FTTx Basics & Its Network Basics

FTTH Design and Network
Basics
• Mahendra Lathi

Agenda
• Drivers for FTTx
• Why fiber
• Fiber feeds everything
• Flavors of FTTX
• Nuts and bolts – the components
• Installation techniques
• Network design configurations
• Machines & Tool
• FTTx Roll out /Delivery Mechanism

The world is changing
• In the past 15 years, we’ve seen…
– The Internet
– iPods
– HDTVs
– DVRs
– Smartphones (Blackberry, iPhone, etc)
– Tablet computers
• All of these revolutionary technologies require
more BANDWIDTH (telecommunications capacity)
We must expect and plan for more and faster changes
in the future!

Video on all screens - HDTV
An image is built on a screen, pixel by pixel,
One HDTV program = 8-12 Mbps
Pixel
1920 pixels
1080
pixels
1 house = 48 Mbps
bandwidth, just for video,
today…
How about tomorrow?TV + DVR
24 Mbps
TV
12 Mbps
TV
12 Mbps

Video Evolution over next 5 – 10 years
H.262 or MPEG-
2
H.264 or
MPEG-4
Standard
Definition (SD)
480p 249 7 2
High Definition
(HD) 1080i/720p 1,493 16 8
Growing Fast
Very High
Definition (VHD)
1080p 2,986 32 16
Super HD 2160p 14,930 100 50
Ultra HD 4320p 59,720 400 200
Mature
New Standards
2D Video Format Mb/s Native
per stream
Mb/s (compressed)
* ITU Recommendation J.601, Transport of Large Scale Digital Imagery (LSDI) applications
Source: OFS Estimates from Industry Data
T
o
d
a
y

Video Bandwidth Growth Driving Fiber To The Home (FTTH)
Source: Technology
futures and OFS
Text Pictures Video HD SHD 3D
0
0.001
0.01
1
10
100
1,000
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Year
TopTierDataRate(Mb/s)
Analog
Modems
Digital
42% annual growth
Increasing 4 times
every 4 years
0.1
2012 Offers
20 - 1,000 Mbps
10,000
Copper
Speed
Limit
Fiber:
No limit!!*
* Fiber limit is
>50 Tbps
Data Rate to Each Home

Agenda
• Drivers for FTTx
• Why fiber
• Fiber feeds everything
• Flavors of FTTX
• Nuts and bolts – the components
• Installation techniques
• Network design configurations
• FTTx Roll out /Delivery Mechanism

1 Fiber Cable
>50 Tbps
>5000 KM
Why Fiber?
Greater bandwidth, longer distance, lowest cost per bit
Bandwidth Distance Cost per Bit
Copper
Bandwidth Distance Cost per Bit
Fiber
2400 Pair
Copper
Cable
100 Gbps
to 1 KM

Why fiber?
Lower cost, higher performance
• Metallic cable technologies are approaching
their useful limits
• Copper (telephone) and coaxial cables
(Cable TV)
– More expensive, less reliable, less
capacity
• Wireless systems have significant capacity
limitations
• Fiber optic cable is less expensive than
copper, more reliable and has more capacity
Feature Benefit
High bandwidth High information carrying
capacity
Low attenuation Long distances without
repeaters…less expensive
Light weight
Small size
Easier installations
Unobtrusive
No metallic
conductors
No grounding problems
No “crosstalk”
Passive No power requirements
No circuit protection
needed
Difficult to tap Very secure
Inexpensive Widely deployable. Cost
effective

Why fiber?
FTTH lower operating expenses (OPEX) versus competing technologies
 Why? Fewer truck rolls
– Remote provisioning though software
– Increased reliability vs copper/coax electronics in
field such DSL/HFC
 Savings estimates vs DSL/Hybrid Fiber-Coax
– FTTH Opex saves $100 to $250 per subscriber vs DSL
or HFC

Wireless Loves Fiber (and vice versa)

Flavors of FTTx
Fiber feeds the cell network
 Mobile bandwidth demand, driven by smartphones and
video, is growing rapidly
 Fiber is needed to and up the tower for 4G networks and
beyond
 Fiber has many advantages for cell network operators,
shown below:
13
Bandwidth
Weight
Tower loading/bracing
Grounding
Installation time
Power losses
Space
Cooling requirements

Flavors of FTTx
Fiber feeds the Telephone and Cable Networks
Telephone: FTTN – Fiber to the Curb/Node
Cable: HFC – Hybrid Fiber Coax
12 - 24 fibers
Switch or Node
Central Office OLT
Twisted Pair or coax
•Fiber to the Node, Copper/coax to the home
•Potential 24-100+ Mbps per subscriber (variable based on distance and metal cable quality)
•Asymmetric bandwidth (more downstream than upstream)
150-1500 m
5 to 100 KMTypical distance range

Flavors of FTTx
Fiber feeds the Power Network
• Fiber is an integral part of the utility communications network
– Substation to substation communications, broad deployment
– Equipment within substations, broad deployment
– FTTH in limited cases
– Smart grid initiatives are changing the nature of power delivery
Transmission Distribution
Nuclear
Renewable
Smart Meter
Micro Grid--:Information
--:Power

FTTH Electronics
Unmanaged Switch
OLT
Encoder & DVD
Fiber Management
A typical FTTH network has an “Optical Line
Terminal” (OLT) or switch at the “Headend”
or “Central Office”
The OLT or switch converts incoming traffic into
laser pulses and sends them down the fiber.
…And an “Optical Network Terminal” (ONT), media
converter, or gateway in the home. The ONT
converts the signals from light to electrical signals.
The ONT contains ports to distribute signals on the
existing home wiring (or wirelessly).
The ONT may be either inside or outside the home.
Fiber ONU

Typical FTTH Architectures
• PON (Passive Optical Network)
– Incorporates a signal divider, such as
an optical power splitter
– One fiber at the central office feeds
many fibers in the field
– G-PON (Gigabit PON) and GE-PON
(Gigabit Ethernet-PON) are the most
common architectures
• Point-to-Point (“Active Ethernet”)
– One fiber in the headend = one
fiber in the field
OLT
Optical power
splitter or wavelength filter
PON
Point to point
Switch
Some equipment will serve both architectures

Summary of today’s common FTTH architectures
GPON GE-PON Point to
Point
(Active
Ethernet)
Current
gen
Next
gen
Current
gen
Next
gen
Downstream
bandwidth
2.4 Gbps
total
10
Gbps
total
1.2 Gbps
total
10
Gbps
total
100 -1000
Mbps per
sub
Upstream
bandwidth
1.2 Gbps
total
10
Gbps
total
1.2 Gbps
total
10
Gbps
total
100 -1000
Mbps per
sub
Typical
distance
20 km 20 km 20 km 20
km
20 km
Wavelengths
(nm),
Downstream/
Upstream)
1490
1310
1577
1270
1550
1310
1577
1270
1550
1310
OLT
Optical power
splitter or wavelength filter
PON
Point to point
Switch

WDM Mux
/DeMuxs
1 fiber per subscriber
975 13 151131
1086 14 161242
l1, l2
WDM
Mux/DeMux
WDM
Mux/DeMux
WDM
Mux/DeMux
WDM
Mux/DeMux
l3, l4
l15, l16
l1, 3 -15
l2, 4, -16
Typical 1 Gb/s up/down dedicated to each subscriber
Longer reach than GPON or GE-PON
Emerging technology
CO or Head End
WDM PON Networks
Provides a dedicated wavelength (light color) per customer

Single-mode Fiber
Central Office or
Head End
•Fiber to a switch or node with many ports to feed multiple
customers
•Uses Cat 5 or higher copper wiring or coax to the unit
•Typical up to 100 Mb/s connection, limited by copper/coax
bandwidth
•Can be either symmetric or asymmetric bandwidth
•Sometimes includes “fiber to the floor”
5 to 80 KMTypical distance range
FTTB – Fiber to the Building (MDUs)
100 m max
in building
Switch or node
Unit
Copper or coax
cables

Light as a Communications Method
Used for hundreds of years
Smoke Signals “One if by land, two
if by sea”

John Tyndall and William Wheeler
• John Tyndall, 1854
• Demonstrated that light could be
guided within a liquid “Light Guide”
• William Wheeler, 1880
• Invented “Light pipes” for home
lighting using reflective pipes
• Similar to concept used today for
interior car illumination
http://www.fiber-optics.info/history

Optical Fiber
Fastest communications pipe available
Core
Cladding
Coating
Light travels in core and is constrained by the cladding
Acrylate coating protects pure silica (glass) cladding
Light ray

vvsv
Fiber Structure
• Core - The center of an optical
fiber. Contains dopants to change
speed of light.
• Cladding - Outer layer of glass to
contain light. Different refractive
index.
• Coating - Cushions and protects
fibers.
125 microns
250 microns
8-62.5
microns
Core
Cladding
Coatings

Two main types of fibers - Single-mode and Multimode
Singlemode fiber – Carries only one mode of light
Multimode fiber – Carries multiple modes of light
Singlemode
Multimode
50-62.5
µm
core
cladding
Index of refraction profiles
8-10 µm
125 µm
125 µm

High level picture of where things go
The FTTx Network – Macro View
Aerial
cable
Underground
cable
Central Office
/Headend
Fiber to the
Cell Site Drop closures
or terminal
Fiber Distribution and
Splitter Cabinet
Drop
cable
Splice
closures

Typical Outside Plant Cable Types –
Aerial and Underground
Ribbon Cables
Aerial Self-Supporting (ADSS),
Duct and armored loose tube cables
Microcables
Blown Fiber Units
Drop Cables

Outside Plant Fiber Optic Cable
• Most often “loose tube” cable structure
–Fibers loose in buffer tubes
• Handles stress/strain and temperature
fluctuations and climatic extremes
–Also available in ribbons
–Fibers and buffers are color coded
• Underground applications
– Direct Buried – typically armored
– Duct cable
• Aerial applications
– Lashed to a messenger
– Self-supporting (ADSS, All-Dielectric, Self-
Supporting
Buffer tube
Fiber
Loose buffer
tube structure
Ribbon fiber and cable structure

Inside Plant Cables
• Indoor cables are different than outdoor cables
• Most often “tight buffer” cable structure
–Provides additional protection for handling
–Facilitates connectorization
• Multiple types of cable structures
• Riser, plenum, low smoke/zero halogen products
–Designed to meet flame smoke ratings
• Yellow colored jacket indicates single-mode fiber

Fiber management devices and closures
• Used to route and connect fibers
• Fiber management devices are
used in the central office or
remote cabinets
• Closures are used in the field to
connect cables together
• Multiple designs available for
each component

Connectors
LC Connector
SC Connector
MPO Connector
(12 fiber ribbon
connector)
• Fibers use special, precisely
manufactured connectors
• Connector color indicates the
polish of the connector
• Polish type indicates amount
of back reflection
• Critical parameter to
ensure proper
transmission
Blue = “Ultra” polish
Green = “Angle” polish

Splitters
Splitters
Splitter Distribution Cabinets
• Used with Passive Optical Network
(PON) systems
• Used to split one fiber into multiple
fibers
– Decreases power
– Splits bandwidth
• Split ratios are factors of 2
– 1x2, 1x4, 1x8, 1x16, 1x32, 1x64,
1x32
• Different deployment methods
– Centralized splits
– Distributed splits
– Cascaded splits

MDU deployments
• MDU installations are different
than single-family home
installations
• Most MDU installations require
tight bends and bend insensitive
fibers
• Manufacturers have developed
fibers and distribution products
specifically for MDU applications

OSP Cable Placement Options
• Aerial
• Fast, minimal
restoration time
• Typical choice for
overbuilding existing
aerial plant
• Below Grade
• Required by
regulations for most
Greenfield installations
• Aesthetically pleasing!

OSP Cable Placement Options
Below Grade
• Direct Buried
• In conduit
• In gas Lines
• In sewers

OSP Buried Considerations
• Existing neighborhood, or a new
development?
• Must call your local “One Call” to
locate existing utilities.
• Expose these utilities wherever
you will be crossing them.
• A vacuum excavator is normally
used to expose utilities. This is
called “soft” excavation.
Source: FTTH Council

Overbuilding with Buried Plant
Directional Drilling
• Bores under driveways, streets, landscape,
around existing utilities
• Least restoration of ground of buried solutions
• Ensures good aesthetics
• Higher skilled operation than other methods
• More expensive equipment
• Typically surface launched
• Pilot bore is followed by a pullback of the cable

Overbuilding with Buried Plant
Vibratory Plow
• Lower cost option where no surface obstacles exist
• Little damage to surface, normally just leaves a
narrow slot
• Typically requires minimal restoration to the
ground after installation
• Conduit/cable is installed behind the plow blade
• Less operator expertise needed
• Normally requires only one operator

Greenfield with Buried Plant
Open cut trenching
• Often lowest cost method
• Easiest to operate method, lower skilled
operator
• Requires the most restoration of the
ground of the 3 methods
• In new developments can lay
cable/conduit in common utilities trench

Splicing
• Fusion
– Most common type of splice
– Fibers joined together and melted at
approximately 1600 degrees C
• Mechanical
– Common overseas
– Less common in US FTTH installations
Splice sleeve to cover completed splice
Illustration of electrodes used
to form fusion splicing arc

Optical Loss Budget
Unmanaged Switch
OLT
Encoder & DVD
Fiber Management
Designers must ensure enough light
can reach the home in both directions.
Component Typical loss values
@ 1550 nm
Fiber 0.25-0.30 dB/km
Splices 0.05 dB
Connectors 0.25 dB
Splitters (1x32) 17-18 dB

PON Design Considerations
CapEx/OpEx
• Cost per Household
• Cost per Subscriber
• Cost to Connect
Scalability
• Ease of in-network additions
• Ease of network extensions
Build ability
• Ability to construction within required timelines
• Ability to construction without damaging customer
relations
5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100%
Hubbed Split $75 $81 $82 $88 $94 $95 $101 $101 $108 $114 $114 $121 $127 $127 $133 $134 $140 $146 $147 $153
Distributed Split $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
IncrementalCost
Incremental Cost per HH Passed Relative to Take Rate

43%
17%
32%
8%
Electronics: OLT and ONT
generations
Electronics: installation labor 4
generations
Construction, Pathways, Design
ODN: Optical Fiber, Cable,
Splitters, Connections
Approximate cost proportions
 Fiber Materials are only ~8% of cost per home*
 Fiber Materials must last decades and support multiple generations of
electronics
FTTH Installed cost per Home*
Proper Selection and Design of the Fiber Materials (the 8%) can
help lower the cost of the other 92%
* 35% take rate, costs and proportions may vary from this typical example

Network Design Options
Home Run or “Active Ethernet”/”Point to Point Design”
Central
Office
OLT or
switch
SFU
SFU
SFU
• Fibers from the OLT/switch all
the way to the home
• For PON, splitters placed in a
central office
• Minimizes OLT port usage
Splitter for PON systems

PON Design Options
Centralized Design
Central
Office
OLT
Splitter
SFU
SFU
SFUF1 Fiber
Cabinet
• Splitters placed in a
cabinet or hub
• Reduces OLT port usage
• Requires investment in
cabinet

PON Design Options
Distributed Design
Central
Office
OLT Splitter
SFU SFU
F1 Fiber F1 Fiber
Splice
Case
Splitter
SFU SFU
Splice
Case
F1 Fiber
• Splitters placed in splice cases
• Minimizes fiber sizes and splicing
• Requires dedicated OLT ports

PON Design Options
Cascaded Design
Central
Office
OLT Splitter
F1 Fiber F1.5 Fiber
Splice Case
or Cabinet
Splitter
SFU SFU
Splice Case
or Cabinet
• Multiple splits between OLT and ONT
• Balance between fiber and OLT port usage
• Increased loss

PON Design Examples
Typical Layout – Centralized Split
250 HHs
Splitter
Cabinet
Roadway
Roadway
288 Fiber
F2,1-280
Dead,281-288
Feeder
Fiber
Households
Drop Pedestals
Drop Pedestal
Serving Area
288 Fiber
F2,1-288
288 Fiber
F2,1-272
Dead,273-288
288 Fiber
F2,1-264
Dead,265-288
288 Fiber
F2,1-256
Dead,257-288

PON Design Examples
Typical Layout – Distributed Split
250 HHs
Feeder
Pick-up
Point
Roadway
Roadway
36 Fiber
F1,1-3 (spare)
F1,4-12
F2,1-16
Dead,29-36
Feeder
Fiber
1x32 Splitter
& Drop Pedestal
IN: F1,12
OUT: F2,1-32
36 Fiber
F1,1-3 (spare)
F1,4-11
Dead,12-24
F2,25-32
Dead,33-36
36 Fiber
F1,1-3 (spare)
F1,4-12
F2,1-8
Dead,21-36
36 Fiber
F1,1-3 (spare)
F1,4-12
Dead,13-36
36 Fiber
F1,1-3 (spare)
F1,4-11
Dead,12-36
Households
Drop Pedestal
Serving Area
Drop Pedestals
Splitter
Serving Area

1. OLT Cost per Port
– As the cost per port drops, designs that require a higher utilization of ports but less
fiber and splicing become more cost effective
2. Take Rates
– As take rates increase, the impact of dedicating OLT ports to a greater number of
splitters is reduced
3. Assessing Cost Impacts
– When conducting a cost analysis to determine the impact of different design
approaches, it is helpful to focus only on cost that vary between the designs
• Eliminate costs that are common to the designs being assessed
4. Cost Assessment Focus
– Cost effectiveness can be measured in multiple ways:
• Cost per household/living unit
• Cost per subscriber

Example Cost Assessment
5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100%
Hubbed Split $75 $81 $82 $88 $94 $95 $101 $101 $108 $114 $114 $121 $127 $127 $133 $134 $140 $146 $147 $153
Distributed Split $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99 $99
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
IncrementalCost
Incremental Cost per HH Passed Relative to Take Rate

Example Cost Assessment
5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100%
Hubbed Split $1,502 $813 $545 $440 $377 $316 $288 $254 $239 $228 $208 $201 $195 $182 $178 $167 $165 $163 $155 $153
Distributed Split $1,980 $990 $660 $495 $396 $330 $283 $247 $220 $198 $180 $165 $152 $141 $132 $124 $116 $110 $104 $99
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
IncrementalCost
Incremental Cost per Subscriber Relative to Take Rate

Fibre entering in Building design
Design of Under Drain Duct Connection Design of Through Drain Duct Connection
Design of Premise’s Entering Duct
Duct Route into Building Telecommunication Room
on Ground Floor
Manhole Connection to the Building

Fibre entering in Building design
Manhole Connection for Pole Type

INTERNAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE IN-BUILDING FIBRE
CABLING
The requirement for infrastructure inside the building such as
Telecommunication Room, Floor Riser and Cable Trunking. The other general elements
Telecommunication Room Arrangement

Floor Riser and Cable Trunking
Riser : The riser in the MDU properties must be used as the cable route from the TR to each
floor level.
Trunking : The trunking is required for laying the cable inside the building and acts as the
protection and cable guide. For the MDU, the trunking located inside the riser is referred as
the Vertical Trunking while the trunking located from the Riser room at each floor to the
Fibre Wall Socket (FWS) inside each individual unit of premise is referred as the Horizontal
Trunking. The Vertical and Horizontal Trunking must be provided in all MDU properties.
For the SDU, the trunking must be used to lay the cable between the FTB, located at the
outside wall, and the FWS located inside the premise.

IN-BUILDING FIBRE CABLING (SDU)
Fibre Termination Box for MDU
Fibre Termination Box for SDU
Fibre Wall Socket (FWS)
CABLING FOR SINGLE-DWELLING UNIT (SDU) Network Boundary for SDU (Pole Type)
Network Boundary for SDU (Underground
Type)

Cabling and Network Boundary for SDU – Shop Lots
The sample cabling for shop lot is shown FTB that serves one area must
be mounted on the wall in the staircase area. The FTB acts as network boundary
between the Premise Owner and Network Facility Provider cabling as marked as
“Network Boundary (3) FTB will act as connection point between Network
Facility Provider and each shop unit.
IN-BUILDING FIBRE CABLING (SDU)

Customer Premise Equipment CPE
Optical Network Unit
Telecommunication Outlet Cabling
Telecommunication Outlet Cabling is referring
to the cabling between CPE and other in
premise Telecommunication Outlet (TO). The
numbers of cable required depend on the
number of Telecommunication Outlet in the
premises.
The cable type for telecommunication outlet
cabling depends on the CPE output
interface type. However, it is strongly
recommended that UTP cable (CAT 5, CAT 5e
or CAT 6) for the telecommunication outlet
cabling.
Telecommunication Outlet Cabling

CABLING FOR MULTI-DWELLING UNIT (MDU)
Cabling for MDU consists of four elements as below:
a. Campus backbone cabling;
b. Building backbone vertical cable;
c. Building horizontal cable; and
d. Telecommunication outlet cabling.
Indoor Fibre Cabling for MDU
Specification of MDU’s Internal Fibre

MDU Design Approaches
1. MDU ONT
– ONT placed at existing demarcation point
– Utilize existing wiring (coax, cat 3/5) to the living units
2. Single Family ONT
– Drop placed to each living unit
– ONT mounted within the living unit
3. Desktop ONT
– Drop placed within living units (along molding, etc.)

MDU Design Pros and Cons
1. MDU ONT
– Avoids challenges and costs associated with retrofitting buildings
– Dependent on type and condition of existing wiring
2. Single Family ONT
– Eliminates usage of existing wiring (possibly substandard)
– Cost and labor intensive
3. Desktop ONT
– Minimal space requirements
– Typically requires drop to be routed through the living units (aesthetics)

Aerial Cable Construction Tool
ADSS Aerial Materials & Fittings Aerial Materials & Fittings

Fibre Construction Machines
UG Slitting Construction

Spicing Machines & Other Tools
Direct Buried Microduct Laying
Fusion splice machines
Mechanical splicers

Machines & Tool
• JCB excavator for Trenching
• HDD Machine Vermeer ,DitchWitch USA
• Cable Blowing Machine CBS UK
• Spicing Machine Furukawa, Sumitomo,
• OTDR Machine - Furukawa, Sumitomo,
• Light ( Laser ) Source Power Meter LSPM -
• Cable Locator - 3M, Seektech,Metrotech
• DBC Machine

Represents
70-80% of
Total RIL
workforce
Represents
20-30% of total
RIL workforce
FSO
• Installation
Supervision
• Installation
• Civil Works
Supervision
• Civil Works
Detailed Site
Design
PMO / Competence Center / Local Delivery
SP
• Lease & Permit
• Site Search
• Fiber Detailed Site
Design
• Civil Works
Supervision
• Civil Works
construction
ASP
• Investigation
• Engineering
• Installation
Supervision
• Installation
• Installation
Verification
• Drive Test
Rollout Delivery Setup
Workmanship quality Integration Advanced Engineer
NRO-TAC
Certifier
Product Configuration
Sourcing Project Management
MentorSolution Architect
Network Engineer
ASP/SP ManagementCommissioning
Lease & Permit Drive Test
Project Office
Engineering, LOS & Investigation

Site / Path level
Central, Region, Market, Account level
Central, Region, Market, Account level
Site / Path level
Site / Path level
Project deliverysetup
Country sub-regions, Market, Account level
Management level
Engineering
• Investigation
• Site Engineering
• CW Detailed Site Design
Acquisition
• Search
• Lease
• Permit
Supervision
• Civil Works
• Installation
Civil Works
• Construction
• Electrical
• Painting Site n
Civil Works
• Cable laying
• Pole mounting
• Trenching Site 1
Installation
• Antenna Installation
• Equipment Installation
• Installation Verification Site n
Installation
•Aerial Cable Installation
•FDC Installation/Splicing
• Installation Verification Site 1
Node Integration
• Adoption
• Test
• Verification
Product Configuration
• Data Collection
• Design
• Verification
Network Integration
• PC & Int. Coordination
• Test Leader
ASP/SP Management
• Site Acquisition Coordination
• Civil Works Coordination
• SE & Inst. Coordination
• Site supervision
Acceptance
• ASP/SP acceptance
• Customer acceptance
Supporting Functions
NRO-TAC
• Mentor
• Certifier
• Workmanship Quality
• Advanced Engineering
Project Office
• Administration
• Contract
• Control
• Planning
• Procurement
• Quality
• Logistics
• Legal
• Environmental
• Health & Safety
Network Design
• N&TC Coordination
Design
• Network Design
• Line Of Sight
• Drive test
• Network Optimization
Management
• Program Manager
• Project Manager
• N&TC Management
• Site Acquisition Manager
• Civil Works Manager
• Implementation Manager

methods
Service Provider - SP
Subcontractor service purchased on
fixed price were service and material is
quality assured by SP.
e.g. Civil Works, Site cleaning
Authorized Service Provider - ASP
Subcontractor service purchased on fixed
price with certified personnel.
e.g. RBS Installation, TRU extension
Authorized Resource Provider - ARP
Resource on consultancy base for temporary
replacement of RIL personnel (core).
e.g. Dispatcher, technician, CW coordinator
Competence assurance of RIL
personnel.
e.g. Project Manager, Integrator,
Competence Management Framework - CMF

• Single point of contact in multi-
vendor network roll-out
projects
• End-to-end service
• Delivers to agreed business
benefits and performance
goals
• Realize RIL business benefits
through enabling capabilities in
network roll-out projects
Project Management
RIL
Project
management
Planning and
design
Build
Integration
Optimization
Vendor Vendor A
Program management
Deployment Program Management
Vendor B

LOW LEVEL Activity overview
Work Flow Activities for Service Package – Fiber Network FTTH New Build
ERICSSON
SUPPORTING
FUNCTION
NETWORK
DESIGN
SITE
ACQUISITION
CIVILWORKS&
CABLEINSTALLATION
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
Work Package for defined
deliverables
Work Package for internal activities
Site Supply
& Logistics
1.6
Handover to
Customer
Network Design
1.5
Subcontractor
Sourcing
Site
Survey
Right of
Way
Network
Acceptance
Installation
Indoor
Preparation for
Survey and
Detailed Design
Project
Closure
1.8
Nominal
Design
Network Build
1.2
1.10.1
As-built
Design
Network Acceptance
Material
Delivery
1.10.2
Work Order
Management
set-up
1.6.2
1.5.4
QASIS –
Quality
Audit
1.5.3
Material
Ordering
Pre-sales
Information
Gathering
1.3
Detailed
Design
AP
AP
AIP
AIP
AIP
AIP SCR
SCR
1.9.11.6.1
AP
AP
1.7.1
AP
AP SCR
Acceptance
Preparation
Reinstatement
Fiber Splicing
and Test
1.8.7
DuctingExcavationTrenching
1.8.1 1.8.2 1.8.3 1.8.4
Pre-sales
Network Design
Resource
Procurement
1.9
Site Aquisition
AIP
AIP
Cable
Installation
Pre-sales
Nominal
Design
Information
Gathering
1.5.1
Project
Assignment
TG2 TG3 TG4 TG5
SCR
1.5.5
1.7
TG1
1.5.2
1.8.5
Project Planning
1.1
Project
planning
Project
Establishment
Subcontrator
Planning
SDP1 SDP2 SDP3 SDP4
AIP
AIP
AP
AP
1.8.6
Acceptance
Specification
SCR
SCR
AIP
AIP
SCR
SCR
AP
AP
AIP
AIP
Acceptance Point
Acceptance & Invoicing Point
1.1.1
1.10
Network Quality
Assurance
SCR Service Completion Report
1.1
Schedule 1. Chapter 1 in SoW of
Service Package
1.4.1
Work Package 1.4.1 in SoW of Service
Package
Site Acquisition Subproject ‘Site Acquisition’
1.5.6
1.1.2 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3
1.2.1 1.2.2
1.3.2
Project
Operation
AP
AP
Project Management
1.4
1.4.4
AIP
AIP
1.3.1
AIP
AIP
SCR
1/221 12 – FGC 101 2051 Rev A

Project MANAGEMENT
Sample Project Organization
Site Project
Management
Design &
Engineering
Work team
Splice Team Trench team Pulling Team
Cabinet inst
Team
End-user inst
Team
Project
Management
Design &
Engineering
Civil Works &
Installation
Methods
Quality
Assurance
Ordering &
Logistics
Project Control
X connections “homes passed”
xx subscribers connected
All these projects run parallel
Single geographic area
Site Project
Management
Design &
Engineering
Work team
Splice Team Trench Team Pulling Team
Cabinet inst
Team
End-user inst
Team
appendix

Proposed Organisation for FTTx

Project Schedule for 250K Home Pass

BASELINE/ ASSUMPTIONS/ CALCULATIONS
OLT Area Homes Pass Feeder (m)
Distribution
(m)
Total Length
(m)
Feeder
Breakdown
Distribution
Breakdown
3600 3000 UG 90% 50%
400 3000 Aerial 10% 50%
1 2000 4000 6000 Combined
OLT Area Homes Pass Feeder(m) Distribution (m) Method Total Length
Feeder(m)
Breakdown
Distribution
(m)
Breakdown
112.50 450,000 375,000 UG 375,000 90% 50%
12.50 50,000 375,000 Aerial ADSS 50,000 10% 50%
Aerial Fig 8 375,000
125 250000 500,000 750,000 Combined 800,000
OLT
Area Homes Pass
No. of HP per
Category
No. of BOI
(Assumed
48Units per BOI
for MDU & 3 for
SDU)
S1 @ Access
Chamber- JC
( 2:8 Splitter) FJC FDC FAT
Demarcatio
n Box
(Assumed 6
BOI per
Society)
S2@FDC (1:8
Splitter)
S2@FAT ( 1:8
Splitter)
125 250,000 100,000.00 2,083.33 3,906 3,906 347 12,500 347.22 347 12,500.00
150,000.0 150,000.0 18,750 18,750
BASELINE & ASSUMPTIONS CHART (1 OLT AREA)
BASELINE & ASSUMPTIONS CHART (125 OLT AREAS)
BASELINE FIGURES & CALCULATED ODN (125 OLT AREAS)

Quality assuranceframework
Continuous follow-up of delivery
Two stages of Workmanship quality follow-
up:
 New ASP or product introd-uced with
a 100% follow-up
 Ongoing follow-up with 20% for high,
50% for low volume and 100% for
delivery
Regular Quality Review Board
certificate is only valid if it is under RIL
quality system
Sourcing
Proven track record of delivered quality
work
Contractual obligations:
 Certified personnel
 Latest manuals, instructions and
quality alerts
 Quality incentives for low QI
 Minimum level of trained personnel
 Tools and instruments
 Limit subcontract layers
Competition
Quality
Skills development of personnel
Training & Certification
 New products
 Personnel turnover
 New ASP companies
Secure training capacity
 Close cooperation with local training
facilities
 Own access to mentors and
certifiers
Not only product training, but also:
 Set quality standards
 Process knowledge
 Access to latest information
 Environment, Health & Safety
Management of deployment
Most vital parts of quality assurance
Quality and process implementation will be
guaranteed through good management
Quality assurance through:
 Project Web Pages  Project Office
 Project Review  NE Tool

•Optimal design tailored to business
strategies and quality requirements
•Free up resources and reduce cost of in-
house expertise
•Technology and hardware agnostic
design
•Scalable and future proof
network solutions
•Easier maintenance due to accurate and
precise As-Built documentation
The valuebring
Facilitate revenue
growth
Optimize CAPEX
and OPEX
Risk mitigation

Summary
• Video, internet, and new applications are driving bandwidth increases
that require fiber
• Fiber is the best method for providing low cost, high bandwidth
services
– Lowest cost/bit
– Lowest OPEX
– More reliable than metallic technologies
– Lower attenuation, weight
• Fiber architectures include various versions of PON and Point to Point
• Multiple ways of deploying FTTH
– Different design options for outside plant can significant impact costs and network
functionality

FTTx Basics & Its Network Basics

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