Tutorials for RDF Graphs

1. Chapter: 2 (Tutorial)
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RDF Graphs:
Give the RDF/XML, Notation 3, triples for the following sentences and also draw the RDF graph.
1. The lecture is attended by Kishoj, Pradeep, Mohan and Dipendra.
RDF/XML:
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex = "http://example.org/"
>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/lecture">
<ex:isAttendedBy>
<rdf:Bag>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Kishoj"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Pradeep"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Mohan"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Dipendra"/>
</rdf:Bag>
</ex:isAttendedBy>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/>.
ex:lecture ex:isAttendedBy _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:type rdf:Bag;
rdf:_1 ex:Kishoj;
rdf:_2 ex:Pradeep;
rdf:_3 ex:Mohan;
rdf:_4 ex:Dipendra.
Triples:
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-
syntax-ns#Bag>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_1> <http://example.org/Kishoj>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_2> <http://example.org/Pradeep>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_3> <http://example.org/Mohan>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_4> <http://example.org/Dipendra>.
<http://example.org/lecture> <http://example.org/isAttendedBy> _:bnode1.

2. Chapter: 2 (Tutorial)
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2. [RDF-Concept] is studied by Kishoj and Pradeep in order.
RDF/XML:
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex = "http://example.org/"
>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/">
<ex:studiedBy>
<rdf:Seq>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Kishoj"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Pradeep"/>
</rdf:Seq>
</ex:studiedBy>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/>.
<http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/> ex:studiedBy _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:type rdf:Seq;
rdf:_1 ex:Kishoj;
rdf:_2 ex:Pradeep.
Triples:
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-
syntax-ns#Seq>.
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_1> <http://example.org/Kishoj>.
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_2> <http://example.org/Pradeep>.
<http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/> <http://example.org/studiedBy> _:b1.

3. Chapter: 2 (Tutorial)
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3. The software Mobile Tracker can be downloaded from three links link1or link2 or link3.
RDF/XML:
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex = "http://example.org/"
>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/MobileTraker">
<ex:sourceLocation>
<rdf:Alt>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Link1"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Link2"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource = "http://example.org/Link3"/>
</rdf:Alt>
</ex:sourceLocation>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/>.
ex:MobileTraker ex:sourceLocation _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:type rdf:Alt;
rdf:_1 ex:Link1;
rdf:_2 ex:Link2;
rdf:_3 ex:Link3.
Triples:
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-
syntax-ns#Alt>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_1> <http://example.org/Link1>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_2> <http://example.org/Link2>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_3> <http://example.org/Link3>.
<http://example.org/MobileTraker> <http://example.org/sourceLocation> _:bnode1.

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Convert the given graph to RDF/XML, Notation 3, turtle, triples and JSON.
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/stuff/1.0/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar"
dc:title="RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised)">
<ex:editor>
<rdf:Description ex:fullName="Dave Beckett">
<ex:homePage rdf:resource="http://purl.org/net/dajobe/" />
</rdf:Description>
</ex:editor>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>.
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/>.
<http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar> ex:editor
[ ex:fullName "Dave Beckett"; ex:homePage <http://purl.org/net/dajobe/> ];
dc:title "RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised)".
Turtle: .ttl extension:
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>.

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@prefix ex: <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/>.
<http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar> dc:title "RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised)";
ex:editor [ ex:fullname "Dave Beckett"; ex:homePage <http://purl.org/net/dajobe/>].
Triples:
<http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "RDF/XML Syntax
Specification (Revised)".
_:bnode1 <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/fullName> "Dave Beckett".
_:bnode1 <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/homePage> <http://purl.org/net/dajobe/>.
<http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar> <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/editor> _:bnode1.
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="http://example.org/favourite-fruit">
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://example.org/banana"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://example.org/apple"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://example.org/pear"/>
</rdf:Seq>
</rdf:RDF>
Tripes: .nt extension
<http://example.org/favourite-fruit> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>
<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Seq>.
<http://example.org/favourite-fruit> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_1>
<http://example.org/banana>.
<http://example.org/favourite-fruit> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_2>
<http://example.org/apple>.
<http://example.org/favourite-fruit> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_3>
<http://example.org/pear>.
Turtle to graph:
@prefix : <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
:a :b
[ rdf:first "apple";
rdf:rest [ rdf:first "banana";
rdf:rest rdf:nil ]
] .

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RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ns="http://example.org/stuff/1.0/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/stuff/1.0/a">
<ns:b>
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:first>apple</rdf:first>
<rdf:rest>
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:first>banana</rdf:first>
<rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil" />
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:rest>
</rdf:Description>
</ns:b>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Triples:
<http://example.org/stuff/1.0/a> <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/b> _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "apple".
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:bnode2.
_:bnode2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "banana".
_:bnode2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
ns#nil>.

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RDF collection of nodes using rdf:parseType="Collection"
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/stuff/1.0/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/basket">
<ex:hasFruit rdf:parseType="Collection">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/banana"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/apple"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/pear"/>
</ex:hasFruit>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
<http://example.org/basket> ex:hasFruit (<http://example.org/banana> <http://example.org/apple>
<http://example.org/pear>).
Triple:
<http://example.org/basket> <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/hasFruit> _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/banana>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/apple>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:bnode2.
_:bnode2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/pear>.
_:bnode2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:bnode3.
_:bnode3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
ns#nil>.
Differentiate between two RDF/XML statement.
1. <?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="http://example.org/favourite-fruit">
<rdf:_1 rdf:resource="http://example.org/banana"/>
<rdf:_2 rdf:resource="http://example.org/apple"/>
<rdf:_3 rdf:resource="http://example.org/pear"/>
</rdf:Seq>

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</rdf:RDF>
2. <?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="http://example.org/favourite-fruit">
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://example.org/banana"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://example.org/apple"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://example.org/pear"/>
</rdf:Seq>
</rdf:RDF>
Both are equivalent and produces same RDF graph as shown below in figure because rdf:li, special property
element, is equivalent to rdf:_1, rdf:_2 in order.
Complete example of rdf:datatype:
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/stuff/1.0/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/item01">
<ex:size rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int">123</ex:size>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Triples:
<http://example.org/item01> <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/size>
"123"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int>.
Notation 3:
@prefix eg: <http://example.org/>.
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/stuff/1.0/>.
eg:item01 ex:size "123".
Reification: statements about statements.
1. {:John :Loves :Mary} :accordingTo :Bill.
2. Mary claims that John’s name is “John Smith”.
3. Romeo thought that {Juliet was dead}.
Romeo thought that Juliet was dead.

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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/#romeo">
<ex:thought>
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:subject>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/#juliet"/>
</rdf:subject>
<rdf:predicate>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type"/>
</rdf:predicate>
<rdf:object>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/#dead"/>
</rdf:object>
</rdf:Description>
</ex:thought>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/romeo">
<ex:thought>
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:subject>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/juliet"/>
</rdf:subject>
<rdf:predicate>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/was"/>
</rdf:predicate>
<rdf:object>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/dead"/>
</rdf:object>
</rdf:Description>
</ex:thought>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:

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@prefix ex: <http://example.org/#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
ex:romeo ex:thought _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:subject ex:Juliet;
rdf:object ex:dead;
rdf:predicate rdf:type.
Triples:
<http://example.org/#romeo> <http://example.org/#thought> _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#subject> <http://example.org/#Juliet>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#predicate> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-
syntax-ns#type>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object> <http://example.org/#dead>.
John loves Mary, according to Bill.
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/bill">
<ex:thought>
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:subject>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/john"/>
</rdf:subject>
<rdf:predicate>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/love"/>
</rdf:predicate>
<rdf:object>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/mary"/>
</rdf:object>
</rdf:Description>
</ex:thought>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
ex:bill ex:thought _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:subject ex:john;

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rdf:predicate ex:love;
rdf:object ex:mary.
Triples:
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#subject> <http://example.org/john>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#predicate> <http://example.org/love>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object> <http://example.org/mary>.
<http://example.org/bill> <http://example.org/thought> _:bnode1.
Mary claims that John’s name is “John Smith”.
〈<#myStatement>, rdf:type, rdf:Statement〉
〈<#myStatement>, rdf:subject, <#john>〉
〈<#myStatement>, rdf:predicate, <#hasName>〉
〈<#myStatement>, rdf:object, ”John Smith”〉
〈<#mary>, <#claims>, <#myStatement>〉
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/mary">
<ex:claim>
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:subject>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/john"/>
</rdf:subject>
<rdf:predicate>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/hasName"/>
</rdf:predicate>
<rdf:object>
John Smith
</rdf:object>
</rdf:Description>
</ex:claim>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
ex:mary ex:claim _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:subject ex:john;
rdf:predicate ex:hasName;
rdf:object “John Smith”.
Triples:
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#subject> <http://example.org/john>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#predicate> <http://example.org/hasName>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object> “John Smith”.
<http://example.org/mary> <http://example.org/claim> _:bnode1.

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RDF Entailment:
<http://example.org/#john> rdf:type <http://example.org/#Student>
<http://example.org/#> rdfs:subClassOf <http://example.org/#Person>
Entails: <http://example.org/#john> rdf:type <http://example.org/#Person>
Triples:
<http://example.org/#john> <http://example.org/#hasName> "John".
<http://example.org/#john> <http://example.org/#marriedTo> <http://example.org/#mary>.
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/#john">
<ex:hasName>John</ex:hasName>
<ex:marriedTo rdf:resource = "http://example.org/#mary"/>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
ex:john ex:hasName "John";
ex:marriedTo ex:mary.
Exercise 1.2: Write the following part of an RDF document in Turtle syntax:
<?xml version="1.0"?>

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<rdf:RDF xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="Jack">
<rdf:type>
<owl:Class>
<owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
<owl:Class rdf:about="Person"/>
<owl:Class>
<owl:complementOf rdf:resource="Parent"/>
</owl:Class>
</owl:intersectionOf>
</owl:Class>
</rdf:type>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
Turtle syntax:
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
<Jack> a _:bnode1.
<Person> a owl:Class.
_:bnode2 a owl:Class;
owl:complementOf <Parent>.
_:bnode1 a owl:Class;
owl:intersectionOf (<Person> _:bnode2).
Triples:
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class>.
<Person> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class>.
_:bnode2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <Person>.
_:bnode2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:bnode3.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class>.
_:bnode4 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#complementOf> <Parent>.
_:bnode3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> _:bnode4.
_:bnode3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
ns#nil>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#intersectionOf> _:bnode2.
<Jack> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> _:bnode1.
Exercise 1.1 Write the following part of an RDF document in Turtle syntax:
<rdf:RDF

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xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
>
<owl:Class rdf:about="Parent">
<owl:equivalentClass>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="hasChild"/>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="Person"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</owl:equivalentClass>
</owl:Class>
</rdf:RDF>
Notation 3:
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
<Parent> a owl:Class;
owl:equivalentClass _:bnode1.
_:bnode1 rdf:type owl:Restriction;
owl:onProperty <hasChild>;
owl:someValuesFrom <Person>.
Triples:
<Parent> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Restriction>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#onProperty> <hasChild>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#someValuesFrom> <Person>.
<Parent> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#equivalentClass> _:bnode1.
Exercise 1.5:
Write the following Turtle triples in RDF/XML syntax: ([] can be used in Turtle for a blank node.)
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
[] rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion;
owl:sourceIndividual :Bill;
owl:assertionProperty :hasDaughter;
owl:targetIndividual :Susan.
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
ns#">

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15
<owl:NegativePropertyAssertion>
<owl:sourceIndividual rdf:resource="#Bill" />
<owl:assertionProperty rdf:resource="#hasDaughter" />
<owl:targetIndividual rdf:resource="#Susan" />
</owl:NegativePropertyAssertion>
</rdf:RDF>
Triples:
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>
<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NegativePropertyAssertion>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sourceIndividual> <#Bill>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#assertionProperty> <#hasDaughter>.
_:bnode1 <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#targetIndividual> <#Susan>.
Exercise 1.4 Write the following Turtle triple in RDF/XML syntax:
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
@prefix ex: <http://example.org/>.
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.
ex:Person rdfs:comment "Represents the set of all people."^^xsd:string .
RDF/XML:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:ex="http://example.org/"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.org/Person">
<rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">
Represents the set of all people.
</rdfs:comment>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

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Triples:
<http://example.org/Person> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Represents the set of all
people."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string>.