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F Hale Presentation - Think Small Event
- 1. Bristol’s world leading centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information
- 6. But just how small is a nanometre? • The head of a pin: 2 mm = 2,000,000 nm • A human hair: 100 µm = 100,000 nm • A red blood cell: 10 µm = 10,000 nm • A Vaccina virus (Cowpox): 0.2 µm = 200 nm • A Rhinovirus (common cold): ca. 25 nm • A DNA strand is roughly 2 nm wide • A Glucose molecule: 1 nm
- 7. A matter of scale...
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- Low vibration – cast concrete high-mass construction, directly coupled to bedrock (Geology is good – Quartzitic sandstone), isolation blocks, keel slabs, plant isolated – lift, soft joint to neighbouring Physics building, tuneable working environment (plant off, Keel slab, isolation blocks and ground slab all have different natural frequencies). Choice of 2 Independent earths (no earth loops), Isolation transformers in corridor. i.e. Acoustic doors, ‘quiet’ door closers, thick walls, minimal wall penetrations (all insulated) Independent temperature control for each laboratory. Comfort and experimental air flows – which can be isolated by lab, floor and whole building if necessary. (switchable air duct dampers and roof plant controlled by BMS) Basement laboratories are complete Faraday cages (thankfully mobile phones don’t work!), no copper cat 5 cables (all fibre), all transformers (including those for emergency lighting and DC task lighting) are out in the corridors. Even the compressed air supply is plastic tubing to avoid it acting as an aerial in the labs.
- Diagram shows the smaller of our two keel slabs. Larger one has 8 air springs and weighs c.27 tons.
- Massimo’ s research in the centre is highly collaborative, focusing on understanding the different mechanisms regulating the activity of molecular motors, using novel extremely soft force sensors, combined with total internal reflection fluorescence to simultaneously monitor the chemical and mechanical activity of these proteins. Massimo is able to very accurately measure Kinesin molecular motors ‘walking’ in 8 nm steps Working with the E-ON International Research Initiative, Neil is working to develop lithiated nanoparticle diamond energy converters. His work aims to advance the understanding of the roles of lithium and nitrogen atom impurities in diamond, particularly how they influence surface and bulk carrier transport. Neil has located an Omicron Ultra-high Vacuum SPM in one of the super quiet ‘keel slab’’ labs in nsqi.
- Margaret ’s work in the centre is concerned with accessing the impact of nanoparticles, such as cobalt chromium, that are increasingly used in medicine. Her team have developed a human placental BeWo cell barrier model which she uses to understand the impacts of exposure of the unborn child to environmental pollutants in the womb and the development of allergies in early childhood. Jeremy has established the Centre for Quantum Photonics in the nsqi and part of their work focuses on Integrated Quantum Photonics. The team have been developing photonic devices including a primitive quantum computer that is capable of factoring 15 using Shor’s algorithm. The system works by channelling single photons through silica waveguides that are brought together to form a sequence of quantum logic gates. The output is determined by which particular waveguides the photons exit the chip. Not a difficult mathematical task but a significant proof of principle allowing the team to develop more complex quantum photonic devices.
- Dr. Peng is affiliated to the Advanced Composites Centre for Innovation and Science (ACCIS). His work in nsqi is with nanodiamond and nanocarbon for Aerospace applications. He is developing novel coatings that have applications in lightening strike protection, fuel tank bonding, anti-icing and abrasion resistance. Mervyn – DHA, HSAFM