Kk day 2 am 5th speaker agung cocoa breedingprogressinindonesia
1. CURRENT STATUS OF COCOA
PLANTING MATERIALS IN
INDONESIA
Agung Wahyu Susilo
E-mail : soesiloiccri@yahoo.com
INDONESIAN COFFEE AND COCOA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jl. PB Sudirman No. 90 Jember 68118 Indonesia, Phone: +62(0331)757130,
Fax +62(0331)757131, website : www.iccri.net. E-mail : iccri@iccri.net.
3. THE 1st GENERATION
(Fine-cocoa era)
• Time : 1912—1970s.
• Focused to select fine-cocoa clones.
• Breeding materials is the introduced hybrid of
Trinitario.
• Main issue : flavor
• Based in Java.
• Planting materials distributed just for big
plantation.
4. The selected clones
DR 1 DR 2 DR 38 DRC 16 GC 7
• Yield (tones/ha) : 1.50 2.16 1.50 1.54 2.0
• A dry bean (g) : 1.36 1.21 1.47 1.19 1.24
• Self Compatibility : SI SC SC SC SI
• PPR resistance : S S S R S
• VSD resistance : S S S S S
5. THE 2nd GENERATION
(Bulk-cocoa era)
• Time : 1970s—1990s
• Focused to select bulk-cocoa clones & hybrids
• Breeding materials is Forastero Upper Amazon Hybrids
which be introduced from Malaysia & some introduced
clones. .
• Main issue : Productivity & quality
• Based in Sumatra.
• The selected clones are mainly distributed for big
plantation.
6. The selected clones
ICS 13 ICS 60 TSH 858 RCC 70 PA 300 NIC 7
• Yield (tones/ha) : 1.83 1.50 1.76 2.28 1.40 1.65
• A dry bean (g) : 1.05 1.67 1.15 1.18 1.14 1.50
• Self Compatibility : SC SI SI SC - SC
• PPR resistance : M M M M M M
• Fat content (%) : 52 54 56 57 54 53
• VSD resistance : S M S S M S
• CPB resistance : S S S - - -
7. THE 3rd GENERATION
(Pest-Disease era)
• Time : 1990s—now
• Focus to select both of the bulk-cocoa clones, fine-cocoa
clones, and hybrids
• Breeding materials is hybrids population of Trinitario.
• Main issue :
Productivity, quality & pest/disease resistance
• National based area.
• Planting materials were already distributed for big
plantation & cocoa smallholder. Some are still in
developmental phase.
8. The selected clones
Fine-cocoa
ICCRI 01 ICCRI 02
• Yield (tones/ha) : 2.50 2.37
• A dry bean (g) : 1.36 1.32
• Self Compatibility : SC SC
• PPR resistance : R R
• VSD resistance : S S
9. The selected clones
Bulk-cocoa
ICCRI 03 ICCRI 04
• Yield (tones/ha) : 2.19 2.16
• A dry bean (g) : 1.18 1.12
• Self Compatibility : - -
• PPR resistance : R R
• Fat content (%) : 55 55
• VSD resistance : MS MR
13. PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH
OF COCOA FARMER ON
BREEDING ACTIVITY IN
INDONESIA
Agung Wahyu Susilo
E-mail : soesiloiccri@yahoo.com
INDONESIAN COFFEE AND COCOA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jl. PB Sudirman No. 90 Jember 68118 Indonesia, Phone: +62(0331)757130,
Fax +62(0331)757131, website : www.iccri.net. E-mail : iccri@iccri.net.
14. PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH ON
CLONE SELECTION
• Based on basic intuitive farmer select
the intended tree of vigorous genotype
for their planting.
• Pioneer work by pioneer farmer.
• Initially mediated by extension.
• Participative farmer depend on the
training program.
15. CRITERIA OF THE PREFFERED
LOCAL CLONE
• Continuously produce fruit to sustain
home income during the year.
• High productivity (1.5—2.0
tones/ha/yr).
• Easily be propagated by using side-
grafting or top grafting in the field.
• Resistance to CPB or VSD.
• Quality - buyer would give premium
price for the beans.