Developing the Inhambane 2013 Land Use Plan. Process and Conclusions.

1. Mozambique: Developing the
Inhambane 2013 Land Use Plan –
Territorial Macro-Logic,
Participation and Capacity building.
Margarita Gómez Salas de Schetter
Johannesburg, March 2014

2. Structure of Presentation
1. Institutional frame work
2. Situation of Inhambane
3. Planning process
4. PEUI 2013

3. Institutional background
• After the creation of municipalities in 1997 a new generation of
land use plans were drafted that described the new territorial logic.
• The Territorial Planning Law (Lei 19/2007 do Ordenamento do
Território) created the legal basis for municipal planning activities.
Municipalities are required to develop three types of plans
regarding their territory:
a) Land Use Plan (PEU Plano de Estrutura Urbana)
b) general and partial urbanization plans
c) detailed plans.

4. Land Use Plan
• Establishes the overall organization of the territory and parameters
and norms for land use.
• Takes into consideration existing occupational patterns,
infrastructures and social equipment as well as the relation with the
regional infrastructure networks.
• Must be socially functional and achieved by way of public
participation, integrating all the relevant actors and stakeholders. It
calls for a democratization of the planning process.

5. Planning actors
• Capacity to develop plans at municipal level is
limited.
• The process is accompanied by public, semi-public
and private consultancies.
• Donor and development agencies involvement,
either through funding or institutional technical
support or a combination of both.

6. Planning actors
• National Directorate of Planning and Territorial Order (DINAPOT) of
the Ministry of Environmental Coordination (MICOA): Chimoio,
Gorongosa, Xai Xai, Chibuto, Mandlakazi, Macia, Massinga, etc.
• Faculty of Architecture (Faculdade de Arquitectura e Planeamento
Físico - FAPF) at the University Eduardo Mondlane in Maputo:
Maputo, Matola, Namaacha, Inhaca, Nampula, etc.
• German Development Agency (Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Internationale Zusammenarbeit - GIZ): Inhambane, Chimoio,
Catandica, Manica, Gondola, Dondo.

7. Case study Inhambane
• Provincial capital
• 500 Km from Maputo
• 192 km2
• 65.700 inhabitants
• Economy:
Public sector
Subsistence agriculture
Tourism

8. Urban planning history
• Planned city centre exclusively for the colonizers, local populations lived
in peripheral neighbourhoods with settlement restrictions applying.

9. Urban heritage
• “Cidade de cimento” of great architectural and urban value, it is one of
the oldest colonial settlements in Mozambique and protected by the
Cultural Heritage Legislation.

10. Urban planning dynamics
• During the civil war, rural
populations fled to the
safer urban areas resulting
in high-density belt of the
so-called straw
neighbourhoods around the
city of Inhambane

12. Base line
1. No valid land use plan in existence :
a) 1992 version drafted towards the end of the civil is outdated
b) 2005 Land Use Plan attempt commissioned to a private planning
practice unfinished
2. Low Capacity of the municipal planning staff:
Technical sector counts with three topographers, one architect
and one planning technician without prior experience in
developing large scale plans.
3. Incipient Participation structures:
Civil society is organized in Consulting Councils according to
neighbourhoods, subject to existing hierarchical power structures.

13. The Land Use Plan process
Regional Conference 2011
• Participants: FAPF, MICOA, Matola and provincial institutions
• Share experience and dynamize process
Capacity building 2011-2013
• 1) Urban planning course (May–July 2011) > Kit for Urban Planning
• 2) CAD courses (June–August 2011),
• 3) triangulation method course for plot parcelling (November–
December 2011),
• 4) GIS mapping course (May 2012),
• 5) Course on the creation and maintenance of archives (May 2011–
June 2013).

15. The Land Use Plan process
Phase 1
• Launched on February 25th 2013 at the town hall >170 people,
representatives of public institutions and civil society
• Published in national daily newspaper / logo to increase visibility.

17. The Land Use Plan process
Phase 2 / March and May 2013.
• 23 neighbourhoods consulted during 16 public consultations,
average of 75 people present
• Community voiced concerns and interests regarding water,
electricity, roads and transport, sanitation, education, health
services, urban equipment, and security.

18. The Land Use Plan process
Phase 3/May and July 2013
• Analysis and systematization of enquires
• Public Institutions > data and maps and discussion of existing
features, constraints and development options
• Analysis of existing networks, infrastructure, wetlands, protected
areas, agricultural lands, settlement patterns etc.
Phase 4/August to October 2013
• Hypothesis formulation /different land use and zoning scenarios
• Reinterpreting and expanding the basic road and transportation
infrastructure.
Phase 5 /October 2013.
• Public presentation of the draft> reviewed and amend
• Final version approved Municipal Assembly on December 2013.

19. Main Features of the PEUI 2013
1) Land Use Map (Planta de Ordenamento),
2) Map of Constraints (Planta de Condicionantes),
3) Regulations (Regulamento).
Reinterpretation and expansion of the basic transportation
infrastructure while preserving and expanding agricultural,
rural and protected areas and opening up complementary
areas for the creation of new centralities, additional
settlements, and industrial areas.

22. Conclusions
• Public participation: ensured the inclusion of issues important to
the community into the plan.
! Participation itself is limited to listing infrastructure necessities.
• Institutional participation: useful to obtain data and make the plan
known to all actors. Only a plan that is known to all who condition
its implementation can be effective.
! Institutional participation is timid in terms of actually
commenting the plan.

23. Conclusions
• Capacity building: staff knows how to use planning tools and gained
insights into the essence of large scale territorial planning.
! Not yet a guarantee that there will be sufficient management
capacity and motivation to actually implement the plan.
• Product: PEU is embraced by the municipal public and political
actors – it was approved unanimously by the municipal council.
! It requires further planning and plans to obtain factual results.

24. Thank you