Pesticides are substances intended to control pests. While they have increased crop yields, pesticides can also harm humans and the environment. Traditional methods provide natural alternatives such as light traps, smoke, and intercropping with pest-repelling plants. A more sustainable approach is Integrated Pest Management (IPM), which uses biological, cultural, and mechanical/physical controls combined with selective pesticide use for long-term prevention of pest damage. IPM benefits from pesticides' effectiveness and enables other management practices while reducing risks to health and environment.

1. Pesticides
By- Lovnish Thakur
ASU2014010100099

2. Introduction
Agriculture is the life blood of the national
economy, as more than 70% of human
population in India depends on agriculture for
their livelihood.
In recent years, there has been a marked increase
in crop productivity due to genetic
manipulation, use of fertilizers, pest control
measures, mechanization and sound ecological
methods

3. Pesticides
• Any substance or mixture of substances,
intended for preventing, destroying, or
mitigating any pest

4. Harmful Effect of Pesticides
• Pesticides in humans can lead to severe
disorders in our reproductive, nervous and
immune system
• it can easily lead to death of baby and even if
the baby is produced will have lots of disorders
or even loss of limbs

5. Traditional methods
• Light traps : Most adult insects are attracted
towards light in night. This principle is used to
attract the insect and trapped in a mechanical
device.
• Smoke is generated at the base of fruit trees
• Common salt is applied to the base of plants
• Planting of Calotropis in the field of ginger
• Spreading of Calotropis twigs in the field

6. Sustainable Approach

7. IPM
Integrated pest management (IPM) is an
ecosystem-based strategy that focuses on
long-term prevention of pests or their damage
through a combination of techniques such as
• biological control
• habitat manipulation
• modification of cultural practices
• use of resistant varieties

8. Biological control
• Biological control is the use of natural
enemies—predators, parasites, pathogens, and
competitors to control pests and their damage.
Cultural controls
Cultural controls are practices that reduce pest
establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and
survival.
For example, changing irrigation practices can
reduce pest problems, since too much water
can increase root disease and weeds.

9. Mechanical and physical controls
• Traps for rodents are examples of mechanical
control.
• Physical controls include mulches for weed
management, steam sterilization of the soil for
disease management, or barriers such as
screens to keep birds or insects out

10. Benefits of Pesticides in IPM
•Inexpensive
•Greater control confidence
•Effective and rapid
•Therapeutic
•Management efficiency
•Can enable other management practices

11. THANK YOU