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Photo Caption Writing
- 2. Define what is a photo caption Recall what information is included in a photo caption Write a photo caption for a photo Learning Objectives
- 3. Work in groups of no more than 3. Write comments on a sheet of paper answering three questions listed: 1. Make a personal connection to the photo. 2. Write a question the photo brings to mind. 3. Make a guess as to what information the original caption of this photo imparted.
- 4. Photo Captions Students at Benjamin Franklin Middle School in Ridgewood, N.J., are old hands at text messaging, but not all of the words are friendly. By Jan Hoffman, Published: June 27, 2010
- 5. What is a photo caption (a.k.a. cutline)? A short sentence or two that describes a photograph or illustration within a page layout. Why do we have photo captions? What information is included in a photo caption? AP Style suggests including main elements by answering the following: ◦ Who, What, Where, When, Why, How Photo Captions
- 6. First sentence: Who, What, When, & Where (written in present tense when possible) Who is that? (And, in most cases, identify people from left to right unless the action in the photograph demands otherwise.) ◦ What is going on? ◦ Where and when was this? Why and or How ◦ Why is this important or significant? ◦ How did this occur? (Give background on the event) Writing Style for Photo Captions
- 7. Don’t incorrectly place time element in first sentence-use time element in adjective form. Avoid stating the obvious. "Dennis Rodman smiles as he kicks a broadcast photographer in the groin.“ Provide useful information. Writing Style for Photo Captions
- 8. Write in complete sentences. Check spelling of names, places, farms/ranches, etc. Avoid restating headline or text. Don't assume. Ask questions in your effort to inform and be specific. Be willing to contact and include the subject. Ask for correct spelling of names. Write in conversational tone that avoids agriculture industry jargon for consumers. Writing Style for Photo Captions
- 9. Don’t editorialize Don’t use cliches Use adjectives sparingly – don’t make judgments “An unhappy citizen watches the protest…” State how you manipulated the photo (if needed) Elements to exclude: “Pictured above…,” “This picture shows…”, “Looking into the camera…” “From left to right…” Writing Style for Photo Captions
- 10. The Mississippi River flows through a hole in the Sny Island, Ill., levee, flooding farmland and homes 10 miles south of Quincy, Ill., Sunday, July 25, 1993. About 2,000 people were evacuated from the 44,000 acres that flooded. (AP Photo/Bill Waugh) Example of Standard AP Caption
- 11. Read the following captions and determine if the caption is good, okay, or bad. Identify what is correct or incorrect by emphasizing the elements present or missing (who, what, when, where, why and how) and the writing style. Critique this Photo Caption Good, Okay or Bad 👍 👎👉
- 12. Fresh meats are stocked at the grocery store. Critique this Photo Caption Good, Okay or Bad 👍 👎👉
- 13. Fresh meats are stocked at the grocery store. Critique this Photo Caption Bad 👎 What
- 14. Fresh meats are stocked at the grocery store. Critique this Photo Caption Bad 👎 Where
- 15. Fresh meats are stocked at the grocery store. Critique this Photo Caption Bad 👎 What’s missing? Who, When, & Why
- 16. John Mueller prepares Nancy’s Pride for the Grimes County 4-H horse judging contest. The judging contest is held annually during the Grimes County fair. Critique this Photo Caption Good, Okay or Bad 👍 👎👉
- 17. John Mueller prepares Nancy’s Pride for the Grimes County 4-H horse judging contest. The judging contest is held annually during the Grimes County fair. Critique this Photo Caption Good 👍 Who
- 18. John Mueller prepares Nancy’s Pride for the Grimes County 4-H horse judging contest. The judging contest is held annually during the Grimes County fair. Critique this Photo Caption Good 👍 What
- 19. John Mueller prepares Nancy’s Pride for the Grimes County 4-H horse judging contest. The judging contest is held annually during the Grimes County fair. Critique this Photo Caption Good 👍 Where & When
- 20. John Mueller prepares Nancy’s Pride for the Grimes County 4-H horse judging contest. The judging contest is held annually during the Grimes County fair. Critique this Photo Caption Good 👍 How is visible in photo
- 21. The Butler family operates their three-generation family-owned Oatka Dairy. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Good, Okay or Bad 👍 👎👉
- 22. The Butler family operates their three-generation family-owned Oatka Dairy. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Okay 👉 Who
- 23. The Butler family operates their three-generation family-owned Oatka Dairy. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Okay 👉 What
- 24. The Butler family operates their three-generation family-owned Oatka Dairy. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Okay 👉 When
- 25. The Butler family operates their three-generation family-owned Oatka Dairy. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Okay 👉 Why
- 26. Oatka Dairy has been owned by the Butler family for three generations. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Okay 👉 What criteria are missing?
- 27. The Butler family operates their three-generation family-owned Oatka Dairy. This fall the dairy will close because of low milk prices. Critique this Photo Caption Okay 👉 What criteria are missing? Where & How
- 28. Work individually to write a caption for this photo (approximately 20 -30 words). You can have one or two sentences, but you must answer the Who, What, Where, When, and Why. The how is visible in the photo but not stated in the caption. Enclosed are details that you can use. The photo caption must be written with your name on the paper. It is due on Monday, October 30 at 9:30 a.m. The assignment is worth 10 points. Let’s Practice! – Photo Caption Assignment Who: Josey Miller What: Roping a calf in the calf roping competition Where: 69th annual Lenox Rodeo in Creston, Iowa When: July 28, 2014 Why: Finished second with a time of 9.7 seconds Source: CrestonNews.com
Notas del editor
- Use the image provided on slide 2 to begin this lesson. Have students work in groups of no more than 3. Their job will be to write comments/answers on a sheet of paper answering the three questions listed below. Although working in groups each student must have an answer represented. Make a personal connection to the photo. (E.g., “Reminds me of when I visited the Empire State Building in third grade.”) Write a question the photo brings to mind. (E.g., “Why can you see only the backs of people’s heads in this shot?”) Make a guess as to what information the original caption of this photo imparted. (E.g., “This looks like the dedication of a memorial to someone who died.”) Have the students discuss all the thoughts provoked by the image and questions that they posed. Finally, read the captions you removed originally. Does the caption reveal anything new about the photo? Do the students feel differently now that they have read the caption? Did any of the students get all the information correct before seeing the caption?
- Finally, read the caption you removed originally. Does the caption reveal anything new about the photo? Do the students feel differently now that they have read the caption? Did any of the students get all the information correct before seeing the caption?
- What is a photo caption? A short sentence or two that describes a photograph or illustration within a page layout. Also called a cutline. Why do we have photo captions? Photo captions are an integral part of storytelling, but they are often the most underdeveloped element in the mix of words, graphics, and photographs. Captions are second only to headlines as the most read copy in newspapers and other media. A poorly executed caption can destroy the message of a photo. The reader/viewer expects nothing less than accurate, complete, and informative information, including captions. Reader Behavior Reader looks briefly at the photo. Subtle aspects of the photo may not be recognizable by the general public. When interest is sparked the reader will typically look for the photo explanation (caption/ cutline). After reading the caption the reader goes back to the photo for a second look.
- The specific information required can vary from one photo to the next. But for most photos, a reader wants to know who and what the photo shows, and the caption should state where and when the photo was taken. Always identify the main people in the photograph. EXCEPT when faces are not really visible. And, in most cases, identify people from left to right unless the action in the photograph demands otherwise. The second sentence of the caption gives background on the news event or describes why the photo is significant. Only use the second sentence if absolutely necessary for photo clarification. Most newspapers use a photo caption writing style that calls for the first sentence to be written in the present tense and for subsequent sentences to be in the past tense. The rationale is that the first sentence tells the reader what is happening in the photo. Subsequent sentences tell the context and background for what happened. Why is this picture in the paper? What's going on? When and where was this? Why does he/she/it/they look that way? How did this occur? Simply stated, cutlines should explain the picture so that readers are satisfied with their understanding of the picture. They need not—and should not—tell what the picture has made obvious. It should supply vital information that the picture cannot. For example, a picture can show a football player leaping to catch a pass, but it likely does not show that the result was the winning touchdown. The cutline should give that information.
- A common flaw is incorrectly placing the time element in the first sentence. It is incongruous to have both the present tense verb and the past-tense time element (as adverbial information) in the same sentence. It is possible to avoid the incongruity by using the time element as adjectival information: . . . Write the caption to stand alone, so reading the story is not necessary. Avoid stating the obvious. We read from left to right, so we don’t state the obvious. "Dennis Rodman smiles as he kicks a broadcast photographer in the groin.” (Provide useful information.)
- A well-composed and captioned photograph can motivate the viewer to read the accompanying text. When writing photo captions, use complete sentences. Triple check the spelling of names and check with primary sources. Don’t repeat the obvious: what’s in the headline or text of the story. Don't assume. Ask questions in your effort to inform and be specific. Be willing to contact and include the subject. Be sure to ask for correct spelling of names when shooting people’s faces. When writing captions for agricultural images, be aware of and refrain from using technical industry jargon. Captions should be clear, concise, and serve as an opportunity to further educate the reader. In captions, write in a conversational tone.
- Writing as if talking to someone while still using proper grammar. Don’t editorialize. The writer should never make assumptions about what someone in a picture is thinking or try to interpret the person's feelings from his or her expression. The reader should be given the facts and allowed to decide for herself or himself what the feelings or emotions are. Don't use clichés. Use adjectives sparingly. The cutline writer should avoid characterizing a picture as beautiful, dramatic, grisly or other such descriptive terms that should be evident in the photograph. If it's not evident in the photograph, your telling the reader won't make it happen. The caption should explain something about how the picture was taken if it shows something not normally observable by the human eye. For example, was a wide-angle lens used? Or time-lapse photography? Explanations also are needed for special effects, such as the use of an inset or a picture sequence. Do not point out the obvious by using such phrases as “looks on,” “is shown” and “pictured above.” Avoid using terms like "is shown, is pictured, and looks on."
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Not answered What is going on? Fresh meats are stocked Where was this? Grocery Store When was this? Not answered Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Not answered How did this occur? Not answered Need at least one, but not both (why and how).
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Not answered What is going on? Fresh meats are stocked Where was this? Grocery Store When was this? Not answered Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Not answered How did this occur? Not answered Need at least one, but not both (why and how).
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Not answered What is going on? Fresh meats are stocked Where was this? Grocery Store When was this? Not answered Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Not answered How did this occur? Not answered Need at least one, but not both (why and how).
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Not answered What is going on? Fresh meats are stocked Where was this? Grocery Store When was this? Not answered Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Not answered How did this occur? Visually shown in photo but not stated Need at least one, but not both (why and how).
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? John Meuller What is going on? Prepares for 4-H horse judging contest Where was this? Grimes County Fair When was this? During the fair Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Identifies current event How did this occur? Visible in photo, but not explicitly stated Remember why or how do not both have to be stated.
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? John Meuller What is going on? Prepares for 4-H horse judging contest Where was this? Grimes County Fair When was this? During the fair Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Identifies current event How did this occur? Visible in photo, but not explicitly stated Remember why or how do not both have to be stated.
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? John Meuller What is going on? Prepares for 4-H horse judging contest Where was this? Grimes County Fair When was this? During the fair Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Identifies current event How did this occur? Visible in photo, but not explicitly stated Remember why or how do not both have to be stated.
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? John Meuller What is going on? Prepares for 4-H horse judging contest Where was this? Grimes County Fair When was this? During the fair Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Identifies current event How did this occur? Visible in photo, but not explicitly stated Remember why or how do not both have to be stated.
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? John Meuller What is going on? Prepares for 4-H horse judging contest Where was this? Grimes County Fair When was this? During the fair Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Identifies current event How did this occur? Visible in photo, but not explicitly stated Remember why or how do not both have to be stated.
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? Not answered Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? Not answered Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? This fall Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? This fall Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? This fall Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? This fall Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered
- AP Style First sentence Who is that? Oatka Dairy/ Butler family What is going on? Closing Where was this? Not answered When was this? This fall Second Sentence Why is this important or significant? Low milk prices are causing three generation business to close How did this occur? Not answered