1. 6/1

2. (Function)

4. type int ,
float , char , double , void
void
int
function_name
type parameter parameter
, N
parameter void
{
location variable declaration
statement_ ; statement_ ; ... statement_N
return(value);

5. F N T N INC
U C IO S
CS A D R
TNAD PO RM E
R G A MR
LIBRARY DF E F N T N
E IN D U C IO
1. User-defined
Function)
2. Standard Function)
include directives header file

6. 1.
1.1
type function_name(type1 arg1, type2 arg2,.., typeN argN)
{
local variable declaration;
statement(s);
return( varlue);
}

7. type
type int, float, char
double int
type void
function_name
type1 arg1, type2 arg2,…, typeN argN
argument 1, 2, 3,…, N
void
{
}
local variable declaration
local
statement(s) 1
; (semicolon)
return(value)
value ()

8. #include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void one(void); /* function Prototype
void two(void); /* function Prototype
void main(void)
{
clrscr();
one(); /* call one() */
two(); /* call two() */
printf("nPress any key back to program ...");
getch();
}
/* one function */
void one()
{
int a=5, b=7;
printf("A = %d, B = %dn",a,b);
}
/* two function */
void two()
{
float p=4.5, q=3.5;
p+=q;
printf("P = %6.3f, Q = %6.3fn",p,q);
}

9. 3 4 void one(void); void two(void);
one( ) two( )
void one( )
two( ) void
() one( ) two argument
main( )
8 9 one( ); two( );
one( ) two( ) one( )
14 18 two( ) 20 25
14 18 one( ) a
b
20 25 two( ) p

10. 







11. 1.2
2


#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
Main () Main ()
{ {
Function-name2 (); Function-name1 ();
…………………... Function-name2
Function-name1 (); ();
} …………………..
}

12. 
#include

13. 1.3
()
void function_name(void )

14. #include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void asterisk_line(void);
void main(void)
{
clrscr( );
asterisk_line( );
printf("****** C and C++ PROGRAMMING ******n");
asterisk_line();
printf("nPress any key back to program ...");
getch();
}
/* asterisk_line function */
void asterisk_line( )
{
int j, n=40;
for(j=1; j<=n; j++)
printf("*");
printf("n");
}

15. 3 void asterisk_line (void);
asterisk_line( )
7 9 asterisk_line(
) 14 19
14 19 asterisk_line( )
* 40
10 11
enter

16. 1.4
void function_name (type_parameter parameter_name [,..] ) ;

17. #include <stdio.h>
Void addition (int , int ) ;
Void main ()
{
Int a,b ;
……....
Addition (a,b) ;
}
Void addition (int m , int n)
{
…............
}

18. 1.5
Type_variable function_name
(parameter_name
Type_variable
function_name
parameter_name

19. 

20. 
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int calculate(int, int);
void main(void)
{
int p=3, q=4, r;
clrscr( );
r = calculate(p,q);
printf("P = %d, Q = %d, R = %dn",p,q,r);
printf("nPress any key back to program ...");
getch();
} /* end main() */
int calculate(int p, int q)
{
return (p+q);
}

21. 3 int calculate (int, int);
argument 2 int
int
caculate( )
8 r = caculate (p, q);
caculate( ) p q
caculate( )
13 16
13 16 caculate( )
p q
main( )
r
9 p, q r

22. 1.6
variable_name = function_name();
variable_name
return (value)


23. 

24. 1.7
 (Local Variable)
 (Global Variable)
(
)

25. 
/* 7th Sample Program: Local vs Global Variable */
#include<stdio.h>
int ans = 0;
int inc_one(int); /* function prototype */
void main()
{
int a = 3;
ans = inc_one(a);
printf(“Answer is %dn”, ans);
}
/* function definition: return x+1 */
int inc_one(int x)
{
int ans;
ans = x + 1;
return ans;
}

26. ans
(main)
ans
a
inc_one x ans
ans
ans
inc_one
ans
inc_one ans

27. 
PROGRAM AA;
VAR NUM:INTEGER;
PROCEDURE A;
BEGIN
NUM:=NUM*10; RUN
WRITELN(‘NUM*10 = ‘,NUM);
END; NUM*10 = 50
VAR ANY:INTEGER;
PROCEDURE B; NUM = 124
VAR NUM,CNTR:INTEGER;
BEGIN
CNTR = 122
NUM:=124; BACK TO MAIN
WRITELN(‘NUM = ‘,NUM);
CNTR:=122; NUM = 50
WRITELN(‘CNTR =’,CNTR);
END;
BEGIN {MAIN PROGRAM}
NUM:=5;
WRITELN(‘IN MAIN’,’NUM = ‘,NUM);
A;
B;
WRITELN(‘BACK TO MAIN NUM = ‘,NUM);
END.

28. - NUM
output output program
A
- NUM, cntr program B B
NUM NUM
NUM NUM=5 A
10 50 B 124
124 50 NUM
- procedure B ANY
procedure A procedure B
- B A A B

29. 2.
C
Header
#include

30. #include<stdio.h> #include<math.h>
void main() Square root 4 =
Square root 4 =
{ 2.000000
2.000000
printf(“square root 4 =”); 5 power 3 =
5 power 3 =
printf(“%fn”, sqrt(4));
125.000000
125.000000
printf(“5 power 3 =”);
printf(“%f”, pow(5,3));
}
include .h
printf scanf include
stdio.h
sqrt pow
include math.h

31. 2.1
math.h
double
double
sin(), cos()
tan()

32. math.h
double
double
sin(x) sine x
cos(x) cosine x (radian)
tan(x) tangent x
(radian)
sqrt(x) x x
exp(x) ex e 2.718282
pow(x,y) xy
log(x) log e natural logarithm
x
log10(x) log 10 x
ceil(x) x x

34. 2.2
(string.h)• string.h
strcpy
: string 2
string 1
< strcpy ( , )
>
strcpy string 1,string 2
strcat
:
string 2 string 1
strcat string 1,string 2

35. strcmp
:
string 1 string 2 1
string 1 string 2 0
strcmp string 1,string 2
strlen
:
strlen string
strcmpi
:
string 1 string 2 0
string 1 < string 2 <0
string 1 > string 2 >0
strcmpi string 1,string 2

36. 2.3
#include <ctype.h>
TOLOWER LOWER
TOLOWER(text)
text
TOUPPER UPPER LOWER
TOUPPER
TOUPPER(text)

38. 2
4
1.
2.
3. -
4.

39. –
printf

40. 1. char s3[5] = {‘G’, ‘O’, ‘O’, ‘D’, ‘0’}; s3
ก)
ข)
ค) . .
ง)
2.
ก)
ข)
ค) .
ง)
3.
ก) int function_name(type arg, …)
ข) void function_name(type arg, …)
ค) function_name(type arg, ….)
ง) void function_name()

41. 4.
ก)
ข)
ค)
ง)
5.
ก)
ข) 
ค) {} []
ง)
6. char s1[9] = “LANGUAGE”; s1
ก)
ข)
ค) . .
ง)

42. 7. char s2[4] = {‘G’, ‘O’, ‘O’, ‘D’}; s2
ก)
ข)
ค) . .
ง)
8.
ก) function_name();
ข) function_name()
ค) function_name(arg1,arg2)
ง) Function_name(arg1; arg2);
9.
ก) int function_name(type arg, …)
ข) void function_name(type arg, …)
ค) function_name(type arg, ….)
ง) void function_name()

43. 10.
ก) strcmp strcmp string 1,string 2
ข) strcat strcat string 1,string 2
ค) strcpy strcpy string 1,string 2
ง) strlen strlen string

44. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

45. 1. 13
2. 14
3. 19
4. 21
5. 22
6. 23
6/1