1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A very big thanked to god as I managed to finish this assignment at last. With all
myeffort and cooperation from my classmates, I managed to finish this up by time given.
I hadgiven our best and all out in doing the very best we can.First and foremost, I would
like to thank our TSL 3109 lecturer that is Pn. Nor Azurawati Binti Ahmad Zuhdi. She did
indeed giving me the crystal-clear guidelines in orderto make sure that I got the actual
glimpse of the task given. Moreover, truth be told, shenever failed to make sure that I
done the task correctly and following what the question
wasasking. A mount of thanks I would give to my classmate, who keeps sharing with me
thelatest information and sources. And definitely very special thanks to those are
involved in themaking of this assignment.
TASK 2: CLASSROOM OBSERVATION
1.0 IntroductionEffective classroom management will help achieve the goals inlearning such
asencourage appropriate student behaviour and get pupils learn to control and
managethemselves. However, an orderly classroom depends on the teacher skills to
preventproblems from occurring rather than solve the problems that have occurred.
That is why it isimportant that teacher make careful planning and always reflect the
strength andweaknesses of a lesson.
During the practicum session, I had carried out an observation to see how an
Englishteacher teach and manage his classroom. The school that I got for my practicum
is at ruralareas and the level of the English at that school is average. I decided to
observe a Year 5classroom because it is the class that I was going to teach during my
practicum. Accordingto the teacher, the classroom consists of pupils with mixed ability.
The difference betweenthe three year 5 classes is that the ability of the pupils to read. I
get the opportunity to teachthe second class for my practicum. So,I realized that I need to
observe the how the teacherteaches first before I continued his lesson.2.0 TheoriesOver
past few decades, many behavioural psychologists, educators and practitionershave
introduced various theories pertaining classroom management. Among the theories
aretheries
of Democratic Teaching by Rudolf Dreikurs, Jacob Kounin’s Theories of Instructional
Management, Theories of Assertive Tactics by Lee and Marlene Canter and so on.
(Khine &Lourdusamy, 2005). Based on the observation that I had made, I found out that
the teacherapplied some of the classroom management theories in the classroom. The
application ofthe classroom management theories is very beneficial to the teacher and
pupils. As for theteacher, he or she will be motivated to teach the pupils because they
have some strategiesand technique in their mind. An effective teacher is a teacher who
demonstrate care attitudeto their pupils and strive to be a better teacher.In the Year 5
Kamil class
, the teacher chose Lee’s and Marlene Canter’s theories
that suggested that teacher and pupils should have their own right to be comfortable in
theteaching and learning processinthe classroom. Fromwhat I cansee, beforethe teacherstarts
the learning, he told the pupils about what he wants pupils to do while he is teaching.
He clearly states the do and don’t

2. inthe classroom. Forexample, onthat dayhe asked pupils to keep quiet and not moving
around the class. In my opinion, I think that the teacherwant to make sure that the pupils
will behave in the classroom. I assume that every time heentered the class, he will state
what he wants. This is very effective because young learnersneed to be reminded all
the times because they might forget it by the end of the lesson. Bytelling to the pupils
what he wants, I think pupils will behave nicely in the classroom.In addition, the teacher
also provides some rules to the pupils and there areconsequences that pupils might
face if they misbehave in the classroom. On thatobservation day, there is one boy who
is not paying attention to teacher. He was drawingsomething in his book before
the teacher caught him. As a result, the teacher confiscates thebook and told him that
he will returned the book back if the pupil behave in the classroom.The teacher also
provided positive consequences to the pupils when they behave while theteacher is
teaching. For instance, he returned the book back to the pupil who was not
payingattention because after he was caught, he pay attention to the teacher and
complete thetask given by teacher. I agree with his action because teacher should not
punish the pupilsall the time. By introducing positive and negative consequences in the
classroom, pupils willbe ableto get to know how they should behave inthe classroom.By the end
of his lesson, I can see that the teacher is an assertive teacher based onhow he
manage and control his classroom. During the teaching and learning process,teachers
build positive, trusting relationships with his pupils and teach appropriate
classroombehaviour to them. Moreover, he listens carefully to what his pupils want to
say,speak politely to them, and treat everyone fairly. According to Haliza and Samuel
(2009),assertive teacher help the pupils to understand the form of behaviour that can
lead them tothe success and behaviour that can trouble them. Therefore, pupils are
responsible tochoose their behaviour and teacher will bethe one to guidethem.In my opinion,
Canter Assertive Tactics is a systematic theory that can be used in theESL classroom to
deal with
pupils’
misbehaviour in the classroom such as disruption, notpaying attention and so on. In
summary, this theory is based on reinforcement towardsdesirable behaviours and pupils
acceptance toward the consequences of their behaviour.(Haliza & Samuel, 2009). he
effectiveness of this model isproven whereby it canpromoteconducive learning behaviour and
build positive relationship between teacher and pupils.Therefore, to ensure that this
model can be applied in the classroom, teacher must clearlyunderstand and practice
the theory effectively.
3.0. Classroom
Management According to Evertson and Weinsten (2006), effective classroom managem
ent canmaximize the chances of learning. The pupils also must be given opportunity to
get fun andmeaningful learning. During the observation, I was able to look at how the
teacher
’s
classroom management in the mixed ability classroom. There are many types of
activitiesthat can teacher plan for the activity inside the classroom such as role play,
storytelling,discussion, pair activity and so on. A teacher needs to develop the learning
activities so thatit will be realistic and authentic to pupils. However, before designing

3. and planning theactivity, teacher needs to take few aspects as consideration first. For
example, teacher
needs to plan an activity that is suit to the pupil’s level and age. Moreover, the activity
should
be able to make the pupils anticipate for the learning.On the observation day,
the teacher focused on the listening and speaking skills. Forset induction, the teacher
asked few pupils about pets that they kept at their house andasked them to make the
sound of the pets. Some of pupils were very excited to tell about thepets that they have.
Even though they were not able to speak in English, but they can saythe name of the
animal in English. I think the activity is quite good but the teacher can makeit more
interesting by bringing a model of some pets and put it in a mystery box. Thenteacher
could getthe pupils to touch the model and guess what it is.This will not only makethem feel
curious but also can attract their attention to the learning. Based on what I saw,pupils
who donot have pets were passiveand didnot participatewhen the teacher askedabout pets that
anybody have. That is why teacher need to come with an activity that couldget every
pupils to participate.Next stage,
the teacher recited a chant to the pupils about the pets’ animal. Before
he asked the pupils to recite the chant, he demonstrated it first to the pupils. It is a good
wayto get the pupils familiar with the pronunciation of some words that they have never
comeabout. The teacher also repeated the chant several times to get the pupils more
familiar withit. In addition, teacher also helped the pupils with meaning of some
vocabulary that was newfor the pupils. He explained the meaning of the words in
English and he also translated it inMalay as some of the pupils could not understand it.
In my opinion, during this activityteacher can make use of dictionary to teach them
dictionary skills. It will not only teach themon how to use dictionary but also canpromotes
independent learning to the pupils.
After that, the teacher gets the pupils into few groups and asked them to recite thechant
it in their respective group. The teacher also asked the pupils to discuss the gestureand
action that they can use when they recited the chant. Before that, the teacher
alsohelped the pupils by showing them example. The guidance that the teacher gave to
thepupils had helped them a lot to come with a correct gesture and action. The next
step waswhen the teacher distributed worksheets to each pupil. The teacher also gave
me theworksheets and I found out that he prepared two types of worksheets to the
pupils. Heprepared the worksheet based on the level of the pupils in the classroom. In
the classroom,there were pupils with average and low proficiency level inEnglish. Bypreparing two
typesof worksheets, each pupil will be able to complete the task given by the
teacher.During the closure, teacher inculcated some moral values to the pupils. On that
daythe teacher told them the benefit of having pets at home. Teacher also recounted
the lessonto make sure that pupils can remember what they have learnt on
that particular day. I think itwas goodas pupils canreflect backwhat they have achieved and
learnt.4.0 Communication SkillsCommunication skills is another aspect that teacher need to
focus on more andmore. Khine & Lourdusamy, (2005) stated that from the moment of
the teacher entered theclassroom, he need to make sure that the language that he is
going to use during theteaching and learning process can be understand by the pupils.

4. This is important because ifthe teacher failed to understand what the teacher deliver,
they will not be able to respond toteacher and they will become very passive during the
teaching and learning process. Aneffective communication is the key to maintaining
good relationship between teacher andpupils.From my observation, I think the language
that the teacher used in the class isappropriate and suitable for a Year 5 classroom with
an average English level proficiency.Most of the instruction that the teacher gave
is simple and brief. The teacher also gave easyexample to pupils which had helped
them a lot in understanding what the teacher said. Theteacher also speaks clearly while
giving instruction to the pupils. He spoke not too fast andthis made the pupils to be able
to grasp whatever the teacher
said. As we all know, eye contact is one of important aspect in communication skill. Aco
mmunication will be more effective when the presenter is able to have an eye contact
withall his audience. In the classroom, the teacher also had a good eye contact with
almost all pupils inthe class. However, there were also pupils who tried to avoideye contact with
theteacher. This is probably because they were afraid that teacher will ask question to
them.One of the pupils was caught doing other things while the teacher is teaching. This
showsthat teacher realize that the pupils was doing other work based on his eye contact
with thepupils.In addition, teacher also used body language and gesture in getting the
pupils tounderstand whatever he said.For example, pupils could not understand when the
teacherasked the pupils to paste the worksheet in the exercise book. Then the pupils
understoodwhen the teacher demonstrated a gesture of pasting the worksheet in the
book. Moreover, I
think the teacher’s f
acialexpression during the teaching and learning was very good.Pupils
were able to understand the teacher’s mood through hisfacial expression.
5.0.
Resources Another aspect that I watched during the observation was the resources in t
heclassroom. For instance, the floor plan in the classroom is also important to ensure
that aneffective classroom management isachieved. In 5Kamil classroom, the
seatingarrangement is in group shape. In my opinion, this seating arrangement is very
beneficial toteacher to conduct group activity in the classroom. Moreover, it will help the
teacher tofacilitate
the pupil’s learning
. By putting them in group, they can learn to cooperate and helpeach other inlearning.
However, the weakness of group seating arrangement isthat pupilswill disturb their friend in his
group. In addition, it will be easier for them to chat or talk aboutunimportant
things.Furthermore, I observed that the teacher provide a sufficient space for the pupils
tomove around the class while doing many activities prepared by teacher. This is
becausethere are many spaces and gap between each group. I think one of the reason
why teacherprovide a lot of space is to get the pupils to come easily to the front
whenever the teachercalls them. When the pupils move freely around the class, they
will be likely to develop theirpsychomotor skills and hence help in the physical

5. development. (Shahabudin Hashim, &Noor Miza Abdul Rahman ,2014). However,
teacher must make sure that pupils movearound for purpose such for activity like
information gap. Teacher also should not give toomuch freedom for them to move
because they might disturbed other friend.
Moreover, the classroom decoration in Three Kembara was really impressed meduring
the first time I entered the class. This is because it is decorated with a lot of
colourfulmotivational quotes. Furthermore, there is a lot of information that is put on the
notice boardin the classroom. So, teacher must make sure that the information is read
by the pupils orelse it will be a waste. I think the resources in the classroom plays
important role to get thepupils to be motivated to the learning. A classroom without a
good floor plan will be not funand attractive and will not get the pupils to be motivated in
the teaching and learningprocess.6.0 ConclusionThe experience that I gainduring the
observation isvery beneficial for me. Beingexposed to how a teaching is conducted in the
classroom is important as the preparation tobe a teacher in school later. Furthermore,
through the observation I had learnt how tomanage a mixed ability classroom. Then
I could use this knowledge to think of an alternativeway to make sure that I can manage
a classroom effectively at school. Furthermore, I alsorealized that teaching profession is
very challenging as teachers are going to deal withhuman. To make sure that I can
survive in this profession I must stay positive and alwaysfind a room to improve myself.
TASK 3- REFLECTION
Throughout the course managing the primary ESL classroom, the lesson that Ilearned
was that a teacher need a very strong planning in developing personal
classroommanagement plan that can gain an effective teaching in the classroom.
According to Tauber(2007), without an appropriate planning, teacher might not be able
to manage the pupils inthe classroom. Furthermore, from this course I was able to learn
about theories of classroommanagement that is suggested by experts in order to get an
effective classroommanagement. There is much things that I have learned from the
theories such as the how toset rules and routines and classroom and consequences for
pupils behaviour. (Khine &Lourdusamy, 2005). Before the course, it never comes to my
mind that these are among thethings that I need to think off before I entered a
classroom to teach. Now I realize howimportant it is in order to produce a positive
environment classroom.The strength of this course is that it gives exposure to me on
how to manage aclassroom before I carry out my practicum. Without this exposure, I
might not know anythingabout what I should do during my practicum. From the course, I
was able to plan how tomanage the resources in the classroom such as physical
classroom environment and socialcultural environment before I entered the class.
Moreover, the strength of this courseincludes the knowledge about the effective
communication skills in the classroom. I learnedthat effective communication is
necessary between the teacher and pupils so that they willwork together and cooperate
to achieve the objectives of teaching and learning. In addition,

6. this course had taught me on how to recognize the patterns of pupils’ behaviour. So,
I will be
able to
develop, monitor and maintain a productive pupils’ behaviour in my classroom
duringmy practicum.However, the weakness of this course is that what I have learned is
just the theoriesof how to manage the primary ESL classroom. So, during the practicum
I faced difficulties inapplying the theories in my classroom because I had never practice
it before even during themicroteaching. Moreover, the theories is not taking account into
various types of pupils withdifferent abilities and learning styles that I might faced. That
is why at first I failed to set therules and routines during my first class because there were some
pupils who were unable tounderstand me. Scrivener & Thornbury (2012) stated that the
numbers of pupils in a
classroom will affect the teacher’s classroom management. For example,
it seemsimpossible to get to know to every pupil
’s problem like suggested by Glasser in his theory if
there are many pupils in that a classroom.
TENGKU ALIF MUKHLIS BIN TENGKU EZANI920921-03-5665
During the course, I was only given exposure to the theories of how to manage theESL
classroom theoretically. In my opinion, before I go for my first practicum I should
havebeen exposed to how the real teaching is being conducted. That is why think that
theobservation to an ESL lesson should be conducted more frequent before the
practicumbegins and not during the practicum. The rationale of doing the observation
before thepracticum begins isbecause itcanequipped the teacher trainees with a lot of input
andknowledge on how to manage a classroom before he or she entered a class during
the firstpracticum. Furthermore, I think the microteaching should be conducted with the
real pupils.Previously, during the microteaching the pupils for the teaching were our
classmates. So, we
were not able to create a lesson plan for the real pupil’s level. That is why during the
practicum the lesson plan is completely different with what we had done during
themicroteaching. As a conclusion, the course managing the primary ESL classroom is
a very goodcourse which helps teacher trainees to get an initial overview of how the
practicum will beconducted. However, there are activities that should be done earlier in
order to get theteacher trainees to be more ready to face any possibilities. Overall, I
think the knowledgethat I gained through this course has helped me a lot during my first
practicum. Lastly,teacher must be able to prepare classroom plan that is able to achieve
the aims of creating apositive classroom environment.
TENGKU ALIF MUKHLIS BIN TENGKU EZANI920921-03-5665
REFERENCESEvertson, C. M., & Weinstein, C. S. (2006). Handbook of classroom
management: Research,practice, and contemporary issues. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates.Haliza Hamzah, & Samuel, J. N. (2009).

7. Pengurusanbilik darjahdan tingkah laku
. Shah Alam: Oxford Fajar.Khine, M. S., Lourdasamy, A., Choon, Q. L., & Wong, A. F.
(2005).
Classroom management:Facilitating teaching and learning
. Singapore: Pearson/Prentice Hall
Scrivener, J., & Thornbury, S. (2012).
Classroom management techniques
. Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.Shahabudin Hashim, &Noor Miza Abdul
Rahman (2014).
Kaedahpengajaran dan pembelajaran kerohanian kanak-kanak
. Retrieved from
http://books.google.com.my/books?id=dX_MAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=g
bs_ e_summary _r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false.Tauber, R. T. (2007).
Classroom management: Sound theory and effective practice
.Westport, Conn: Praeger Publishers