2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this topic, students should
be able to:
1) Explain types of network topology
and wiring diagram for common topology.
3. What Is a Network?
A network is a collection of
computers and devices connected
together via communications
devices and transmission media
Shelly Cashman
4. A network topology refers to the layout
of the computers and devices in a
communications network.
What Is a Network Topology?
Shelly Cashman
5. • The arrangement of a
cabling is the physical
topology.
• The path that data
travels between
computers on a network
is the logical topology.
It refers to both the physical and logical
layout of a network.
6. Types of network topology.
Three commonly used network topologies are:
Bus
Network
Star
Network
Ring
Network
7. Bus Network Topology
A bus network consists of a single central
cable (backbone), to which all computers and
other nodes connect.
Backbone
8. Bus Network Topology
The bus is the physical cable that connects the computers
and other nodes.
The bus in a bus network transmit data, instructions, and
information as a series of signal.
Those signals are sent as electrical pulses that travel along the
length of the cable in all directions.
9. When a sending device transmits data, the address of the
receiving device is included with the transmission.
If the device address does not match the intended address
for the data, the device ignores the data.
If the data does match the device address, the data is
accepted.
All devices receive the data but only the receiving device
accept them.
Bus Network Topology
10. Bus Network Topology
Advantages:
1. Inexpensive and easy to install.
2. Computers and other nodes can be attached
and detached at any point on the bus without
disturbing the rest of the network.
3. Failure of one node usually does not affect the
rest of the bus network.
11. Bus Network Topology
Disadvantages:
1. Because all systems on the network connect to a single
cable or backbone, a break in the cable will prevent all
systems from accessing the network.
2. It is difficult to identify the problem if the entire network
shut down.
12. Bus Network Topology wiring diagram
Use a Coaxial cable as a bus.
Each nodes is connected to the single bus
cable through T-Connector.
50 ohms terminator is required at each end of the bus
cable to prevent the signal from bouncing back
and forth on the bus cable.
T-Connector
Terminator
14. Star Network Topology
• All the computers and other nodes on the
network connect to a central device, thus
forming a star.
• All data that transfers from one node to another
passes through the central device.
• The central device takes a signal that comes from any
node and passes it along to all the other nodes
in the network.
15. Star Network Topology
Advantages:
1. If one node fails, only that node is affected.
2. Nodes can be added to or removed from
network with little or no disruption.
3. Easy to troubleshoot and isolate problem.
16. Star Network Topology
Disadvantages:
1. If the hub or switch fails, the entire network will
be inoperable.
2. Requires more cable than most of the other topologies.
3. More expensive because of the cost of the hub/switch.
17. Star Topology wire diagram
All the computers and other nodes on the
network connect to a central connection point
such as, hub or switch.
UTP straight through cable for every unit to
connect in central connection point.
RJ 45 use as connector.
Hub / Switch
19. Ring Network Topology
On a ring network, a cable forms a closed loop
( ring ) with all computers and devices arranged
along the ring.
20. Ring Network Topology
Data transmitted on a ring network travels from node to
node around the entire ring, in one direction
Token Ring a sophisticated scheme uses a ring architecture to
pass data from one computer to another in one direction.
Each node takes a turn sending and receiving information
through the use of a token.
21. Ring Network Topology
The token along with any data is sent from the source device
to destination device until it comes back
around to the source device for confirmation.
Only the device with the token is allowed to send data.
All other devices must wait for the token to come to them.
Token circle the ring up to 10,000 times per second!
23. Ring Network Topology
Advantages:
1. The transmission of data is relatively simple as
packets travel in one direction only.
2. Cable faults are easily located, making
troubleshooting easier.
3. The uses of token passing enables all nodes in
a ring topology to share the network resources
fairly.
24. Ring Network Topology
Disadvantages:
1. A failure in any cable or node breaks the
loop and can take down the entire network.
2. Data packets must pass through every computer
therefore, this makes it slower.
3. A ring network can span a larger distance than a
bus network, but it is more difficult to install.
25. Ring Topology wiring Diagram (old ring topology)
1. Use an Network Interface Card with
Bayonet Neill-Concelman (BNC)port.
2. Connect the middle BNC -T Connector
to the NIC BNC port.
3. Connect two COAXIAL CABLE to the
both side of BNC connector.
4. Connect all the nodes with NIC BNC,
BNC-T connector and wire to form a
ring.
27. Use a Hub as a media attachment unit(MAU)
UTP Cable with RJ45 Connector use to connect the node to the MAU.
Ring Topology wiring Diagram (new ring topology)
29. Variation of bus topology.
Shape of the network is like a tree with central
branching and sub branching.
Transmission is done in the same way as in bus
topology.
Best suited for application which have hierarchical
flow of data and control.
Also called hybrid topology.
Tree Network Topology
30. Advantages
1. Supported by several hardware and software venders.
Disadvantages
1. Overall length of each segment is limited by the type of
cabling used.
2. If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes
down.
3. More difficult to configure and wire than other
topologies.
Tree Network Topology
32. Each node is connected to more than one node.
Advantages
1. Outstanding for long distance.
2. Provide extensive back-up, rerouting and pass-through
capabilities.
3. Communication is possible between any two nodes on the
network.
4. Used in large internetworking environments.
5. Ideal for distributed networks.
Mesh Network Topology
33. Disadvantages
1. These networks are much more difficult to install
than the other topologies.
2. More expensive.
Mesh Network Topology
34. My References
CABLING The Complete Guide to Copper and Fiber-Optic Networking
Fourth Edition by Andrew Oliviero and Bill Woodward
Communication And Network Concepts from www.cbsecsnip.in
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY from www.slideshare.com
Discovering Computer Fundamentals by Shelly Cashman
