1. Sex Part 2

2. The Female Side
• The female reproductive system produces
female sex hormones and stores female
reproductive cells.
• Located pretty much entirely inside the body
in the pelvis area of females

3. The Female Side
• Uterus: a hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ
inside the female body
-This is where the fertilized egg will be
nourished and protected from conception
until birth

4. The Female Side
• The uterus is made of some of the strongest
muscles in the human body.
• Before pregnancy the uterus is about 3” long
and 2” wide

5. The Female Side
• Fallopian Tubes: are attached to each side of
the uterus and lead to the ovaries
• Each one is about 4” long and look like
spaghetti noodles
• They also contain cilia, or hair like movement
structures that help to move the egg from the
ovaries to the uterus.

6. The Female Side

7. The Female Side
• Ovaries: the female sex glands that store the
ova(or female sex cell, aka egg) and produce
female sex hormones
• Estrogen and Progesterone
• They are two oval-shaped organs that lie to
the upper left and right of the uterus
• They produce, store and release eggs into
fallopian tubes

8. The Female Side
• Ovulation: is the release of an egg into the
fallopian tube
• At birth a female’s ovaries contain more than
400,000 immature eggs

9. The Female Side
• The menstrual cycle: provides important body
chemicals and prepares your body for
pregnancy each month
• A cycle is counted from the first day of a
period until the first day of the next period
• A complete cycle usually lasts from 21-35 days
in adults

10. The Female Side
• At or around the 14th day the egg travels into
the fallopian tube
• The uterus builds lining to protect the egg in
case of fertilization occurs in the tube
• If its not fertilized the egg breaks apart and
the lining of the uterus is shed during the
menstrual period

11. The Female Side
• http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/o
ur-publications/fact-sheet/menstruation.cfm

12. The Female Side
• PMS: Premenstrual Syndrome: both physical
and emotional symptoms that many girls and
women get right before their periods such as
acne, bloating, fatigue, headaches, sore
breasts, and food cravings
• Usually 7 days before period

13. The Female Side
• Vagina: a muscular elastic passageway that
extends from the uterus to the outside of the
body

14. The Female Side
• Cervix: where the vagina and uterus connect
• The cervix has strong, thick walls. The opening
of the cervix is very small (no wider than a
straw), which is why a tampon can never get
lost inside a girl's body. During childbirth, the
cervix can expand to allow a baby to pass.

15. The Female Side
• Problems with the Female Reproductive
System:
• Menstrual Cramps: often occur at the beginning
of a cycle, severe or persistent cramping may
need strong medical attention, however most
are relieved via light exercise or heating pad
• Toxic Shock Syndrome: rare but serious
bacterial infection; can be fatal; symptoms
include fever, vomiting, sun-burn like rash, red
eyes, dizziness, muscle aches; to avoid change
tampons regularly

16. Problems with Females
• Vulvovaginitis: an inflammation of the vulva
and vagina; can be caused by poor hygiene or
irritating substances; symptoms such as
itching and vaginal discharge can occur; can
also lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): infection of
fallopian tubes, ovaries, and surrounding areas
of pelvis; can lead to infertility; usually caused
by an STD

17. Problems with Females
• Endometriosis: occurs when tissue normally
found only in the uterus starts to grow outside
the uterus — in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or
other parts of the pelvic cavity. It can cause
abnormal bleeding, painful periods, and
general pelvic pain.
• Ovarian Tumors: although they're rare, can
occur. Girls with ovarian tumors may have
abdominal pain and masses that can be felt in
the abdomen. Surgery may be needed to
remove the tumor. They maybe cancerous and
they may not be

18. Female Problems
• Ovarian cysts: are noncancerous sacs
filled with fluid or semisolid material.
Although they are common and generally
harmless, they can become a problem if
they grow very large. Large cysts may
push on surrounding organs, causing
abdominal pain. In most cases, cysts will
disappear on their own and treatment is
unnecessary. If the cysts are painful, a
doctor may prescribe birth control pills to
alter their growth or they may be
removed by a surgeon.

19. Female Cancers
• Ovarian Cancer: Cancer that forms in tissues of
the ovary (one of a pair of female reproductive
glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed).
Most ovarian cancers are either ovarian
epithelial carcinomas (cancer that begins in
the cells on the surface of the ovary) or
malignant germ cell tumors (cancer that
begins in egg cells).

20. Female Cancers
• Estimated new cases and deaths from ovarian
cancer in the United States in 2011:
• New cases: 21,990
• Deaths: 15,460
Risk factors for Ovarian Cancer:
1) Age
2) Obesity
3)Reproductive History
4) Fertility Drugs
5)Family History of Ovarian, Breast, or
Colorectal Cancer

21. Female Cancers
• Symptoms:
• Abdominal pressure, fullness, swelling or bloating
• Pelvic discomfort or pain
• Persistent indigestion, gas or nausea
• Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation
• Changes in bladder habits, including a frequent need to
urinate
• Loss of appetite or quickly feeling full
• Increased abdominal girth or clothes fitting tighter
around your waist
• A persistent lack of energy
• Low back pain

22. Female Cancers
• http://www.medicinenet.com/ovarian_cancer_pict
ures_slideshow/article.htm
• Breast Cancer: cancer of the breast or surrounding
tissues and glands, early detection is imparitive
• Important to regularly check yourself and have
regular doctor checkups
• Family history is a major risk factor
• http://www.medicinenet.com/breast_cancer_pictur
es_slideshow/article.htm

23. Chapter 19!!!!
• Fill out guided reading worksheets for Chapter
19!!!