The document provides an introduction to macromolecules (biomolecules) that make up living things. It discusses the four main types of organic macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It provides examples of monomer subunits that combine to form polymers of each type of macromolecule, along with their basic structures and roles in living things.

1. Biochemistry Introduction of Macromolecules

2. WORD BREAKDOWN: macromolecule

6. Organic Substances Poly mers are formed from the linking together of many similar mono mers .

9. Organic Substances Poly mers are formed from the linking together of many similar mono mers . This statement should now make more sense now that we know the vocab root meaning!

10. Organic Substances Think of biomolecules as “giant molecules” formed from thousands or hundreds of thousands of smaller molecules. Mono mers (links) are the smaller units which are joined together to form poly mers (bike chain)

11. Organic Substances Structure Subunit Types Roles Examples Identification Carbohydrate Lipids Protein Nucleic Acid

15. More to come about these two!

16. Organic Substances Monosaccharides ??? (coming soon) Quick Energy ??? (coming soon) Glucose Fructose ??? (coming soon) Benedict’s Reagent ??? (coming soon) Structure Subunit Types Roles Examples Identification Carbohydrate Monosaccharides Lipids Protein Nucleic Acid

18. Glycerol + Fatty Acid tails Lipids Glycerol Fatty Acid tails

19. What do these all have in common? Which one is different? A B C D E F

22. LIPIDS “ PHOSPHO”LIPID Cell Membrane

23. LIPIDS What are trans fats ? UNSATURATED TRANS FAT

27. Organic Substances Many types Biuret’s Reagent Structure Subunit Types Roles Examples Identification Carbohydrate Lipids Protein Amino acids Nucleic Acid Meats Hormones Muscle Hair Nails Enzymes Blood Cells catalysts transport movement protection immune growth

28. NUCLEIC ACIDS DNA RNA

29. NUCLEIC ACIDS Nucleic acids are the only macromolecules with the unique ability to REPRODUCE themselves and carry the code that directs all of the cell’s activities.

31. NUCLEIC ACIDS The pentose (5 carbon) sugar in a nucleotide is either ribose (RNA) or deoxyribose (DNA).

32. NUCLEIC ACIDS PHOSPHATE GROUP

34. NUCLEIC ACIDS ATP ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE An individual nucleotide that functions in energy transfer (acts like a battery) in the cell. adenine ribose triphosphate

35. Organic Substances Direct cell processes Protein Synthesis Cellular energy DNA RNA ATP None  DNA RNA ATP Nucleotides Structure Subunit Types Roles Examples Identification Carbohydrate Lipids Protein Nucleic Acid