Judaism

1. Judaism

2. www.religiouseducation.co.uk/.../ judaism.html

3. I. Jewish Scriptures
A. Tanakh – The Jewish Bible which has 3
parts and is very similar to our Old
Testament.
1. Torah – 1st
5 books of our O.T., the
most important scriptures. The most
traditional Jews attempt to memorize it.
2. (Nevee’em) The Prophets – Isaiah,
Jeremiah, Joshua,…
3. (Ketuvim) Other Writings – Pslams,
Lamentations, Proverbs…

4. I. Jewish ScripturesI. Jewish Scriptures
B. Talmud – Books that explain, interpret,
and study the Tanakh.
1. Example: The Tanakh says to honor
the Sabbath Day by keeping it holy by
not working. The Talmud gives
guidelines as to what ‘work’ is.

5. I. Jewish ScripturesI. Jewish Scriptures
C. Key Stories in the Torah.
1. Creation/Adam and Eve/Fall
(Genesis 1-3)
2. God’s Covenant with Abraham
(Genesis 17)
3. Moses/Exodus/The Law (Ex. 19-24)

6. Creation, Adam
and Eve, & The
Fall

7. God’s Covenant with AbrahamGod’s Covenant with Abraham

8. Moses, Exodus,
& the 10
Commandments

9. II. Jewish LawII. Jewish Law
A. Mosaic Law – The 10 commandments,
which were the guidelines for the 613
laws that God gave to Moses on Mt.
Sinai.
Example: Kashrut (Dietary Laws)

10. KashrutKashrut
• Only split-hooved animals that chew their cud,
certain types of fowl (duck, chicken, turkey),
and fish with fins are proper to eat.
• Dairy and meat products can not be mixed
together at the same meal.
• Animals that are used for food (except fish)
must be killed in the ritual way, to cause as
little pain as possible to the animal.
Food that meets the Kashrut laws are known as
Kosher.

11. II. Jewish LawII. Jewish Law
B. Modern Talmud
– Example: Shabbat (the Sabbath)

12. ShabbatShabbat
• From sundown on Friday night to
Sundown on Saturday night there is no
work, since God rested on the 7th
day after
creation.
– No electricity
– No cooking
– Only taking a certain amount of steps
– No brushing your hair
– No touching money
– No ripping toilet paper

13. II. Jewish LawII. Jewish Law
C. These laws were taken very seriously as
seen in the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-9)
which sums up the key beliefs of
Judaism.
“4
Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the
LORD is one. 5
Love the LORD your God
will all your heart and with all your soul
and with all your strength.”

14. Deuteronomy 6:4-9Deuteronomy 6:4-9
“4
Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is
one. 5
Love the LORD your God will all your heart
and with all your soul and with all your strength.
6
These commandments that I give you today are
to be on your hearts. 7
Impress them on your
children. Talk about them when you sit at home
and when you walk along the road, when you lie
down and when you get up. 8
Tie them as
symbols on your hands and bind them on your
foreheads. 9
Write them on the doorframes of
your houses and on your gates. ”

15. Example: PhylacteriesExample: Phylacteries

16. Example: TefillinExample: Tefillin

17. Example: MezuzahExample: Mezuzah

18. Talit (Prayer Shawl)Talit (Prayer Shawl)

19. Compared to ChristianityCompared to Christianity
• Why don’t we follow all of the O.T. laws?
• How do we know which ones to follow?
– Civil Law
– Ceremonial Law
– Moral Law

20. III. Jewish Concept of SalvationIII. Jewish Concept of Salvation
A. Must keep all of the laws in the Tanakh
and the Talmud.
B. They acknowledge that this is impossible
to do (since man is by nature sinful), but
God provides a way out.
C. The Jewish people offered animal
sacrifices as payment for their sins (until
the destruction of the 2nd
Temple in
70 A.D.)

21. III. Jewish Concept of SalvationIII. Jewish Concept of Salvation
D. Today Jews no longer sacrifice, but
stress the importance of following the laws
that are still applicable and ask
forgiveness from God when they sin.

26. Jewish Names for GodJewish Names for God
• Adonai - Lord
• El olam – God of ancient days,
God of Eternity
• El elyon – God Most High
• El shaddia – God Almighty
• El ro’l – God Who Sees
• El ohim – God of Faithfulness

27. Jewish Names for GdJewish Names for Gd
• YHWH – unpronounceable; use
LORD/Adonai instead
• Yahweh (Jehovah) - “I am who I am”
• HaShem – “The Name”

28. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jno5b0tQ5Ck

29. IV. Key Beliefs of JudaismIV. Key Beliefs of Judaism
A. Monotheism
B. Salvation by Gd through His laws
C. Messiah
D. Creation

30. IV. Key Beliefs of JudaismIV. Key Beliefs of Judaism
E. Afterlife – judged based on deeds after
death, not during life (based on Job)
1. Gehenna – place of suffering for the
wicked
2. Sheol – all go here upon death
3. ‘Heaven’ – place of paradise for the
just
F. Purpose of Life

31. V. Jewish Customs and TraditionsV. Jewish Customs and Traditions
A. Bar/Bat Mitzvah (Son/Daughter of
Commandment)
– for boys turning 13/ girls turning 12
- now responsible for their own religious
behavior and knowledge of
commandments.
B. Passover – Celebrating Jewish Freedom
from slavery in Egypt (Mar. or Apr.)

32. V. Jewish Customs and TraditionsV. Jewish Customs and Traditions
C. Rosh Hashanah –
Jewish New Year
(Sept. or Oct.)
-Also seen as the Day
of Judgment (but Gd
grants a 10 day grace
period)
-The shofar was blown
at the temple as a call
to repentence

33. V. Jewish Customs and TraditionsV. Jewish Customs and Traditions
D. Yom Kippur – 2nd
most important Jewish
holiday (after Passover)
-Day of Atonement (10th
Day of Rosh
Hashanah)
-Seen as the Sabbath of Sabbath’s
-All families had to make sacrifices on
this Day (before temple was destroyed)

34. V. Jewish Customs and TraditionsV. Jewish Customs and Traditions
D. Yom Kippur
-all Sabbath rules
apply
-day of fasting
-day of remembrance
of the sins of the nation
- “Next year in Israel!”

35. V. Jewish Customs and TraditionsV. Jewish Customs and Traditions
E. Yarmulke – ‘skull cap’ worn by males to
show reverence to Gd and his
commandments.

36. Rabbinic JudaismRabbinic Judaism
• Today’s version of Judaism that replaced
Judaism that revolved around the Temple.
• Rabbinic Judaism revolves around
synagogues.

37. VI. Branches of JudaismVI. Branches of Judaism
A. Reform Judaism – tried to make Judaism
more compatible with a changing world
Examples:
1. Use of English in prayer services in
U.S. instead of Hebrew
2. Commandments should build
relationship with God.
3. Most of Kashrut and Shabbat laws
not followed.

38. VI. Branches of JudaismVI. Branches of Judaism
B. Orthodox Judaism
1. A response to Reform Judaism that
said every letter of Mosaic Law
(including the 1st
Talmud) was giving to
Moses by God on Mt. Sinai.
2. All traditional practices reflect the will
of God, and since God does not change,
neither should Judaism.

39. VI. Branches of JudaismVI. Branches of Judaism
C. Conservative Judaism
1. A response to Orthodox Judaism that
said that Jewish tradition and even some
laws can change, but the key values that
the laws are trying to instill cannot change.
2. Sabbath and Kashrut laws can be
updated but should still be followed
3. Seen as a combination between
Orthodox and Reform Judaism

40. VI. Branches of JudaismVI. Branches of Judaism
D. Hasidic Judaism
1. Not really a branch, but more of a
movement within Judaism.
2. Started in the 1800s
3. Said that Judaism had become too
legalistic. Hasidic Judaism stressed an
emotional and spiritual connection to
God along with keeping the traditional
laws. (Hasid is Hebrew for pious)

41. MatisyahuMatisyahu

46. How would you attempt to bring theHow would you attempt to bring the
good news of Christ to a Jewishgood news of Christ to a Jewish
person? Give 3 Bible passagesperson? Give 3 Bible passages
that you would use. Explain howthat you would use. Explain how
these verses show the fundamentalthese verses show the fundamental
differences between Judaism anddifferences between Judaism and
Christianity.Christianity.