1. Digestive System 6th Grade Science

3. I. Function A. Breaks down food 1. Mechanical – Physical 2. Chemical - Enzymes B. Absorb nutrients into body C. Eliminate waste 60

4. II. Parts A. Length 9 meters long *Why so long?* B. Alimentary Canal “Tube” Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine

5. C. Accessory Organs Teeth Tongue Salivary Glands Pancreas Liver Gallbladder

6. III. Pathway Mouth 1. Mechanical i. Teeth a. Regions 1. Crown 2. Neck 3. Root b. Parts 1. Enamel 2. Dentin 3. Pulp 62

7. i. Teeth c. Types 1. Incisors “Cut” 2. Canine “Tear” 3. Molar “Grind” *What can we learn about teeth types?* 62

8. ii. Tongue Thick muscle Taste buds Sour Bitter Sweet Salt Umami 62

9. 2. Chemical i. Salivary Glands a. Enzyme Amylase 1. Carbohydrates *Why sugars?* 63

10. B. Throat 1. Trachea for air to lungs 2. Esophagus for food to stomach i. Pushed down by muscle contractions (Peristalsis) 3. Separated by epiglottis *What problems does this create?* 63

11. C. Stomach 1. Mechanical i. Three layers of muscle 2. Chemical i. Enzyme Pepsin a. Protein ii. High Acid a. Unfold protein b. Kill germs c. Covered in mucus *Antacids?* 64

12. D. Pancreas 1. Produces enzymes a. Protein, Fat, Carbs 2. Produces Hormones a. Insulin – Controls blood sugar levels 70

13. E. Liver/Gallbladder 1.Largest internal organ 2. Maintain blood 3. Produces bile i. Store in gall bladder ii. Aid in fat digestion 4. Removes poisons from food/drink? *Alcohol destroys liver, Why?* 69

14. F. Small Intestine 1. Mechanical 2. Chemical - Many enzymes *3. Absorption* - Tiny Villi 4. Size i. Length 5 meters ii. Width 3-4 cm 70

15. G. Large Intestine Mechanical Chemical i. Lots of bacteria ii. Produce key vitamins 3. Absorption of water 4. Removal of waste 5. Size i. Length 1.5 meters ii. Width 4 - 6 cm APPENDIX? 71

16. H. Anus

17. IV. Diseases Heart Burn B. Ulcers C. Diabetes D. Gallstones E. Appendicitis F. Cancer G. Irritable bowel syndrome 1. Crohn’s disease 2. Ulcerative colitis