1. Global Renewable Energy Policy Perspectives
Key Facts and Figures from the REN21 Renewables Global Status Report 2012
and the Global Futures Report 2013
Parliamentary Hearing: 100% RE in European Regions
6 October 2012, Thy, Denmark
Lily Riahi
Policy Advisor
www.ren21.net

2. About REN21
Multi-stakeholder Policy Network grouping:
 National governments:
Brazil, Germany, Denmark, UK, Spain, Norway, India, UAE, US, Uganda, Morocc
o, etc.
 International organisations: EC, IEA, IRENA, UNEP, UNIDO, UNDP, ADB, GEF, etc
 Industry associations: RENAlliance
(WWEA, WBA, IGA, ISES, IHA), ARE, GWEC, EREC, etc
 Science & Academia: SANEDI, IIASA, TERI, etc.
 NGOs: WWF, Greenpeace, ICLEI, CURES, WRI, etc.
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Objective: enable a rapid global transition to RE through:
 objective policy guidance
 high quality information
 exchange among relevant actors
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3. REN21 Renewables Global Status Report
 Launched on June 11, 2012 along with UNEP’s Global trends in RE investment
 Team of over 400 Contributors, researchers & reviewers worldwide
 Lead author (Janet Sawin) & Chapter authors
 Regional Contributors , Technology contributors & Rural energy contributors
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 REN21 Secretariat research support team
The report features:
 Global Market Overview, Investment Flows, Industry Trends,
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Policy Landscape, Rural Renewable Energy
 All renewable energy technologies
 Sectors: power, heating/cooling, transport
 New elements in 2012:
 Rural renewable energy
www.ren21.net/GSR
 Renewable energy & energy efficiency
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4. Renewable Energy in the World
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Click to 17% of global final energy consumption
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 RE supplied an estimated
 UN Secretary General’s goal : doubling the share of renewable energy in the
global energy mix by 2030
 Renewable energy continued to grow strongly despite policy uncertainty in
some countries, the geography of renewables is expanding as prices fall and
policies spread
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5. Top 5 in 2012
 Germany continues to lead
in Europe and to be in the
forefront
globally, remaining among
the top users of many
renewable technologies for
power, heating, and
transport.
 China ended 2011 with
more renewable power
capacity than any other
country, with an estimated
282 GW; one-quarter of this
total (70 GW) was nonhydro.

6. Global Market Overview – Power Markets
 Renewables accounted for nearly
half of the estimated 208GW of new
electric capacity installed in 2011
 Renewable title style
electric
capacity
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worldwide
1,360
in 2011
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 Renewable energy comprised more
than subtitle power
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generation capacity
 20.3% of global electricity was
produced from renewable energy
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7. Global Market Overview – Heating & Cooling
 Transition towards the use
of larger
systems, increasing use of
CHP and district schemes.
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 Growing trend use
resources to generate
process heat for industry.
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 Solar hot water used in
over 200 million
households and
commercial buildings.
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 Space Heating
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8. Global Market Overview – Transport
 RE used in form of electricity, hydrogen, biogas, liquid biofuels
 Liquid biofuels provided 3% of global road transport fuel in
2011
 Electric transport is being tied directly with renewable energy
through policy directives in many countries
 Johannesburg, South Africa introduced 25 ethanol buses into
its public transportation fleet during 2011

9. Hydropower
 25GW of new hydropower was
added in 2011, increasing capacity
by nearly 3%, bringing installed
capacity to 970GW
 Globally hydropower generated
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3,400TWh of electricity in 2011.
China alone produced 663TWh
followed by Brazil (450TWh)
Key role in balancing
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 In late
2011, Burundi, Rwanda, and
Tanzania announced plans to build
a 90MW hydropower plant, with
financing expected from the
World Bank and AfDB
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10. Solar Power
 30GW of new solar PV capacity came into
being in 2011, 80GW total
 PV 58% increase in installed capacity annually
(2006-2011) , CSP 37%
 460 MW of CSP installed in 2011 bringing the
total installed capacity to 1.760 MW
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 EU added more PV than any other technology
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11. Wind Power
 In 2011, 40GW of wind power capacity
was installed, increasing the total to
238GW.
 Annual growth rate of cumulative wind
power capacity between 2006-2010
averaged at 26%
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 Wind power accounted for 30% of the
total new renewable energy capacity
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12. Biomass Energy
 Biomass energy accounted for
over 10% of global primary energy
supply in 2011
 The present global demand for
biomass is 53EJ, mainly used for
heating, cooking and industrial
applications
 Liquid biofuels production grew
rapidly at 17% for ethanol and
27% for biodiesel
 Most sugar producing countries in
Africa generate power and heat
with bagasse-based combined
heat and power plants. Grid
connected CHP exists in
Kenya, Mauritius, Tanzania, Ugand
a and Zimbabwe

13. Geothermal Energy
 205 TWh (736PJ) of district heat and
electricity was provided by
geothermal resources in 2011
 Heat output from geothermal
sources grew at 100%p.a. from
2005-2010; reaching 489PJ in 2011
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 Geothermal power became more
attractive due to flexibility offered
by new technologies such as flash
plants combined with binary
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bottoming cycles for increased
efficiency
 Geothermal Power has taken hold
in East Africa’s Rift Valley. Drought
in the region has increased interest
on geothermal to reduce reliability
on hydropower
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14. Industry Trends
c
 RE industry saw continued growth in
manufacturing, sales and installation
 Cost reductions (especially in PV and
onshore wind) contributed to growth
 Changing policy landscape in many
countries  industry
uncertainties, declining policy
support, international financial crisis
and barriers to trade
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 Worldwide jobs in renewable energy
industries exceeded 5 million in 2011;
clustered primarily in bioenergy and
solar industries
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 Green power markets are emerging in
South Africa, with at least one
company providing green power to
retail customers in South Africa
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15. Investment Flows
 Total global investment in RE jumped
in 2011to a record of $257 billion , up
17% from 2010 (15 % for Asia
Oceania region).
 This is 6 title style
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in 2004 and 94% more than the total
investment in RE in 2007.
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 Despite the rise in investment, the
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below the 37% rise in investment
from 2009 to 2010.
Source: UNEP/Bloomberg: Global Trends in Renewable Energy
Investment 2011
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 Total investment in the RE sector in
the Middle East and Africa combined
was USD 4.9 Billion.
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16. Investment Flows

The top 5 countries for total investment
in 2011 were China, USA, Germany, Italy
and India.

Investment in RE in China went up by
17% in 2011
 Investment in RE in USA made a
significant leap of 57% in 2011.
 Investment in Germany (excluding R&D)
dipped 12% from the 2010 levels

Investment in RE in India went up by
62% in 2011

17. Policy Landscape
 Targets in at least 118
countries up from the 96
reported in previous year;
more than half are
developing countries
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 Some setbacks resulting
from a lack of long-term
policy certainty and
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stability in many
 South Africa introduced a
new 20 year plan calling for
renewables to account for
42% of all new capacity
installed up to 2030
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18. Policy Landscape
 Renewable power generation policies remain
the most common type of support policy;
Feed-in-tariffs (FIT) and renewable portfolio
standards (RPS) are the most commonly
instruments. FIT policies were in place in at
least 65 countries and 27 states worldwide
by early 2012.
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 Policies to promote renewable heating and
cooling expanded.
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 Almost two-thirds of the world’s largest
cities had adopted climate change action
plans by the end of 2011, with more than
half of them planning to increase their
uptake of renewable energy.
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19. Energy Access
 UN Secretary General’s goal: Global action to achieve universal access to
modern energy services by 2030
 In order to achieve universal access for all, the current global investments on
energy access of annual 9 billion USD need to be increased to 48 billion USD
annually
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 2.6 billion people still employed traditional cookstoves and open fires for
heating and cooking in 2011
 Large numbers of actors and programmes, with limited coordination, makes
impact assessment and data collection in the region a big challenge
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diversify into emerging markets
 Financial models in rural energy include:
• Small retail markets
• Public-Private micro financing initiatives
• National/multi stakeholder programmes
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20.  Tool to facilitate dialogue on the future of renewable energy
 Aims at providing a simple overview on how the future of RE is currently
seen by prominent experts, governments, and institutions
 Based on more than 150 interviews conducted around the world
 Emphasis on role of local governments and visions for cities of the
future
 First review draft available upon request
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
REN21 Global Futures Report (GFR)

21. Green city Dynamics …
By 2011
 62% of the world’s largest cities had adopted climate change actions
 57% had plans for GHG reductions with an emphasis on renewable energy
Examples of renewable energy targets by cities:
 Vaxjo, Sweden aims to be 100% renewable energy driven by 2030
 City of Austin, USA met its target for 100% of own use electricity from renewables, and
target of 30% RE by 2020
 Hamburg, Germany plans to reduce 80% of their CO2 emissions by 2050 (base 1990)
 Cape Town, South Africa to produce 10% of its primary energy supply from renewable
energy sources by 2020
 Seoul, South Korea has a renewable energy supply target of 20% by 2030
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Green Momentum: Thousands of cities have active policies, plans, or targets
for RE and climate mitigation

22. i)
Using Municipal Utilities
 Transforming production infrastructure to integrate greater share of
renewable energy in the electric supply in Munich, Copenhagen, Vaxjo, etc
where the city owns the energy utility.
ii) Re-Municipalisation of Energy Utilities and The Grid
 Modelled after the “Sustainable Energy Initiative” of Delaware, the city of
Philadelphia has created a sustainable energy authority that will invest in
RE . New York and Vermont are also going for the same approach.
 Hamburg and Boulder are re-municipalising their utility. Hamburg for
instance has set up Hamburg Energie that will invest in RE.
iii) Renegotiating Contracts with Energy Utilities
 Ithaca, New York has switched to 100 % RE electricity
 Austin, Texas are powering their municipal facilities with 100% renewable.
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Switching to Renewable Energy

23.  Buildings currently account for 40% of the world energy consumption
 Buildings around the world are considerably being transformed with the emergence
of ‘passive buildings ’, ‘zero-energy buildings’, ‘net-zero buildings’, ‘carbon-neutral
buildings’ and ‘living buildings’
All city buildings in Austin are to
be carbon neutral by 2020
Oregon Sustainable
Center in Portland
All new developments in
Amsterdam to be energy neutral
from 2015 onwards.
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Buildings- Consumers to Prosumers

24.  Currently 85 % of energy used in urban transport comes from fossil fuels
 Rebuilding the urban transportion system that are driven by renewables is the goal of
many cities around the world.
Hong Kong, Mexico City and Sydney are investing extensively in the electrification of their railway systems
Conversion of Rail bound transport to 100% RE e.g Hamburg (by 2050) and Calgary
Sao Paulo introduced 60 ethanol buses in 2011. 1200 buses are now using a B20 blend in the city of Sao
Paulo. Johannesburg also introduced 25 ethanol buses in 2011
Mexico city is currently building solar powered charging stations in order to to put 100 EV’s on the road by
the end of 2012
Austin, Texas is currently supplying 50 charging stations in the city with renewable electricity
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Transportation- Electric Mobility

25.  As buildings are being transformed, cities and local governments will be looking to
use more renewables for their heating and cooling purposes
 District heating system will be key to an effective and green heating system using
biomass, geothermal or solar thermal collectors.
Vaxjo, Sweden fulfills 90% of its heating demand from biomass
Amsterdam district heating system uses biomass of biogas
98% of the homes in Copenhagen are connected to the district system
fired by biomass
Munich and Seoul are investing in geothermal; Munich plans to meet
80% of its heating needs via geothermal sources
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Heating and Cooling- the Sleeping Giant

26. The concept of smart cities is to make intensive use of ICT to enhance energy
efficiency, maximise the integration and use of renewables in buildings and in local
electricity grid and ensure the smooth roll out of EV`s. It enables intelligent energy
management and creates a system of:
Smart Grids
Smart Buildings
Smart Transport
Currently there are 102 smart city project in the world including
Amsterdam, Seoul, Boulder, Colorado, Johannesburg, Lagos and Delhi.
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Smart Cities

27. Enhanced
energy
security, more
stable climate
Right policy
framework
Increased
productivity &
growth
Improved
public health
Creation of
jobs
REN21 Urban Energy Futures
Enabling Frameworks

28. REN21 facilitates global dialogue on
RE transition
Stay informed, Stay connected
Contribute & Exchange…
15-17 January 2013
incl. Launch of
REN21 Global Futures Report
www.ren21.net
secretariat@ren21.net

29. Thank – You!
Further Information:
REN21 Global Futures Report
Lily Riahi
Policy Advisor
lily.riahi@ren21.net
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www.ren21.net/gsr
www.map.ren21.net
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