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Progetti




134
         Projects




                        COOP HIMMELB(L)AU
                        BMW Welt in Munich
                         text by Marcello Marchesini
                         Località Location                     Munich, Germany

                         Cliente Client                        BMW AG, Munich, Germany

                         Progettazione Design and planning     COOP HIMMELB(L)AU
                                                               Wolf D. Prix, Helmut Swiczinsky + Partner

                         Capo progetto Project architect       Paul Kath

                         Co-progettisti                        Günther Weber, Penelope Rüttimann, Renate Weissenböck
                         Partial Project Architects            Markus Hennig, Verena Perius, Mona Marbach, Tom Wiscombe

                         Collaboratori Project team            Hans Aescht, Antje Bulthaup, Guy Bébié, Johannes Behrens, Timo Carl, Ing Tse Chen,
                                                               Wolfgang Fiel, Volker Gessendorfer, Jens Hof, Waltraut Hohenender, Martin Jurycz,
                                                               Astrid Jagersberger, Martin Konrad, Markus Klausecker, Tobias Klein, Gregor Kassl,
                                                               Wolfgang Leitgeb, Marion Lattenmayer, Karin Miesenberger, Martin Oberascher,
                                                               Alexander Ott, Florian Pfeifer, Mark Steinmetz, Siegrid Steinwender, Andrea Schöning,
                                                               Anja Sorger, Gernot Stangl, Katharina Schneider, Martina von Tippelskirch,
                                                               Ekkehard Rehfeld, Wolfgang Ruthensteiner, Philip Vogt, Beatrix Basting,
                                                               Andrea Christmann, Patrick Ehrhardt, Manfred Herrmann, Robert Huebser,
                                                               Florian Schafschetzy, Kristina Schinegger, Pascal Vauclair; Andreas Weissenbach,
                                                               Lukas Haller, Goswin Rothenthal, Akvile Rimantaite; Tamas Horvath

                         Strutturisti Structural engineering   B+G Ingenieure, Bollinger und Grohmann GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
                                                                                                                                                       Markus Buck




                         Impiantisti Mechanical engineering    Kühn Bauer + Partner, Munich, Germany

                         Realizzazione Completion time         2001 (start of construction) – 2007 (scheduled opening)

                         Superficie totale Gross floor area    25.000m2                                                                                1




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 134                                                                                                                                     19-02-2007 21:12:16
134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 135   19-02-2007 21:12:22
Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco                     La grande copertura progettata per la BMW AG          del quale vuoti e pieni si alternano in maniera       1
                                                                                                                                                               Vista generale d’insieme
                                                   da COOP HIMMELB(L)AU a Monaco di Baviera,             osmotica quasi come se il tutto fosse un organi-      2
                                                   in Germania, è molto più di un normale “tetto”        smo vivente che respira. Ecco allora che trovia-      Viste del plastico di studio
                                                   necessario per proteggere l’edificio sottostante      mo volumi isolati e masse costruite, intervalla-      con in primo piano il cono
                                                   e chi lo vive: rappresenta piuttosto un contri-       te da ampie superfici completamente libere. Il        di vetro
                                                                                                                                                               3
                                                   buto critico nei confronti della città contempo-      nuovo edificio sintetizza, alla scala architettoni-   Vista della struttura
                                                   ranea, una vera e propria strategia esistenziale      ca, la dinamicità della città contemporanea oc-       tridimensionale interna
                                                   che i progettisti sintetizzano e proclamano cri-      cidentale, dove la pianificazione urbanistica e la    in acciaio e di uno dei
                                                   ticamente attraverso la propria idea di archi-        perfetta organizzazione del territorio vengono        lucernari in vetro
                                                   tettura. Si tratta, quindi, di una reale proposta     sostituite dalla velocità di trasformazione, dalla
                                                   comportamentale espressa attraverso i propri          imprevedibilità degli assetti socio-economici e
                                                   progetti: grandi spazi coperti come nuovi luo-        dalla continua metamorfosi che l’intero tessuto
                                                   ghi per la collettività.                              urbano si trova ad affrontare quotidianamen-
                                                   Puntualmente, l’idea elaborata da Wolf D. Prix        te1. Coerentemente a questa ipotesi di lavoro,
                                                   e Helmut Swiczinsky + Partner, non si sottrae a       gli spazi interni sono stati plasmati in modo ta-
                                                   questa logica, anzi enfatizza la volontà di con-      le da creare una diversa densità spaziale e un
                                                   siderare un qualsiasi spazio, anche privato, co-      costante spazio fluido che consente al fruitore
                                                   me un luogo pubblico sempre vitale e capace           di attraversare tutto il volume architettonico
                                                   di aprirsi al resto della città. Un mondo, quello     in assoluta libertà, senza precisi o “corretti”
                                                   descritto da COOP HIMMELB(L)AU, dove il te-           percorsi. L’edificio, attualmente in costruzione
                                                   ma della grande copertura diventa l’occasione         e la cui ultimazione è prevista per l’estate del
                                                   per raccontare una storia; la storia di un edificio   2007, è l’esito di un concorso vinto da COOP
                                                   che in realtà è un grande telo sinuoso al di sotto    HIMMELB(L)AU nel 2001.




136
    Projects BMW Welt in Munich



                                  Gerald Zugmann




                                  2




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 136                                                                                                                                                              19-02-2007 21:12:25
Hélène Binet




                                         3




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 137   19-02-2007 21:12:31
Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco    4
                                  Pianta del primo livello
                                  fuori terra con evidenziato
                                  il percorso sopraelevato
                                  che attraversa l’intero
                                  spazio espositivo e lo
                                  collega al cono di vetro
                                  5
                                  Pianta del secondo livello
                                  fuori terra destinato ad
                                  uffici e show-room
                                  6
                                  Pianta del terzo livello
                                  fuori terra con la
                                  proiezione della griglia
                                  tridimensionale esterna
                                  di copertura che si
                                  contorce in corrispondenza




                                                                 COOP HIMMELB(L)AU
                                  del cono di vetro
                                  7
                                  Pianta del piano terra
                                  destinato a spazio
                                  espositivo per le
                                  automobili
                                  8
                                  Sezione longitudinale
                                  che consente di leggere        4
                                  l’andamento osmotico
                                  della grande copertura




138
                                  1
                                  Overall view
                                                                 COOP HIMMELB(L)AU




                                  2
                                  Views of studio model
                                  with the glass cone in
                                  the foreground
                                  3
                                  View of three-dimensional
                                  interior in steel and one of
                                  the glass skylights
                                  4                              5
                                  Plan of first above-ground
                                  level showing the overhead
                                  passageway that traverses
                                  the entire display area
                                  and connects it to the glass
                                  cone
                                  5
                                  Plan of second above-
                                  ground level to be used
                                  for offices and show-room
                                  6
                                  Plan of third above-ground
                                  level with projection of
                                  the exterior roofing three-
                                  dimensional grid that
    Projects BMW Welt in Munich




                                  twists and contorts in the
                                  vicinity of the glass cone
                                  7
                                  Plan of ground floor to
                                  be used as display area
                                  for automobiles
                                  8
                                  Longitudinal section
                                  showing the osmotic
                                                                 COOP HIMMELB(L)AU




                                  extent of the great roof




                                                                 6                   0   20       50m




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 138                                                              19-02-2007 21:12:34
COOP HIMMELB(L)AU




      7
      COOP HIMMELB(L)AU




      8                            0   5       20m




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 139           19-02-2007 21:12:39
Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco    Il programma era tale da consentire una piena           9
                                                                                          Esploso assonometrico
                                  libertà progettuale: 25.000 metri quadri il sito        con evidenziati i vari “strati”
                                  dell’area, 73.000 i metri quadri costruiti, distri-     della copertura ed
                                  buiti su sette livelli, tre interrati e quattro fuori   i collegamenti verticali
                                  terra per un totale di circa 24 metri di altezza        10
                                                                                          Vista zenitale della
                                  dalla quota 0.00; il tutto per un costo di circa        depressione della copertura
                                  100 milioni di euro e la creazione di almeno 200        sul cono di vetro
                                  nuovi posti di lavoro. L’edificio, lungo 180m, ha
                                  una larghezza variabile da 50 a 130m. I numeri
                                  sono di quelli che contano e certamente la rap-
                                  presentazione architettonica che ne deriva non
                                  è al di sotto delle aspettative, sia per la com-
                                  plessità delle soluzioni tecnologiche e struttu-
                                  rali adottate che per la spettacolare immagine
                                  finale, il cui scopo ultimo è proprio quello di
                                  proporre la nuova architettura come icona ori-
                                  ginale e rappresentativa, e pertanto fortemente
                                  riconoscibile, del marchio BMW AG.
                                  La copertura è stata realizzata attraverso un
                                  sofisticato sistema costruttivo basato su una
                                  doppia maglia reticolare spaziale in acciaio di
                                  5x5m; queste griglie tridimensionali sovrappo-
                                  ste hanno la particolarità di essere delle griglie
                                  stirate, ovvero deformate in modo da ottenere
                                  una configurazione spaziale capace di assecon-
                                  dare le forme morbide e sinuose del progetto
                                  architettonico senza pregiudicarne la resisten-
                                  za statica e quindi la funzione portante princi-
                                  pale alla quale la copertura deve rispondere.
                                  La complessità del disegno delle due griglie
                                  strutturali (una superiore ed una inferiore)
                                  deriva dalla rotazione su se stesso del grande
                                  volume in vetro utilizzato come spazio espositi-
                                  vo e caratterizzato al suo interno da una rampa
                                  pedonale che consente di percorrere il vuoto


140
                                  The great roof designed for BMW AG by COOP              9
                                  HIMMELB(L)AU at Munich, Germany, is much                Axiometric exploded view
                                                                                          showing the various “layers”
                                  more than an ordinary roof necessary to pro-            of the roofing and the
                                  tect a building below it and those inside it. It        vertical connections
                                  represents, instead, a critical contribution to         10
                                  the contemporary city, a veritable existential          Zenith view of the
                                                                                          depression in the roof over
                                  strategy that the designers synthesize and pro-         the glass cone
                                  clam critically through their own concept of
                                                                                                                            COOP HIMMELB(L)AU




                                  architecture. It is, then, a real behavioral pro-
                                  posal, expressed through their projects: great
                                  roofed spaces as new places for collective life.
                                  The idea developed by Wolf D. Prix and Helmut
                                  Swiczinsky + Partner does not depart from this
                                  logic, but on the contrary emphasizes the con-                                            9
                                  cept of considering a space of any kind, even
                                  a private one, as a public place, always vitally
                                  alive, opening out to the rest of the city. In the
                                  world described by COOP HIMMELB(L)AU, the
                                  theme of the great roof also becomes the occa-
                                  sion for narrating a history: that of a building
                                  which is in reality a gigantic sinuous canvas
    Projects BMW Welt in Munich




                                  below which fullness and voids alternate osmo-
                                  tically as in a living, breathing organism. Here
                                  then we find isolated volumes and constructed
                                  masses, alternating with broad surfaces that
                                  are entirely blank. The new building synthe-
                                  sizes, on the architectural scale, the dynamism
                                  of the contemporary western city, where urban
                                  planning and perfect territorial organization
                                  have been superseded by rapidity of transfor-
                                  mation, unforeseeable socio-economic chan-
                                  ges and the ceaseless metamorphosis to which
                                  the entire urban fabric is subjected each day1.
                                  In keeping with this working hypothesis, the
                                  interiors have been moulded to create a diffe-




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 140                                                                                                                19-02-2007 21:12:41
Hélène Binet
                     Hélène Binet




     10 10




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 141    19-02-2007 21:12:43
Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco




142
                                  Hélène Binet




                                  11




                                                 rent spatial density and a flowing, unbroken           zable, icon of the BMW AG mark. The roofing          11
                                                 space in which the entire architectural volume         has been constructed through a sophisticated         Interior view of the main
                                                                                                                                                             bodies of the building
                                                 can be traversed, with no precisely indicated or       system based on a double reticular steel spa-        (“a castle”), protected
                                                 “correct” itineraries.                                 tial mesh of 5x5 meters. These superimposed          by the sinuous roofing
                                                 The building, now in the construction stage            three-dimensional grids are particular insofar       12
                                                 and scheduled for completion in the summer             as being stretched grids, forming a spatial con-     Detail of the reticular steel
                                                                                                                                                             spatial structure of the roof
                                                 of 2007, represents the result of a competition        figuration that can assume the gentle, sinuous
                                                 won by COOP HIMMELB(L)AU in 2001. The                  forms of the architectural project without im-
                                                 program allowed full design freedom: 25,000m2          pairing the static strength and thus the bearing
                                                 the site of the area, 73,000m2 of it built over, di-   function that is essential to the roof.
                                                 stributed on several levels, three underground         The complexity of the design of the two struc-
    Projects BMW Welt in Munich




                                                 and four above ground, for a total of around 24        tural grids (an upper and a lower one) derives
                                                 meters of height above ground level; the whole         from the rotation on itself of the great glazed
                                                 amounting to a cost of about 100 million euros,        volume serving as display area and distin-
                                                 and creating at least 200 new jobs. The buil-          guished inside by a pedestrians’ ramp rising
                                                 ding is 180m long, with a width ranging from           for the entire height of the the central void. The
                                                 50 to 130m.                                            deformation of the upper grid derives from the
                                                 These figures are important ones, and the ar-          depression created at the center of the glazed
                                                 chitectural representation deriving from them          cone which, as if captured in a vortex that
                                                 has fulfilled all of the expectations, thanks to       draws it inward, rotates and twists, winding
                                                 the complexity of the technological and struc-         back on itself.
                                                 tural solutions adopted as well as to the specta-      The lower grid, that of the intrados, bends and
                                                 cular final image, whose ultimate goal is that of      models itself, twisting around the inner heli-
                                                 proposing the new architecture as an original          cal ramp. And this is not the only remarkable
                                                 and representative, and thus forcefully recogni-       feature.




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 142                                                                                                                                                             19-02-2007 21:12:48
11                               centrale in tutta la sua altezza: la deformazione     fascino sprigionato da una vela increspata dal
                     Vista dei principali corpi di
                     fabbrica interni (“a castle”),   della griglia superiore deriva dalla depressio-       vento che delicatamente si adagia sopra i volu-
                     protetti dalla copertura         ne creata al centro del cono vetrato che, come        mi sparsi sottostanti per proteggerli e ripararli:
                     dall’andamento sinuoso           catturata da un vortice che l’attira verso di sé,     “a castle is still a castle”2.
                     12                               ruota e si contorce avvolgendosi su se stessa; la
                     Particolare della struttura
                     reticolare spaziale in acciaio   griglia inferiore, quella intradossale, si piega e    Note
                                                                                                            1
                     della copertura                  si modella avvitandosi intorno alla rampa eli-          È interessante riflettere sull’immagine evo-
                                                      coidale interna.                                      cata dalle parole espresse dallo studio COOP
                                                      Non solo: questa enorme copertura, oltre ad           HIMMELB(L)AU che indaga criticamente sulla
                                                      avere delle notevoli qualità plastiche offre, gra-    condizione attuale della città contemporanea:
                                                      zie all’intercapedine vuota che si viene a creare     “Today, our urban interventions take place in
                                                      tra le due griglie sovrapposte, la possibilità di     an amorphous and imponderable space, com-
                                                      ottimizzare il consumo di energia necessaria          parable to chess figures moved across a hori-
                                                      per il riscaldamento ed il condizionamento dei        zontal screen with white noise” (in www.coop-
                                                      locali interni attraverso un sistema di ventila-      himmelblau.at).
                                                                                                            2
                                                      zione naturale capace di regolare e controllare          L’espressione riprende quanto detto dallo
                                                      il flusso di aria calda e fredda e di capitalizzare   studio COOP HIMMELB(L)AU in relazione al-
                                                      l’energia solare in modo passivo. La dimensione       la riflessione riportata nella nota precedente:
                                                      di questa intercapedine, vero e proprio polmo-        “The grid of the chessboard has disappeared
                                                      ne e anima dell’intero edificio, aumenta e dimi-      and along with it the clear rules determining
                                                      nuisce in funzione dello spazio sottostante sia       how the figures on it are to be moved. Yet the
                                                      in direzione trasversale che longitudinale: ne        figures have remained; a castle is still a castle.
                                                      deriva una forma complessa e articolata molto         And its moves are still significant, even thou-
                                                      suggestiva e di grande impatto architettonico         gh the coordinates of its moves can no longer
                                                      capace di annullare il peso della grande coper-       be determined as easily as they used to be” (in
                                                      tura; così leggera e sinuosa acquista lo stesso       www.coop-himmelblau.at).
      Hélène Binet




     12




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 143                                                                                                                                 19-02-2007 21:12:51
Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco




144
                                  Marcus Buck




                                  13




                                                The enormous roof possesses notable plastic           Notes                                                13
                                                qualities, and the air gap between the two su-        1
                                                                                                        It is interesting to reflect on the image ex-      Zenith view of the
                                                                                                                                                           depression in the roof over
                                                perimposed grids serves to optimize the con-          pressed by the studio COOP HIMMELB(L)AU,             the glass cone
                                                sumption of energy required for heating and           which critically surveys the current contion of      14
                                                air-conditioning the interiors through a natural      the contemporary city: “Today, our urban inter-      Detail of the helical ramp
                                                ventilation system that regulates and controls        ventions take place in an amorphous and im-          inside the glass cone
    Projects BMW Welt in Munich




                                                                                                                                                           15
                                                the flow of warm and cool air, while capturing        ponderable space, comparable to chess figures        Interior view of the glass
                                                solar energy in the passive mode. The size of         moved across a horizontal screen with white          cone with the pedestrian’s
                                                this air gap, the lung and soul of the entire bui-    noise” (in www.coop-himmelblau.at).                  ramp in the foreground
                                                                                                      2
                                                lding, increases or decreases in relation to the        The expression refers to what the studio
                                                space below it, in both the transverse and the        COOP HIMMELB(L)AU has said in relation to
                                                longitudinal sense.                                   the statement made in the preceding footnote:
                                                This gives rise to a strikingly complex shape         “The grid of the chessboard has disappeared
                                                of great architectural impact, capable of nul-        and along with it the clear rules determining
                                                lifying the weight of the great roof. Light and       how the figures on it are to be moved. Yet the
                                                sinuous as it is, the roof takes on the fascinating   figures have remained; a castle is still a castle.
                                                impetus of a veil lowing in the wind, resting         And its moves are still significant, even though
                                                delicately over the volumes distributed below         the coordinates of its moves can no longer be
                                                it to protect and shelter them: “a castle is still    determined as easily as they used to be” (in
                                                a castle”2.                                           www.coop-himmelblau.at).




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 144                                                                                                                                                         19-02-2007 21:12:55
13
        Vista zenitale della
        depressione della copertura
        sul cono di vetro
        14
        Particolare dello sviluppo
        della rampa elicoidale
        interna al cono di vetro
        15
        Vista interna del cono di
        vetro con in primo piano la
        rampa pedonale




                                               COOP HIMMELB(L)AU
                                              14




                                               Marcus Buck




                                              15




134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 145      19-02-2007 21:13:01

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BMW Welt in Munich

  • 1. Progetti 134 Projects COOP HIMMELB(L)AU BMW Welt in Munich text by Marcello Marchesini Località Location Munich, Germany Cliente Client BMW AG, Munich, Germany Progettazione Design and planning COOP HIMMELB(L)AU Wolf D. Prix, Helmut Swiczinsky + Partner Capo progetto Project architect Paul Kath Co-progettisti Günther Weber, Penelope Rüttimann, Renate Weissenböck Partial Project Architects Markus Hennig, Verena Perius, Mona Marbach, Tom Wiscombe Collaboratori Project team Hans Aescht, Antje Bulthaup, Guy Bébié, Johannes Behrens, Timo Carl, Ing Tse Chen, Wolfgang Fiel, Volker Gessendorfer, Jens Hof, Waltraut Hohenender, Martin Jurycz, Astrid Jagersberger, Martin Konrad, Markus Klausecker, Tobias Klein, Gregor Kassl, Wolfgang Leitgeb, Marion Lattenmayer, Karin Miesenberger, Martin Oberascher, Alexander Ott, Florian Pfeifer, Mark Steinmetz, Siegrid Steinwender, Andrea Schöning, Anja Sorger, Gernot Stangl, Katharina Schneider, Martina von Tippelskirch, Ekkehard Rehfeld, Wolfgang Ruthensteiner, Philip Vogt, Beatrix Basting, Andrea Christmann, Patrick Ehrhardt, Manfred Herrmann, Robert Huebser, Florian Schafschetzy, Kristina Schinegger, Pascal Vauclair; Andreas Weissenbach, Lukas Haller, Goswin Rothenthal, Akvile Rimantaite; Tamas Horvath Strutturisti Structural engineering B+G Ingenieure, Bollinger und Grohmann GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany Markus Buck Impiantisti Mechanical engineering Kühn Bauer + Partner, Munich, Germany Realizzazione Completion time 2001 (start of construction) – 2007 (scheduled opening) Superficie totale Gross floor area 25.000m2 1 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 134 19-02-2007 21:12:16
  • 2. 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 135 19-02-2007 21:12:22
  • 3. Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco La grande copertura progettata per la BMW AG del quale vuoti e pieni si alternano in maniera 1 Vista generale d’insieme da COOP HIMMELB(L)AU a Monaco di Baviera, osmotica quasi come se il tutto fosse un organi- 2 in Germania, è molto più di un normale “tetto” smo vivente che respira. Ecco allora che trovia- Viste del plastico di studio necessario per proteggere l’edificio sottostante mo volumi isolati e masse costruite, intervalla- con in primo piano il cono e chi lo vive: rappresenta piuttosto un contri- te da ampie superfici completamente libere. Il di vetro 3 buto critico nei confronti della città contempo- nuovo edificio sintetizza, alla scala architettoni- Vista della struttura ranea, una vera e propria strategia esistenziale ca, la dinamicità della città contemporanea oc- tridimensionale interna che i progettisti sintetizzano e proclamano cri- cidentale, dove la pianificazione urbanistica e la in acciaio e di uno dei ticamente attraverso la propria idea di archi- perfetta organizzazione del territorio vengono lucernari in vetro tettura. Si tratta, quindi, di una reale proposta sostituite dalla velocità di trasformazione, dalla comportamentale espressa attraverso i propri imprevedibilità degli assetti socio-economici e progetti: grandi spazi coperti come nuovi luo- dalla continua metamorfosi che l’intero tessuto ghi per la collettività. urbano si trova ad affrontare quotidianamen- Puntualmente, l’idea elaborata da Wolf D. Prix te1. Coerentemente a questa ipotesi di lavoro, e Helmut Swiczinsky + Partner, non si sottrae a gli spazi interni sono stati plasmati in modo ta- questa logica, anzi enfatizza la volontà di con- le da creare una diversa densità spaziale e un siderare un qualsiasi spazio, anche privato, co- costante spazio fluido che consente al fruitore me un luogo pubblico sempre vitale e capace di attraversare tutto il volume architettonico di aprirsi al resto della città. Un mondo, quello in assoluta libertà, senza precisi o “corretti” descritto da COOP HIMMELB(L)AU, dove il te- percorsi. L’edificio, attualmente in costruzione ma della grande copertura diventa l’occasione e la cui ultimazione è prevista per l’estate del per raccontare una storia; la storia di un edificio 2007, è l’esito di un concorso vinto da COOP che in realtà è un grande telo sinuoso al di sotto HIMMELB(L)AU nel 2001. 136 Projects BMW Welt in Munich Gerald Zugmann 2 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 136 19-02-2007 21:12:25
  • 4. Hélène Binet 3 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 137 19-02-2007 21:12:31
  • 5. Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco 4 Pianta del primo livello fuori terra con evidenziato il percorso sopraelevato che attraversa l’intero spazio espositivo e lo collega al cono di vetro 5 Pianta del secondo livello fuori terra destinato ad uffici e show-room 6 Pianta del terzo livello fuori terra con la proiezione della griglia tridimensionale esterna di copertura che si contorce in corrispondenza COOP HIMMELB(L)AU del cono di vetro 7 Pianta del piano terra destinato a spazio espositivo per le automobili 8 Sezione longitudinale che consente di leggere 4 l’andamento osmotico della grande copertura 138 1 Overall view COOP HIMMELB(L)AU 2 Views of studio model with the glass cone in the foreground 3 View of three-dimensional interior in steel and one of the glass skylights 4 5 Plan of first above-ground level showing the overhead passageway that traverses the entire display area and connects it to the glass cone 5 Plan of second above- ground level to be used for offices and show-room 6 Plan of third above-ground level with projection of the exterior roofing three- dimensional grid that Projects BMW Welt in Munich twists and contorts in the vicinity of the glass cone 7 Plan of ground floor to be used as display area for automobiles 8 Longitudinal section showing the osmotic COOP HIMMELB(L)AU extent of the great roof 6 0 20 50m 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 138 19-02-2007 21:12:34
  • 6. COOP HIMMELB(L)AU 7 COOP HIMMELB(L)AU 8 0 5 20m 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 139 19-02-2007 21:12:39
  • 7. Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco Il programma era tale da consentire una piena 9 Esploso assonometrico libertà progettuale: 25.000 metri quadri il sito con evidenziati i vari “strati” dell’area, 73.000 i metri quadri costruiti, distri- della copertura ed buiti su sette livelli, tre interrati e quattro fuori i collegamenti verticali terra per un totale di circa 24 metri di altezza 10 Vista zenitale della dalla quota 0.00; il tutto per un costo di circa depressione della copertura 100 milioni di euro e la creazione di almeno 200 sul cono di vetro nuovi posti di lavoro. L’edificio, lungo 180m, ha una larghezza variabile da 50 a 130m. I numeri sono di quelli che contano e certamente la rap- presentazione architettonica che ne deriva non è al di sotto delle aspettative, sia per la com- plessità delle soluzioni tecnologiche e struttu- rali adottate che per la spettacolare immagine finale, il cui scopo ultimo è proprio quello di proporre la nuova architettura come icona ori- ginale e rappresentativa, e pertanto fortemente riconoscibile, del marchio BMW AG. La copertura è stata realizzata attraverso un sofisticato sistema costruttivo basato su una doppia maglia reticolare spaziale in acciaio di 5x5m; queste griglie tridimensionali sovrappo- ste hanno la particolarità di essere delle griglie stirate, ovvero deformate in modo da ottenere una configurazione spaziale capace di assecon- dare le forme morbide e sinuose del progetto architettonico senza pregiudicarne la resisten- za statica e quindi la funzione portante princi- pale alla quale la copertura deve rispondere. La complessità del disegno delle due griglie strutturali (una superiore ed una inferiore) deriva dalla rotazione su se stesso del grande volume in vetro utilizzato come spazio espositi- vo e caratterizzato al suo interno da una rampa pedonale che consente di percorrere il vuoto 140 The great roof designed for BMW AG by COOP 9 HIMMELB(L)AU at Munich, Germany, is much Axiometric exploded view showing the various “layers” more than an ordinary roof necessary to pro- of the roofing and the tect a building below it and those inside it. It vertical connections represents, instead, a critical contribution to 10 the contemporary city, a veritable existential Zenith view of the depression in the roof over strategy that the designers synthesize and pro- the glass cone clam critically through their own concept of COOP HIMMELB(L)AU architecture. It is, then, a real behavioral pro- posal, expressed through their projects: great roofed spaces as new places for collective life. The idea developed by Wolf D. Prix and Helmut Swiczinsky + Partner does not depart from this logic, but on the contrary emphasizes the con- 9 cept of considering a space of any kind, even a private one, as a public place, always vitally alive, opening out to the rest of the city. In the world described by COOP HIMMELB(L)AU, the theme of the great roof also becomes the occa- sion for narrating a history: that of a building which is in reality a gigantic sinuous canvas Projects BMW Welt in Munich below which fullness and voids alternate osmo- tically as in a living, breathing organism. Here then we find isolated volumes and constructed masses, alternating with broad surfaces that are entirely blank. The new building synthe- sizes, on the architectural scale, the dynamism of the contemporary western city, where urban planning and perfect territorial organization have been superseded by rapidity of transfor- mation, unforeseeable socio-economic chan- ges and the ceaseless metamorphosis to which the entire urban fabric is subjected each day1. In keeping with this working hypothesis, the interiors have been moulded to create a diffe- 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 140 19-02-2007 21:12:41
  • 8. Hélène Binet Hélène Binet 10 10 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 141 19-02-2007 21:12:43
  • 9. Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco 142 Hélène Binet 11 rent spatial density and a flowing, unbroken zable, icon of the BMW AG mark. The roofing 11 space in which the entire architectural volume has been constructed through a sophisticated Interior view of the main bodies of the building can be traversed, with no precisely indicated or system based on a double reticular steel spa- (“a castle”), protected “correct” itineraries. tial mesh of 5x5 meters. These superimposed by the sinuous roofing The building, now in the construction stage three-dimensional grids are particular insofar 12 and scheduled for completion in the summer as being stretched grids, forming a spatial con- Detail of the reticular steel spatial structure of the roof of 2007, represents the result of a competition figuration that can assume the gentle, sinuous won by COOP HIMMELB(L)AU in 2001. The forms of the architectural project without im- program allowed full design freedom: 25,000m2 pairing the static strength and thus the bearing the site of the area, 73,000m2 of it built over, di- function that is essential to the roof. stributed on several levels, three underground The complexity of the design of the two struc- Projects BMW Welt in Munich and four above ground, for a total of around 24 tural grids (an upper and a lower one) derives meters of height above ground level; the whole from the rotation on itself of the great glazed amounting to a cost of about 100 million euros, volume serving as display area and distin- and creating at least 200 new jobs. The buil- guished inside by a pedestrians’ ramp rising ding is 180m long, with a width ranging from for the entire height of the the central void. The 50 to 130m. deformation of the upper grid derives from the These figures are important ones, and the ar- depression created at the center of the glazed chitectural representation deriving from them cone which, as if captured in a vortex that has fulfilled all of the expectations, thanks to draws it inward, rotates and twists, winding the complexity of the technological and struc- back on itself. tural solutions adopted as well as to the specta- The lower grid, that of the intrados, bends and cular final image, whose ultimate goal is that of models itself, twisting around the inner heli- proposing the new architecture as an original cal ramp. And this is not the only remarkable and representative, and thus forcefully recogni- feature. 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 142 19-02-2007 21:12:48
  • 10. 11 centrale in tutta la sua altezza: la deformazione fascino sprigionato da una vela increspata dal Vista dei principali corpi di fabbrica interni (“a castle”), della griglia superiore deriva dalla depressio- vento che delicatamente si adagia sopra i volu- protetti dalla copertura ne creata al centro del cono vetrato che, come mi sparsi sottostanti per proteggerli e ripararli: dall’andamento sinuoso catturata da un vortice che l’attira verso di sé, “a castle is still a castle”2. 12 ruota e si contorce avvolgendosi su se stessa; la Particolare della struttura reticolare spaziale in acciaio griglia inferiore, quella intradossale, si piega e Note 1 della copertura si modella avvitandosi intorno alla rampa eli- È interessante riflettere sull’immagine evo- coidale interna. cata dalle parole espresse dallo studio COOP Non solo: questa enorme copertura, oltre ad HIMMELB(L)AU che indaga criticamente sulla avere delle notevoli qualità plastiche offre, gra- condizione attuale della città contemporanea: zie all’intercapedine vuota che si viene a creare “Today, our urban interventions take place in tra le due griglie sovrapposte, la possibilità di an amorphous and imponderable space, com- ottimizzare il consumo di energia necessaria parable to chess figures moved across a hori- per il riscaldamento ed il condizionamento dei zontal screen with white noise” (in www.coop- locali interni attraverso un sistema di ventila- himmelblau.at). 2 zione naturale capace di regolare e controllare L’espressione riprende quanto detto dallo il flusso di aria calda e fredda e di capitalizzare studio COOP HIMMELB(L)AU in relazione al- l’energia solare in modo passivo. La dimensione la riflessione riportata nella nota precedente: di questa intercapedine, vero e proprio polmo- “The grid of the chessboard has disappeared ne e anima dell’intero edificio, aumenta e dimi- and along with it the clear rules determining nuisce in funzione dello spazio sottostante sia how the figures on it are to be moved. Yet the in direzione trasversale che longitudinale: ne figures have remained; a castle is still a castle. deriva una forma complessa e articolata molto And its moves are still significant, even thou- suggestiva e di grande impatto architettonico gh the coordinates of its moves can no longer capace di annullare il peso della grande coper- be determined as easily as they used to be” (in tura; così leggera e sinuosa acquista lo stesso www.coop-himmelblau.at). Hélène Binet 12 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 143 19-02-2007 21:12:51
  • 11. Progetti BMW Welt a Monaco 144 Marcus Buck 13 The enormous roof possesses notable plastic Notes 13 qualities, and the air gap between the two su- 1 It is interesting to reflect on the image ex- Zenith view of the depression in the roof over perimposed grids serves to optimize the con- pressed by the studio COOP HIMMELB(L)AU, the glass cone sumption of energy required for heating and which critically surveys the current contion of 14 air-conditioning the interiors through a natural the contemporary city: “Today, our urban inter- Detail of the helical ramp ventilation system that regulates and controls ventions take place in an amorphous and im- inside the glass cone Projects BMW Welt in Munich 15 the flow of warm and cool air, while capturing ponderable space, comparable to chess figures Interior view of the glass solar energy in the passive mode. The size of moved across a horizontal screen with white cone with the pedestrian’s this air gap, the lung and soul of the entire bui- noise” (in www.coop-himmelblau.at). ramp in the foreground 2 lding, increases or decreases in relation to the The expression refers to what the studio space below it, in both the transverse and the COOP HIMMELB(L)AU has said in relation to longitudinal sense. the statement made in the preceding footnote: This gives rise to a strikingly complex shape “The grid of the chessboard has disappeared of great architectural impact, capable of nul- and along with it the clear rules determining lifying the weight of the great roof. Light and how the figures on it are to be moved. Yet the sinuous as it is, the roof takes on the fascinating figures have remained; a castle is still a castle. impetus of a veil lowing in the wind, resting And its moves are still significant, even though delicately over the volumes distributed below the coordinates of its moves can no longer be it to protect and shelter them: “a castle is still determined as easily as they used to be” (in a castle”2. www.coop-himmelblau.at). 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 144 19-02-2007 21:12:55
  • 12. 13 Vista zenitale della depressione della copertura sul cono di vetro 14 Particolare dello sviluppo della rampa elicoidale interna al cono di vetro 15 Vista interna del cono di vetro con in primo piano la rampa pedonale COOP HIMMELB(L)AU 14 Marcus Buck 15 134_145 Coop Himmelblau.indd 145 19-02-2007 21:13:01