1. Please Understand Me!
Chapin Middle School | Girls Empowered

2. Challenges also seek leaders.
People who become leaders
don’t always seek the
challenges they face.

3. You all are leaders!
Why think about leadership
style?
• To know your strengths and weaknesses
• To understand the strengths and
weaknesses of others
• To use what you know to be effective in
leadership tasks

4. How would you describe
yourself?
• Artesian
• Guardian
• Rational
• Idealist
• Pioneer
• Change Agent

5. What is your style?
• There are no right answers! Different but
equally valuable choices were provided.
• Psychological type indicators – point you
in the direction of your preference . . .
Nothing more!
• Higher versus lower score in one indicator
does not indicate advanced skills.
• This tells you a little bit about who you are
and how you approach the world.

6. Keirsey Temperament Sorter
What you notice in a new situation
Extraversion Introversion
How you take in information
Sensing Intuition
How you make decisions
Thinking Feeling
What you actually do
Judgment Perception

7. In new situations
Extravert (E) …Introvert (I)?
• Energized by outer
world
• Focus on interactions
people, things
• Outgoing active “doer”
• Wide interests: breadth
• Live it, then understand
it
• Needs feedback. How
am I doing?
• Energized by ideas
• Focus on thoughts,
concepts
• Reflective “thinker”
• Depth of interests
• Understand it before
you do it
• Perfectionist

8. Occupations
Extraverts
• Sales
• Teacher
• Health Services
• Coach
• Manager
• Public Relations
Introverts
• Scientist
• Programmer
• Surgeon
• Psychiatrist
• Engineer
• Architect

9. Speed of Interpersonal
Response
Extrovert
• Let’s TALK it out!
• Let’s change the world!
• Likely to raise hand and
answer question.
• Go Getter, People Person
• Lots of best friends
• The Hair
Introvert
• Let’s THINK on it…
• Let’s understand the
world . . . please.
• Likely to wait to be called
on . . . Or to ask a
question in response.
• One BFF
• The Turtle

10. Taking in information
Sensing (S) …Intuition (N)
• Facts, data, details,
order.
• Prefers reality based
info. Wants to know the
usefulness of info.
• Enjoys life in “there and
now.” Fun is important.
• Practices and uses
experience and habits to
solve problems. If it ain’t
broke…
• Takes time seriously.
• Meanings, associations,
patterns, possibilities.
What could be?
• Prefers theories,
hunches, speculations
• Creative and future
focused
• Develops new
approaches to problems,
new designs. If it ain’t
broke, just make it better!
• There is always enough
time for one more thing.

11. Occupations
Sensing: Gathering
facts
ES: Human Resources
Police
Teacher
IS Accountant
Geologist
Chemist
Intuition: Gathering
possibilities
EN Advertising
Media
Counselor
IN Psychologist
Marketing Research
Artist

12. Preferred Information Focus
Sensing
• Specifics
• I  facts!
• Utilizes the Five Senses
• Sometimes misses out on
opportunities
Intuition (N)
• The Big Picture
• I  possibilities!
• Special Sixth Sense
• Sometimes not in touch
with reality

13. Making decisions
Thinking (T)…Feeling (F)
• Analyze objective data
to make quick, logical
decisions.
• Impersonal critique of
problem and fair
solutions.
• Organizes information
for reasoned
arguments.
• Loves to argue. Does
not take disagreement
personally.
• Sympathetic, humane,
subjective decisions
that I constantly worry
about
• Personal assessment of
what I believe to be
right
• Enthusiastic,
disorganized, emotional
advocate
• Values unique solutions
and takes argument as
an affront.

14. Occupations
Thinking:
Uses her head
IST/ INT/ EST/ ENT
Lawyer
CEO
College Professor
Lobbyist
Banker
Feeling:
Uses his heart
ISF/ INF/ ESF/ ENF
Writer
Physician
Minister
Guidance
Social Worker

15. Focus – Work Environment –
Contribution
Thinking | USES HEAD
• I’m calling the meeting to
order. Let’s take
attendance.
• Please stay on the
agenda provided.
• Let’s stick to the facts. I’ll
refer you to the handout.
• Taking care of business.
• Keeping it on time.
Feeling | USES HEART
• How is everyone doing
today? Let’s share!
• Does anyone have
anything to add to the
agenda?
• How do you feel about
this? What would you do?
• Let’s table this for our
next meeting.
• Who would like to stay for
lunch?

16. Living Your Life
Judging (J)…Perception (P)
• Methodical cautious
planner in control of life.
• Wants things decided.
Does not like
uncertainty or open
ended situations.
• Organized goal setter
who systematically
works to achieve goals.
• Does not seek new
information or new
experiences.
• Spontaneous, flexible,
adaptable adventurer.
• Likes to let life happen
and enjoy the ride.
• Loves not knowing what
is coming next.
• Seeks new information,
new experiences, new
friends; thinks outside
the box, open to
change.

17. Environment
Judging
• Miss Party Planner
• Let’s make a decision!
• Thrives on being right
• Pride in being ahead of
schedule.
Perception
• Mr. Spontaneity
• Let’s explore this!
• Thrives on flexibility and
adaptability
• Pride in last minute frenzy
– “deadline driven.”

18. The 16 Types
Judging
ESTJ Supervisor
ISTJ Inspector
ESFJ Provider
ISFJ Protector
ENFJ Teacher
INFJ Counselor
ENTJ Field Marshal
INTJ Mastermind
Perception
ESTP Promoter
ISTP Artisan
ESFP Performer
ISFP Composer
ENFP Champion
INFP Healer
ENTP Inventor
INTP Architect

19. How Frequent is My Type?
49% Extrovert | Talker E I Introvert | Thinker 51%
73% Sensing | Facts S N INtuition | Possibilities 27%
40% Thinking | Head T F Feeling | Heart 60%
54% Judging | Control J P Perceiving | Flow 46%
• The general US population is primarily comprised of
action-oriented pragmatists who value the proven and
the known and want to see results. Es and Ss make up
30-40% of the population.
• INs make up 10-15% of the population. Difficulty
finding kindred spirits. May adapt accordingly and not
feel at their best.

20. The 16 Types: Frequency
Judging
ESTJ Supervisor 9%
ISTJ Inspector 12%
ESFJ Provider 12%
ISFJ Protector 14%
ENFJ Teacher 3%
INFJ Counselor 2%
ENTJ Field Marshal 2%
INTJ Mastermind 2%
Perception
ESTP Promoter 4%
ISTP Artisan 5%
ESFP Performer 9%
ISFP Composer 8%
ENFP Champion 8%
INFP Healer 4%
ENTP Inventor 3%
INTP Architect 3%

21. Will My Type Change?
• Yes and no
• Personality traits and self-awareness will mature
• Social, familial, workplace expectation influence:
people with which you associate, career you
choose, immediate supervisor and team
• Experience with the negative aspects of your
preferences or view the opposite preference
positively
• Stress

22. So Now What?
Applications of Type
• Gain a better understanding and
appreciation of yourself:
• Strengths and blind spots
• Need for privacy or activity
• Need for hands-on versus book learning
• Gain better understanding and
appreciation of others.
• Make constructive use of the natural
differences that exist among individuals.

23. Leading Across Type
Type is not an excuse nor an enabler!
Understanding type gives you
great power to:
1. Communicate effectively
2. Build teams that empower others
3. Mediate conflict
4. Lead change

24. Working with E’s and I’s
• E’s need feedback. Let
them now how they are
doing!
• E’s need to be busy. Give
them active tasks.
• E’s get bored easily.
Break down tasks into
parts.
• E’s act before they think.
Ask questions to help
them anticipate problems.
• I’s need time to think
through an idea before
they share their
thoughts. Let them
know issues in
advance.
• I’s want all possible
information before
deciding. Help them
realize the importance
of timing
• I’s are perfectionists.
Help them let go of
projects even if they are
not perfect.

25. Working with SP:
Crisis Managers
1. Don’t tell them how to do a job. They
want to find their own way.
2. Make the task important and with a
timeline.
3. Help them to set priorities.
4. Ask for regular reports - they will
procrastinate!
5. Make decisions about their ideas quickly
and give them feedback so they can
adjust.

26. Working with SJ Organizers
1. Communicate clear policies, rules,
schedules and expectations.
2. Adhere to deadlines and timelines.
3. Give specific information in organized
format.
4. Understand that they are usually not
optimistic and may be sarcastic and
critical. It is not personal.
5. Ask questions to keep them from making
decisions too quickly.

27. Working with the
NT Systems Thinker
1. Communicate the mission and
importance of a task to the future.
2. Do not give “busy work.” Give meaningful
work that requires logic and analysis.
3. Be careful that your work is accurate.
They hate stupid errors.
4. If they hurt your feelings, remember that
they are focused on the task, not the
people.

28. Working with the
NF Counselor
1. Recognize their unique contributions to
the task.
2. Encourage active participation in decision
making.
3. Help them to avoid getting overextended.
4. When they get emotional, help them form
a logical argument.

29. Real World: Diverse Teams
• Look around the room, around the table.
Are you a balanced class?
• Every type is found at every level of
education and in virtually all careers.
• Activity: Work in three teams to plan a
party to celebrate your graduation from
eighth grade this year.

30. Leadership is an art –
a performing art – and
the instrument is the self.
Wanting to lead and
believing that you can lead are
the departure points on the
path to leadership.

31. @CCLeaderCenter
@ColumbiaKoala
@KatSwartz
#LeadFromWithin
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