Cyclical models of curriculum development

1. Cyclical models of
curriculum development
Presented to
DR.AHMAD SHER AWAN
Presented by
MAMOONA SHAHZAD
MP/2012-27

2. Curriculum development
¨ Curriculum development encompasses how
a ‘curriculum is planned, implemented and
evaluated, as well as processes and
procedures are involved.

3. Curriculum models
¨Curriculum models help
designers to
systematically map out
the rationale for the use
of particular teaching,
learning and assessment
approaches.

4. Cyclical models
¨Cyclical models lie along with the
continuum between the extremes of rational
and dynamic models, incorporating
elements of both to provide a different
approach to devising curricula.
¨Basically, these models are extension of
rational models in that they are essentially
logical and sequential in approach.

5. Cyclical models
¨Cyclical models view elements of
curriculum as inter-related and
interdependent.
¨In the 1970s, a new element was introduced
into the curriculum process of cyclical
models called Situational Analysis.

6. D.K WHEELER
¨A former member of the University of
Western Australia, Wheeler developed and
extended the ideas forwarded by Tyler and
particularly Taba.
¨ He suggested five inter-related phases in
the curriculum process which logically
would produce an effective curriculum.

7. D.K Wheeler’s Model

8. ¨Audrey and Howard Nicholls, his book
Developing a Curriculum: A Practical
Guide (1978) , devised a straight forward
cyclical approach that covered the elements
of curriculum briefly but succinctly.

9. ¨They argued that “changes should be
planned and introduced on a rational and
valid basis according to a logical process.
(Nicholls & Nicholls, 1978:17).

11. Strengths of cyclical models
¨logical sequential
structure
¨situational analysis as
a starting point
¨model is flexible
¨less rigid, more
relevant

12. Weaknesses of cyclical
models
¨ logical and sequential nature
¨ A fundamental problem in utilizing such
models is the amount of time required to
undertake an effective situational analysis.

13. The End,Thank You
so much for your
participation!