1. Wikispaces
•year11historycbhs.wikispaces.c
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2. Irish nationalism
19th Century rise

3. Up to this point
•The Pope gives the English Sovereign
rule over Ireland. Henry II takes over
the pale, as Lord of Ireland.
•Henry VIII changes to Protestant and
attempts to destroy Irish Religion and
Culture.
•James I settles English and Scottish on
confiscated Irish land.

4. Up to this point
•Cromwell puts down an Irish rebellion
and Catholicism is banned.
•William III defeats James II and
establishes the Protestant
ascendency.
•The act of Union joins Ireland to
England, Scotland and Wales, and
abolishes the Irish parliament.

5. Leinster
Munster
Connacht
Ulster

6. Nationalism definition
• Devotion to the interests or culture of
one's nation.
• The belief that nations will benefit from
acting independently rather than
collectively, emphasizing national rather
than international goals.
• Aspirations for national independence in a
country under foreign domination.

7. The rise of nationalism
• Charles Parnell:
• “Why should Ireland be treated as a
geographical fragment of England? Ireland
is not a geographical fragment but a
nation.”
• Several groups set out to answer Parnell's
question at a time of change in Ireland, as
a number of historical grievances were
being remedied.

8. A time of change
• In 1869, the Church of Ireland (protestant)
was disestablished as the state church and
repealing the law the required tithes.
• Alongside this, over the following 40 year
period, a series of land acts allowed Irish
farmers to buy their land from their
landlords. Ending economic and social
bitterness.
• Why then, would nationalistic feelings rise
at this time?

9. Three nationalist groups
•Fenians
•This group demanded an end to
British control over Ireland and
the creation of an independent
Irish Republic. This was to be
achieved by violent revolutionary
activities.

10. Three nationalist groups
•Home rule
•This group wanted to change the
government of Ireland. They
wanted to establish an Irish
Government to look after home
affairs. They also wanted to
remain apart of the United
Kingdom.

11. Three nationalist groups
•Gaelic revival
•Their goal was to revive traditional
Gaelic aspects of Irish culture such as
language, societal traditions, and
culture; such as music, sports and
folklore.
•“To wean the youth of Ireland away
from subservience to foreign (British)
games.”

12. Fenians
•The most radical group, they were
formed in 1858 and later became
the I.R.B.
•They took their name from Gaelic
legend, as the Fenians were a
brave warrior group.

13. Fenians
•As an underground group, they
used violent and revolutionary
tactics. Between 1865-7 they
attempted two failed uprisings.
This lead to limited activity of
sporadic bombings attacks in
Britain.

14. Home rule
•This group had the greatest
impact on British policy. Started in
1870, it came to prominence
under Parnell.
•With their own parliament, Irish
affairs could be handled better
causing less public unrest.

15. Home rule
• The group continually used its British
parliament members (85 by 1885) to
disrupt proceedings with the goal of
getting the government to listen to their
demands.
• By 1886, the Irish members held the
balance of power between the liberal and
conservative parties.

16. Home rule
• Liberal Prime Minister Gladstone offered
Parnell home rule if they would support
them.
• The Ulster Unionist party was set up to
oppose home rule.
• But both home rule bills failed to pass
both houses.
• Continued failures and scandals left
supports disillusioned and looking
elsewhere.

17. Gaelic revival
• Started as the Gaelic Athletic Association in
1884.
• The founder, Cusack, sought the approval of the
Fenians, with early meetings containing 4 out of
7 being Fenians members.
• The group passes rules prohibiting British from
joining.
• This restores Irish identity but at a cost with an
association with the Fenians and British dislike.

18. Gaelic revival
• The Gaelic League, encouraged cultural aspects
of Ireland.
• They were popular with the middle class and
educated Irish.
• They had great influence on Irish authors, which
in turn lead to an increase in Irish identity.
• The league and the G.A.A. both played a role in
increasing nationalistic feelings and pride in Irish
culture.

19. Activities
•Complete:
•Task Five question A
•Task Six