3. Application of water to soil
for the purpose of supplying
the moisture essential for
normal plant growth and
development
4. • To Supply Water
• To Provide Crop Insurance
• To Cool Soil And Micro Atmosphere
• To Leach Out Salts
• To Soften Tillage Pans
• For Food And Fibre Production
• To Protect Crop From Frost
6. A) Uncontrolled/ Wild flooding
B) Controlled flooding
1) Basin
A) Check B) Ring
2) Border Strip
3) Furrow Irrigation
I) Deep Furrow
II) Corrugations
7. Applying water to the field without any
bunds to guide the flow irrigation water
wetting the soil surface
Used in millets lawns
Used in land preparations
Loss due to percolation and surface runoff
10. The field is metre square) surrounded by small bunds
In this method of irrigation the field is usually divided
into square plots ( 4 m sq to 4000 m sq) surrounded by
small bunds of dykes or lever
Used in groundnut, sorghum , vegetables etc
Leaches out salts below the crop root zone depth
11.
12.
13.
14. Circular bund is constructed
around each plant/tree to create
a basin for irrigation
15.
16.
17. The cultivated field to be irrigated is divided
into a number of long parallel strips, generally
5 to 15 m in width and 75 to 300m in length,
separated by border ridges or low dykes of
about 15 cm high, laid in the direction of the
slope.
Used In Bajra Wheat Barley Groundnut
20. In furrow method of irrigation the flat bed surface is
converted into a slope.
The spacing of the furrow is ordinarily determined by the
spacing of the row crop.
Most efficient use of water is possible
21.
22.
23. Corrugations or rills are shallow furrows running down the slope
from ditches or laterals, which are sometimes very close to each
other
Useful in closer growing crops
24.
25. Applying the water beneath the soil surface close
to the plant roots so that either water seeps from
the slides of the channels towards the plant roots
or through capillary movement upward.
30- 75 below the ground depending on texture
and rooting of crop
Soil with high salt content cannot be used
High investment is required
Not adopted widely in India
26.
27. Water is conveyed in pipe lines under
desired pressure (0.7 to 10kg/cm sq)
developed by the pump and is sprayed
through nozzles perforation over the land
or crop surface in an uniform pattern at a
rate (0.06 to 50 l/hr) less than infiltrability
of the soil, somewhat resembling the
rainfall.
28. Typical sprinkler system consists of
Pumping unit
Main line
Laterals
Risers
Sprinkler heads
