This document discusses strategies for migrating workloads to the cloud. It begins by providing an overview of cloud trends, such as the rise of hybrid cloud environments. It then discusses common approaches to cloud migrations, such as backing up on-premises data and restoring it in the cloud, which can be inefficient. The document emphasizes the need to optimize environments for the cloud before migrating in order to reduce costs associated with storage usage and data transfers. It also stresses the importance of masking confidential data rather than just encrypting it when used in non-production environments. The document provides recommendations around monitoring performance in the cloud and choosing cloud monitoring tools to aid in migrations.

1. Making Cloud Migrations a Piece of Cake
Knowledge is Power
Kellyn Pot’Vin-Gorman| Technical Intelligence Manager, Delphix

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Kellyn Pot’Vin-Gorman
Technical Intelligence Manager for the Office
of CTO, Delphix
• Multi-platform DBA, (Oracle, MSSQL, MySQL,
Sybase, Postgres…..)
• Oracle ACE Director, (Alumni)
• Oak Table Network
• APEX Women in Technology Award, CTA 2014
• STEM education with Raspberry Pi and Python
• Liaison for Denver SQL Server User Group
• Rocky Mountain Oracle Training Days
Conference Director and Board Director
• Author, blogger, (http://dbakevlar.com)

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Cloud Trends
 85% of Enterprises have a multi-cloud strategy
 77% are hybrid cloud, (different than the 2017 cloud survey)
 Workloads are being run in the cloud-
- 41% in public clouds
- 38% in private clouds
 Enterprise Companies are choosing cloud
- 65% want public cloud
- 63% want private cloud solutions
- 93% will be hybrid
State of the Cloud Survey, RightScale

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This trend will only increase in the next five years as cloud
continues to overtake the industry

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Source: Right Scale State of the Cloud 2016
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Physical Machine Virtual Machine Private Cloud Public Cloud
2017
2018
2019
Enterprise Company Cloud Migrations, 2017-2019

6. Cloud Adoption and How It’s Changing
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Public Cloud Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud Any Cloud
2016
2017
2018
http://www.rightscale.com/blog/cloud-industry-insights/cloud-computing-trends-2017-state-cloud-survey

7. Who’s Who
 Azure’s market penetration
 Up from 20% to 34%
 AWS has remained flat, (data before S3 outage)
 Google was up 10-15% before S3 outage
 Rackspace still owns some of the landscape
 Oracle is making headway in the SaaS arena, (Software as a Service)
 IBM? Archaic is the Future? MaaS, (Mainframe as a Service)

8. Cloud by Provider
Cloud Endure 2017
Trivia: Which Cloud
Vendor benefitted most
from the Amazon S3
outage?
Amazon
Microsoft
Google
IBM
Oracle
Other

9. Amazon Web Services
• Owning the space
• New innovations
• New Migrations tools
• New Performance tools

10. Microsoft
• Incredible percentage of business from:
• Database
• Application
• Bare Metal

11. Google
 CloudSQL = MySQL and PostgreSQL
 Cloudspanner = RDBMS
 Cloud Bigtabe = NoSQL

12. Oracle Cloud(s)
 IaaS, PaaS and SaaS, oh my!
 BareMetal
 Cloud Marketplace
Trivia: What year
did Larry introduce
the Oracle Cloud?

13. Oracle’s Sweet Spot
Software as a Service

14. Rackspace??
Moving from being a cloud provider, to supporting your cloud choices.

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Why Move to the Cloud?
Savings!!
• Cost
• Resource
• Storage
• Time
Well, that depends on….
• Price per Gb
• Complexity
• SLAs
• Minimizing Data
Footprint
• Removing Data-in-
Flight

17. Sticker Shock
 Estimates on Wasted Cloud Expenditures
 30% of cloud is wasted
 When measured, it was closer to 45%
 Best Tool to Impact Waste?
 Docker
 Vmware Vsphere leads with 42% adoption
 Azure Pack/Stack is private cloud that shows significant growth from 10-14%
 Cloud vendors profit from vendor lock-in.

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1. Just copy data and applications into the cloud…
◻ Straightforward approach
 Inefficient, non-incremental for large environments
 Insecure, physical file transfers
 A truck, (yes, I’m looking at you, “snowmachine”)
 Archaic processes recommended by vendors
2. Start with backups to IaaS storage, then populate re-hosted applications
by restoring from those backups
◻ Cloud backups are easy, known technology
How Are Companies Migrating to the Cloud?

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Backups cloud service: from on-premises to the Cloud, then
restore- Assumption
Database server
Cloud Storage
Database server

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Migration Complete…Not so Much…
• Even if only development or test has been migrated to the
cloud…
• Data is migrated, but this doesn’t count for ongoing data loads,
application connectivity across the network.
• To refresh will take considerable time to perform.
• Rarely a consideration for the difference in cost structure for
processing large amounts of data from on-premise to the cloud.

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Network, the New Bottleneck
• Few tools identify network latency in terms of percentage or
cause.
• Explore potential latency between cloud services and data
transfer conditions on contracts.
• Negotiate requirements before the agreement is signed and
data is handed over.
• Many organization are investing in a dedicated WAN for cloud
environments and operations.

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https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/brunoterkaly/2013/09/26/how-to-migrate-an-on-premises-sql-server-2012-database-to-windows-azure-sql-database/
How Microsoft Sees a Migration to Azure
How much
hardware do I
need??

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Cost Estimates for Cloud Vendors - Azure
Storage Capacity LRS ZRS
First 1 TB / Month $0.024 per GB $0.03 per GB
Next 49 TB (1 to 50 TB) / Month $0.0236 per GB $0.0295 per GB
Next 450 TB (50 to 500 TB) / Month $0.0232 per GB $0.029 per GB
Next 500 TB (500 to 1,000 TB) / Month $0.0228 per GB $0.0285 per GB
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/details/storage/blobs/

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Jeremiah Wilton, https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/dat205-new-launch-introduction-to-aws-database-
migration-service
Amazon Web Services

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https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/dat205-new-launch-introduction-to-aws-database-migration-service
Cross Platform Migration from AWS

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https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/dat205-new-launch-introduction-to-aws-database-migration-service
• Replicate data in on-premises databases to AWS
• Replicate OLTP data to Amazon Redshift
• Integrate tables from third-party software into your reporting or
• core OLTP systems
• Hybrid cloud is a stepping stone in migration to AWS
Amazon Cloud and AWS Choices

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• T2 pricing starts at $0.018 per Hour for T2.micro
• C4 pricing starts at $0.154 per Hour for C4.large
• 50GB GP2 storage included with T2 instances
• 100GB GP2 storage included with C4 instances
• Data transfer inbound and within AZ is free
• Data transfer across AZs starts at $0.01 per GB
https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/
AWS Pricing

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ProjectTimeline
Optimize
Migrate
Initial Testing
Requirements
Cloud Projects

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What’s Missing?
Over 90% of cloud projects don’t
perform a preliminary identification of
latency or data issues that will impact
the project.
No strategy to identify or optimize BEFORE migrating to the cloud.

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For Non-Production Systems…
- Change the way you’ve always performed tasks.
◻ Performing common tasks the same way as previously
might end up costing more.
- Secure Data
◻ All IaaS alternatives promote encryption for data in-flight
and for data at-rest, but encryption may not be the right
answer…
Secondary Considerations

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If you don’t optimize for the cloud before you migrate..
Different cost structures will come back to bite you-
◻ Much smaller storage footprint
◻ Update data-transfers between systems/applications
◻ Virtualize environments that have high percentage of
duplicate data
Why is there a Sticker Shock with the Cloud?

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Traditional copy data management techniques
- Developed without concerns about infrastructure chargeback
◻Nightly batchload ETLs
◻Traditional data pulls
◻Inefficient applications with thick database design
IaaS vendors monitor storage and data transfers
- Help meet SLAs, garner profits
- It’s not just the data that exists in the end, so transformations can equal
big money for cloud vendors.
Cost Structures?

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Why Less Focus on Thin Provisioning
Storage costs
Thin-provisioning storage avoidance = $$$
Data transfer costs
Far less data transferred during provisioning/refresh operations
• As opposed to the volume of data transferred using traditional
cloning techniques
Network-attached storage data transfers offset somewhat
• Most non-production usage modifies or accesses only a tiny
proportion of the total database during lifetime

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Cloud and Performance
KNOW THY ENEMY…
• Tune SQL and Apps to perform efficiently as possible- natural life of
database is growth, (in processes, resources, etc.) before migrating.
• The less network latency, the better- network tracing to eliminate
database blame is important.
• Many of the same tools and data provides value- The AWR,
(Automatic Workload Repository) is your friend!
• Take advantage of cloud monitoring tools that can ease the learning
curve as you migrate to the cloud.

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https://www.channele2e.com/2016/01/21/top-50-cloud-monitoring-and-management-tools-which-are-best/
1. Amazon CloudWatch
2. AppDynamics
3. Cloudmonix
4. Datadog
5. Dynatrace
6. Idera
7. Microsoft Cloud Monitoring
8. Nagios
9. New Relic
10.Solarwinds
The Best Cloud Monitoring and Management Tools,
(Alphabetically)

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Amazon Cloudwatch
• This is a monitoring service for AWS
cloud Collect and track metrics
• Collect and monitor log files
• Set alarms, and automatically react
to changes

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AppDynamics
https://docs.appdynamics.com/display/PRO14S/Architecture

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Cloudmonix, (formerly AzureWatch)
• Supports Azure
• Supports both Windows
and secondary Linux with
Azure
• Agent is required on all
hosts.

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Datadog
• Strong DevOps Deployment
• Docker, Jenkins compatible
• Support AWS, Google, IBM
• GUI can be overwhelming

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Dynatrace
• Manages both Linux and Windows hosts
• AWS, Azure, Cloud Foundry, OpenStack, OpenShift and more.
• Hybrid management console

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• Designed for service
providers, database
professionals and IT
professionals
• Monitor and manage data
center environments.
• Acquired CopperEgg platform
— now known as Uptime
Cloud Monitor.
Idera

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Microsoft Cloud Monitoring • Microsoft Centric cloud
monitoring tools.
• Migration assistant and IIS
assistant

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Nagios
• Has a network analyzer!
• Cloud support for Amazon, EC2/S3
• Offers log and application
performance monitoring
• Still has open source features

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New Relic
• Multi-tenant sourced
• Monitoring
• AWS, Azure and Google
• Requires agent installation

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Solarwinds

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All IaaS solutions provide encryption in-flight and encryption at-rest
- But encryption doesn’t protect data as much as it needs to be .
Europe already requires data masking, not just data encryption for any
confindential data:
- http://ec.europa.eu/justice/data-protection/article-
29/documentation/opinion-recommendation/files/2014/wp216_en.pdf
Confidential data

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Confidential data
Exposure
Production
Non-production

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Encryption is reversible data obfuscation, which is very different from
masking data.
• Data masking is non-reversible.
- It solves the issue at the data level.
Is authentication and authorization in non-production in compliance with
security goals?
- All organizations will soon need to review if critical data in non-
production environments be accessible to developers, testers
and users.
Confidential data

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- Masking personally-identifiable, (PII, HIPPA, PCI, etc.)
information renders it useless from a security
standpoint
- Resolves both the technical and personal
responsibility issue.
- The data can be masked before it moves to non-
production, removing unnecessary risk.
Why Masking is Important-

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Confidential data
Exposure
Production
Non-production
Encryption
Mask
Solution

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Virtualize and tune on-prem
Mask data before it’s in the cloud
• Smaller footprint before its in flight.
• It’s transformed by securely masking on-premises...
Then...
- securely virtualized data can be safely replicated to IaaS
Target Complete Solutions to Ease Management and
Vulnerability

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• Watch for Chargebacks
- Data in flight
- Minimize data footprint
• Use a cloud monitoring tool to simplify management.
• Confidential Data
- Data masking is often integrated with products and protects PCI,
PII, HIPPA and other confidential data.
Summary

53. Q&A
kellyn@delphix.com
http://dbakevlar.com
@DBAKevlar