for wisdom

3. “ To philosophize is so essentially
human – and in a sense to
philosophize means living a truly
human life ”.

4. We are heirs to a rich philosophical
heritage. Passed on to us are a
number of philosophies of various
thinkers who live before us.

5. Aristotle
Aristotle is the
first to have
written systems
by which to
understand and
criticize
everything from
pure logic to
ethics, politics,
literature, even
science.

6. Plato
One of Plato’s most famous
quotations concerns politics,
“Until philosophers rule as kings
or those who are now called kings
and leading men genuinely and
adequately philosophize, that is,
until political power and
philosophy entirely coincide,
while the many natures who at
present pursue either one
exclusively are forcibly prevented
from doing so, cities will have no
rest from evils…nor, I think, will
the human race.” What he means
is that any person(s) in control of
a nation or city or city-state must
be wise, and that if they are not,
then they are ineffectual rulers. It
is only through philosophy that
the world can be free of evils.

7. Paul of Tarsus
Paul
accomplished
more with the few
letters we have of
his, to various
churches in Asia
Minor, Israel and
Rome, than any
other mortal
person in the
Bible, except Jesus
himself.

8. Rene Descartes
He advocated dualism,
which is very basically
defined as the power of
the mind over the body:
strength is derived by
ignoring the
weaknesses of the
human physique and
relying on the infinite
power of the human
mind. Descartes’s most
famous statement, now
practically the motto of
existentialism: “I think,
therefore I am.”

9. Confucius (551–479 BC) was a
Chinese teacher, editor,
politician, and Philosopher of
the Spring and Autumn
period of Chinese History.
The philosophy of Confucius
emphasized personal and
governmental morality,
correctness of social
relationships, justice and
sincerity.
He espoused the well-known
principle "Do not do to others
what you do not want done to
yourself", an early version of
the Golden Rule.

10. Thomas Aquinas
Thomas embraced several ideas
put forward by Aristotle —
whom he referred to as "the
Philosopher" — and attempted
to synthesize Aristotelian
Philosophy with the principles
of Christianity. The works for
which he is best known are the
Summa Thelogica and
the Summa contra Gentiles His
commentaries on Sacred
Scripture and on Aristotle are
an important part of his body
of work.

11. Avicenna
He lived in the Persian
Empire from c. 980 AD to
1037. The Dark Ages were
not so dark. Aside from
his stature as a
philosopher, he was also
the world’s preeminent
physician during his life.
His two most well known
works today are The Book
of Healing (which has
nothing to do with
physical medicine) and
The Canon of Medicine,
which was his compilation
of all known medical
knowledge at that time.

12. Zeno founded the school of
Stoicism
Stoicism argues that mental
peace must be acquired out
of your own will not to let
anything upset you. Death
is a necessity, so why feel
depressed when someone
dies? Depression doesn’t
help. It only hurts. Why get
enraged over something?
The rage will not result in
anything good. And so, in
controlling one’s emotions,
a state of mental peace is
brought about. Of
importance is to shun
desire: you may strive for
what you need, but only
that and nothing more.
What you want will lead to
excess, and excess doesn’t
help, but hurts.

13. John Locke
The most important thinker of
modern politics is the most
directly responsible for Thomas
Jefferson’s rhetoric in the
Declaration of Independence,
and the rhetoric in the U. S.
Constitution. Locke is referred
to as the “Father of Liberalism,”
because of his development of
the principles of humanism and
individual freedom, founded
primarily by #1. It is said that
liberalism proper, the belief in
equal rights under the law,
begins with Locke. He penned
the phrase “government with the
consent of the governed.” His
three “natural rights,” that is,
rights innate to all human
beings, were and remain “life,
liberty, and estate.”

14. • What is life?
• Who am I?
• Why am I here?
• What I am living for?
• What is reality?
• Is the universe real?
• What is good to do?
• How should I live meaningfully?

16. 1 God, infinitely perfect and blessed in himself, in a
plan of sheer goodness freely created man to make him
share in his own blessed life. For this reason, at every
time and in every place, God draws close to man. He
calls man to seek him, to know him, to love him with all
his strength. He calls together all men, scattered and
divided by sin, into the unity of his family, the Church.
To accomplish this, when the fullness of time had come,
God sent his Son as Redeemer and Savior. In his Son and
through him, he invites men to become, in the Holy
Spirit, his adopted children and thus heirs of his blessed
life.

17. 27 The desire for God is written in the human heart,
because man is created by God and for God; and God never
ceases to draw man to himself. Only in God will he find the
truth and happiness he never stops searching for.
The dignity of man rests above all on the fact that he is
called to communion with God. This invitation to converse
with God is addressed to man as soon as he comes into
being. For if man exists, it is because God has created him
through love, and through love continues to hold him in
existence. He cannot live fully according to truth unless he
freely acknowledges that love and entrusts himself to his
creator.1

18. • Why do I teach?
• What should I teach?
• How should I teach?
• What is the nature of learner?
• How do we learn?

19.  Essentialism
 Progressivism
 Perennialism
 Existentialism
 Behaviorism
 Linguistic Philosophy
 Constructivism

20. A Teachers Prayer
I want to teach my student how
To live this life on earth
To face its struggle and strife
And to impose their worth
Not just a lesson on a book
Or how the river flow
But how to choose the proper path
Wherever they may go
To understand eternal truth and and know
The right from wrong
And gather all the beauty of a flower
And song for if
I help the world to grow in wisdom
And in grace
Then I shall feel that I have won
And I have filled my place
And so I ask your guidance, God
That I may do my part
For character and confidence
And happiness of Heart

21. Reference
The Teaching Profession
Bilbao, Corpuz, llagas, Salandanan
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