Google Book Settlement
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A presentation for the ZSR Library (with notes slides)
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Google Book Settlement
- 1. The Google Books Settlement A Brief Introduction for the ZSR Library Lauren Pressley Instructional Design Librarian December 18, 2008
- 2. “The Google Settlement - From the Universal Library to the Universal Bookstore” -Paul Courant http://paulcourant.net/
- 3. History of Google Books
- 6. 1996 • Initial work on Google (BackRub)
- 8. 1997 • DVDs introduced to American market • “Backrub” renamed “Google”
- 9. 1998
- 10. 1998 • Mozilla Foundation formed • Google received first funding, space, and hired first employee
- 11. 2002 http://www.flickr.com/photos/11127460@N00/1476380120
- 12. 2002 • Friendster started • Google begins a “secret” book project
- 14. 2003 • SecondLife • Google begins experimentation with scanning books
- 15. 2004
- 16. 2004 • theFacebook.com created • Google begins forming relationships with libraries and publishers • Announce Google Print project
- 18. 2005 • One Laptop Per Child announced • Rename to “Google Books”
- 19. 2006 http://www.flickr.com/photos/39772953@N00/144457380
- 20. 2006 • The Nintendo Wii • Improve the Google Books interface, adding features including “about this book” pages
- 21. 2007 http://www.flickr.com/photos/65782757@N00/1517837041
- 22. 2007 • The iPhone • Google Books adds rich metadata: popular passages, places in this book, etc.
- 23. 2008
- 24. Recent Developments • More than 7 million books • Magazines
- 25. 7+ Million Books http://www.flickr.com/photos/51035555243@N01/85441961
- 26. Magazines! http://www.flickr.com/photos/68676385@N00/28406568
- 27. Questionable Conduct • Scanning = Copying • Did Google need a license to copy? • Google said, “No: Fair use!”
- 30. The Suit • Author’s Guild and several authors • Followed by October 19 suit by five Association of American Publishers members • Argued: Google violating copyright
- 32. October 28, 2008
- 33. Settlement • Over 130 Pages • $125 Million Dollars • Google becomes the web’s largest online commercial bookseller.
- 34. [The deal is]“breathtaking in scope, groundbreaking for publishers and authors, and trailblazing for intellectual property in general.” - Richard Sarnoff, chairman of the AAP http://chronicle.com/wiredcampus/article/3423/google-publishers-and-authors-settle-huge-lawsuit-over-book-scanning-project
- 35. 130+ Pages http://www.flickr.com/photos/cdm/43454184/
- 36. $125M http://www.flickr.com/photos/21313845@N04/2402698820/
- 39. “Where does this leave the role of the publisher? Anyone can publish content now and peer reviewing can take place in an entirely different way.” -Phil Bradley, blogger and library consultant http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/features/2231863/tight-embrace
- 40. Settlement • Creates a Book Rights Registry • Pays Legal Fees • Pays Rights Holders
- 41. Settlement • Excludes: • Periodicals • Personal Papers • Works with a quantity of musical notation or lyrics
- 45. Book Rights Registry • Created by Google • Overseen by board of publishers and authors • Will locate and represent copyright holders • Will be funded by portion of Google’s revenues
- 46. Book Rights Registry http://www.flickr.com/photos/11086302@N00/2414864070
- 48. What Rightsholders Got • Can opt in and maintain over how much content can be seen • Can set prices or use Google algorithm • Receive between 35% and 100% revenue
- 49. “We had a major disagreement with Google about copyright law... We still do, and probably always will.” But he said that the parties had been “able to set those issues aside” for what “may be the biggest book deal in U.S. publishing history.” -Paul Aiken, Author’s Guild executive director http://chronicle.com/wiredcampus/article/3423/google- publishers-and-authors-settle-huge-lawsuit-over-book-scanning-project
- 51. What Google Got • The market: settlement makes it harder for competition • Largest online bookstore: access, print, and buy books • Retain 37% revenue • Has the option for print-on-demand and subscription services
- 52. What Google Got • Publishers agreed not to sue if mistakes were made with regard to orphan works • Can display more text
- 54. What Americans Got • More content will be viewable • Will be able to buy online access to a book or print out books for a per-page charge • Perpetual computer access to purchased books • Copy and paste for purchased books
- 55. What Americans Got • Watermarked printing • Annotations, and the ability to share with 25 people
- 56. “Although it is only a US settlement I think it is going to set a precedent or standard worldwide. The business model is going to become a paradigm for everybody.” -Mark Cardin, VP of Mylibrary provider Ingram Micro http:// www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/features/2231863/tight-embrace
- 58. What not-for-profitLibraries Got and Public higher education institutions that request it • One (library provided) access terminal per building for 4,000 FTE • Software to navigate the collection
- 59. What Academic Libraries Got • Ability to subscribe to the service • Remote access for faculty at home and students in residence halls
- 60. “This is a service that libraries, because of copyright restrictions, could not offer on their own and goes well beyond what would have been possible, even if Google had prevailed in defending the lawsuit.” -Paul Courant http://chronicle.com/wiredcampus/article/3423/ google-publishers-and-authors-settle-huge-lawsuit-over-book-scanning-project
- 61. Library Pricing http://www.flickr.com/photos/mamabarns/379951706/
- 62. Library Pricing • Still in process • Governed by plaintiffs (none of which were libraries) • Guided by: • Similar products, scope of books, quality of scan, available features
- 63. Library Pricing • Will be able to purchase discipline- based collections • Google can subsidize “fully participating” and “cooperating” library subscriptions • Initial pricing structures will last 2-3 years
- 64. Library Types • Fully Participating: lets google scan, retain copies, follow security provisions • Cooperating: lets google scan, without copies and associated security provisions • Public Domain: Provide Google Public Domain works • Other: Allow scanning without participating in the settlement
- 65. The Research Corpus • Subset of the collection for sophisticated computer analysis and research • Libraries choose two sites, Google is the third • Designed for non-consumptive research: • image analysis, text extraction, textual analysis, etc.
- 67. Next Actions • Soon: Registry to begin • 6/11/09: Court approval • Rightsholders will have 120 days to opt out (and still, after that) • Mid/late-2009: Final approval expected • 2010: Likely to go into effect
- 68. Further Resources • Google: http://books.google.com/googlebooks/agreement/press.html • AAP: http://publishers.org/main/Copyright/Google/Release.htm • Author’s Guild: http://www.authorsguild.org/advocacy/ articles/settlement-resources.html • ARL Paper: http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/google- settlement-13nov08.pdf • Other Links: http://delicious.com/laurenpressley/gps
- 69. “IMHO, this is a good deal that could be the basis for something really fantastic.” -Lawrence Lessig http://lessig.org/blog/2008/10/ on_the_google_book_search_agre.html