1. By:
MAHNOOR SOHAIL 1

2. • PART ONE
o Electronic commerce
o Growth of EC
o Benefits EC
o Limitations EC
• PART TWO
o Types of E-commerce
• PART THREE
o Applications of E-commerce
2

3. 3

4. • E-Commerce is buying & selling activities over
digital media.
• Electronic commerce refers to business activities conducted
using electronic data transmission via the Internet and the
World Wide Web.
• E-Commerce is the sharing of business information , maintaining
business relationships & conducting business transactions by
means of telecommunications networks.
4

5. 5

6. 6

7. The benefits of e- commerce can be categorized into
three types:
• Benefits to the organization
• Benefits to the consumer
• Benefits to the society
7

8. BENEFITS TO ORGANIZATIONS:
• Global reach:
EC expands the marketplace to national and international
markets.
With minimal expenditure a company can easily and
quickly locate the best suppliers, more customers and most
suitable business partners worldwide.
• Cost reduction:
EC decrease the cost of creating, processing, distributing,
storing and retrieving paper-based information.
High printing and mailing costs are lowered and
eliminated.
8

9. • Lower communication cost:
 EC lowers communication costs – the Internet is
much cheaper than other modes of communication.
• Extended hours: 24/7/365:
 The business is always open on the web, with no overtime
and other extra costs.
• Improved customer relations:
 EC enables companies to interact more closely with
customers even if through intermediaries.
 Which promotes better customer relationship
management (CRM) and increases customers loyalty.
9

10. BENEFITS TO CONSUMER:
• Ubiquity (everywhere):
 EC provides consumers to shop or perform other
transactions year round, 24 hours a day, from almost any
location.
• More products and services:
 EC provides with more choices; they can select from
many vendors and from more products.
• Cheaper products and services:
 EC frequently provides consumers with less expensive
products and services by allowing them to shop in many
places and conduct quick comparisons.
10

11. • Instant delivery:
 In the cases of digitized products, EC allows for quick
delivery.
•No sales tax:
 In many countries, online business is exempted from sales
tax.
•Information availability
 Easy findings what you need with details and demos etc.
11

12. BENEFITS TO SOCIETY:
• Telecommuting:
 More individuals work/shopping at home and do less
traveling for work or shopping, resulting in less traffic on
the roads and reduced air pollution.
• Higher standard of living:
 Some products/services can be soled at lower prices,
allowing less rich people to buy more and increase their
standard of living.
• Hope for the people:
 People in Third World countries and rural areas are
now able to enjoy products and services that were
unavailable in the past.
12

13. Technological Limitations:
• There is lack of universally accepted standards of quality,
security and reliability.
• The telecommunication bandwidth is insufficient especially
for m-commerce.
• Software development tools are still evolving.
13

14. • There are difficulties in integrating the Internet and EC
software with some existing applications and databases.
• Special web server are needed in additions to the network
servers (added costs).
• Internet accessibility is still inconvenient.
14

15. Non-technological Limitations:
•Security and privacy concerns deter customers from buying.
• Some customers like to feel and touch products. Also,
customers are resistant to the change from a real to a virtual
store.
• People do not yet sufficiently trust paperless, faceless
transactions.
• Lack of trust in EC and in unknown sellers delays/stops buying.
15

16. • Many legal and public policy issues including taxation, have
no yet been resolved or are not clear.
• It is difficult to obtain venture capital due to the failure of
many dot. coms.
• There is an increase amount of fraud on the Internet.
16

17. 17

18. The major different types of e-commerce are:
• Business-to-Business (B2B).
• Business-to-consumer (B2C).
• Business-to-Government (B2G).
• Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C).
• Mobile commerce (M-commerce).
18

19. Business-to-Business (B2B).
• B2B e-commerce is simply defined as e-commerce between
companies.
• This is the type of e-commerce that deals with relationships
between and among businesses.
• In this case both the buyers and seller are organizations.
• E.g. one company sells raw material and another
organization buy raw material for manufacturing products.
19

20. Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
• Business-to-Consumer E-Commerce involves customers gathering
information; purchasing physical goods (tangibles such as books or
consumer products) or information goods (goods of electronic
material or digitized content such as software, or e-books) and
receiving products over an electronic network.
• In this case the seller is a business organization whereas the buyer
is a consumer.
• An example of a B2C transaction would be a person buying a pair
of shoes from a retailer.
20

21. Business-to-Government (B2G).
•Business-to-government e-commerce or B2G is generally
defined as commerce between companies and the public sector.
•It refers to the use of the Internet for public procurement
(buying, getting, hiring), licensing procedures, and other
government-related operations.
21

22. Customer-to-Customer (C2C)
• Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce or C2C is simply commerce
between private individuals or consumers.
• In this type both the seller and buyer are the consumers.
• Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce involves the electronically-
facilitated transactions between consumers through some third
party(The third party generally charges a commission)
• A common example is the online auction, in which a consumer
posts an item for sale and other consumers bid to purchase it.
22

23. Mobile Commerce (m-commerce)
• M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of
goods and services through wireless technology-i.e., handheld
devices such as cellular telephones and personal digital
assistants (PDAs).
• As content delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more
secure, and scalable, some believe that m-commerce will surpass
wire line e-commerce as the method of choice for digital
commerce transactions.
23

24. 24

25. • Online shopping
• Online banking
• Electronic bill payment
• Electronic ticketing
• Supply chain management
25

26. Online Shopping
• Online shopping is the process consumers go through to
purchase products or services over the Internet.
•An online shop, e-shop, e-store, internet shop, web shop, web
store or online store is the physical analogy of buying products or
services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or in a shopping mall.
•Online shopping is a type of electronic commerce used for
business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C)
transactions.
•Online shoppers commonly use credit card to make payments
26

27. Online Banking
• Online banking (or Internet banking) allows customers to
conduct financial transactions on a secure website operated by
their bank.
• The common features provided by online-banking fall broadly
into several categories:
 Paying a bill
 Applications e.g. apply for a loan, new account, etc.
 Funds transfer between a customer's own accounts, or to
another customer's account.
 Investment: purchase or sale.
 Chat with banks representative
27

28. Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment:
• There are a significant number of bills that consumers pay on a
regular basis, which include: water, oil, internet, phone service,
car payments etc.
• Electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP) is a fairly new
technique that allows consumers to view and pay bills
electronically.
• EBPP systems send bills from service providers to individual
consumers via the internet. The systems also enable payments to
be made by consumers, given that the amount that appears on
the e-bill is correct.
28

29. Electronic ticketing:
• An electronic ticket or e-ticket is used to represent the
purchase of a seat on a passenger airline, usually through a
website or by telephone.
• Once a reservation is made, an e-ticket exists only as a
digital record in the airline computers. Customers usually
print out a copy of their receipt which contains the record
locator or reservation number and the e-ticket number.
29

30. Supply Chain Management (SCM):
•Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of a
network of interconnected businesses involved in the
ultimate provision of product and service packages required
by end customers.
• Supply Chain Management spans all movement and storage
of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished
goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption (supply
chain).
30

31.  E-commerce is alive, well, and growing very fast at
double digit rates, bringing about extraordinary
changes to markets, industries,
individual businesses, and society as
a whole.
 Here by we conclude
that e-commerce is the life blood of
today’s commerce or business.
31

32. 32