IEEE SusTech IoT Keynote Presentation 10/10/16

Internet of Things -
Transformative Megatrends
for Sustainability
Monday, October 10, 2016
Mark Goldstein, International Research Center
markg@researchedge.com, http://www.researchedge.com/
Independent Agent for Sustainability Partners
https://www.sustainability.partners/
Slide Deck Online at http://www.slideshare.net/markgirc
© 2016 - International Research Center

Internet of Things (IoT) Presentation Outline
IoT Overview and Ecosystems
IoT Computing Platforms and Sensors
IoT Gateway and Network Connections
IoT Application Arenas
• Consumer and Home Automation
• Wearables
• Healthcare and Life Science
• Retail and Logistics
• Industrial
• Smart Buildings
• Smart Cities and Environment
• Transportation
IoT Security and Privacy
IoT Standards and Organizations
IoT Data Applications and Business Models

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_Wave_(Toffler_book) (1980)

Source: Teradata Corporation
Internet of Things Basics

Source: Postscapes (http://postscapes.com/)

Source: IDC & Peplink 2015
IoT Vision

Source: TE Connectivity
IoT Adoption Landscape

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/
embedded/embedded-design-center.html

16GB NOOBS
SD Card
Raspberry Pi
Camera Board
PiFace Relay+
https://www.element14.com/community/community/raspberry-pi/

https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/pi-zero/
The Raspberry Pi Zero is half the size of
a Model A+, with twice the utility. A tiny
Raspberry Pi that’s affordable enough
for any project!
• 1Ghz, Single-core CPU
• 512MB RAM
• Mini HDMI & USB On-The-Go ports
• Micro USB power
• HAT-compatible 40-pin header
• Composite video & reset headers
• Can utilize Raspbian Jessie OS Adafruit Raspberry Pi Zero Starter Pack
http://www.adafruit.com/products/2816
65 mm x 30 mm x 5 mm

http://www.ti.com/product/cc2541
The Texas Instruments
CC2541 is a power-
optimized true system-on-
chip (SoC) solution for
both Bluetooth low energy
and proprietary 2.4-GHz
applications. It enables
robust network nodes to
be built with low total bill-
of-material costs. The
CC2541 combines the
excellent performance of a
leading RF transceiver
with an industry-standard
enhanced 8051 MCU, in-
system programmable
flash memory, 8-KB RAM,
and many other powerful
supporting features and
peripherals. The CC2541 is
highly suited for systems
where ultralow power
consumption is required.
TI CC2541 SOC

Intel’s Edison computer is housed in an SD card form factor and comes with built-
in Linux and both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless. The computer, which is based on
Intel's 22-nanometer Quark chips, can be the basis for a new wave of products
and will become available summer 2014. Source: eWeek

Intel Curie Module Unleashing Wearable Device Innovation
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en
/wearables/wearable-soc.html
Intel’s Curie module is a complete low-
power solution for the wearable space
with compute, motion sensor, Bluetooth
Low Energy, and battery charging
capabilities.
Key Features:
• Low-power, 32-bit Intel Quark SE SoC
• 384kB Flash memory, 80kB SRAM
• Small and efficient open source real-
time operating system (RTOS)
• Low-power integrated DSP sensor hub
with a proprietary pattern matching
accelerator
• Bluetooth Low Energy
• 6-Axis combo sensor with
accelerometer and gyroscope
• Battery charging circuitry (PMIC)
• Released January, 2015

Netclearance Systems, Inc.’s (NCS) mBeaconSense hub embeds temperature, vibration,
accelerometer, magnetic, and light sensors into a 15mm x 20mm form factor making it the
industry's smallest beacon technology to incorporate multiple data sensors into one device.
Combined with the Netclearance Systems' Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and mesh gateways,
mBeaconSense enables multiple remote sensing capabilities in a single tag allowing for
streamlined, and cost-effective deployments. mBeaconSense includes everything necessary
to create next generation IoT sensing capabilities utilizing low power Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.
The mBeaconSense incorporates a near field communication (NFC) antenna and memory to
provide close proximity passive identification capabilities making the product both a hybrid
passive and active tag. http://www.netclearance.com/

Sensor Cluster Trends for Mobile Phones
(Inertial Measurement Units)
AMS AV-MLV-P2 is a volatile organic compounds (VOC) gas sensor which can detect
alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, amines, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.

SunFounder 37 Modules Raspberry Pi B+ Sensor Kit
http://www.sunfounder.com/index.php?c=show&id=47&model=Sensor%20Kit%20for%20B+
Detailed tutorial, source code
& 32 lessons on project DVD

Source: Cymbet
Energy Harvesting Sweet Spot

IoT Gateway and
Network Connectons

Telit m2m AIR Mobile Core Service
http://www.telit.com/

https://octoblu.com/ (Now part of Citrix)
Full-Stack IoT Messaging and Automation Platform

Azure IoT Suite Overview
Source: VDC Research

AWS IoT Architecture
Source: VDC Research

Wi-Fi Ecosystem is Undergoing Change
http://www.wirelessdesignmag.com/article/2016/05/now-80211ac-wave-1-rolled-out-whats-next-wi-fi

Why the Present 802.11 Technology is Inadequate:
• Absence of power-saving mechanisms: The energy constraints of sensor networks are not
considered in the current IEEE 802.11 standard.
• Unsuitable bands: Due to their short wireless range and high obstruction losses, existing
Wi-Fi bands require the use of intermediate nodes, adding complexity to the network.
IEEE 802.11ah Requirements to Support M2M Communications:
• Up to 8,191 devices associated with an access point (AP) through a hierarchical identifier
structure
• Carrier frequencies of approximately 900 MHz (license-exempt) that are less congested
and guarantee a long range
• Transmission range up to 1 km in outdoor areas
• Data rates of at least 100 kbps
• One-hop network topologies
• Short and infrequent data transmissions (data packet size approximately 100 bytes and
packet inter-arrival time greater than 30 s)
• Very low energy consumption by adopting power saving strategies
• Cost-effective solution for network device manufacturers
IEEE 802.11ah Wi-Fi Approach for M2M Communications
http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/tgah_update.htm
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/802-11ah-wi-fi-protocol-for-iot-solves-two-m2m-problems/

M2M Unlicensed Wireless Communications Comparison
Source: IEEE 802.11ah: The Wi-Fi Approach for M2M Communications Paper 10/14

Potential 5G Services Bandwidth & Latency Requirements
Source: GMSA, Heavy Reading

The Smart Home as a Service combines web intelligence, smart home sensors,
data centers, with intelligence living in the cloud – all administered by service
providers. Source: Qorvo Low Power Wireless

https://nest.com/thermostat/life-with-nest-thermostat/

Source: Deloitte Tech Trends 2014

http://mimobaby.com/
Add Pacif-i
Bluetooth
Smart Pacifier
for Temperature
Mimo Smart Baby Monitor
http://bluemaestro.com/pacifi-smart-pacifier/

“You can lie to me, you can lie to your trainer,
you can even lie to yourself, but you can’t lie to your Fitbit.”

Source: The Atlantic Council & Intel Security

Micro-Systems Used in Healthcare Applications
Source: Yole Development

Atomo Diagnostics is a medical technology company bringing next generation rapid diagnostic
solutions to market and radically changing the way that we diagnose disease. AtomoRapid has
launched in Africa and the UK, and USA market entry is underway. The AtomoRapid blood
testing platform can accommodate test strips for a wide variety of conditions from celiac
disease, allergy through to infectious diseases such as malaria and HIV. Also offering
AtomoRapid to leading diagnostic companies interested in converting their rapid tests onto
this revolutionary rapid test platform.
http://atomodiagnostics.com/
AtomoRapid Blood Testing Platform

Source: IEEE Spectrum 11/14
Perspiration Biosensor Patches

http://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2016/September/09272016-Researchers-Create-Glucose-Sensing-Contact-Lens.php

A successful Kickstarter project with over $2.76 million in funding,
the SCiO pocket molecular sensor lets users scan and obtain
information about the chemical makeup of materials and physical
objects. Once an item is scanned, the chemical makeup is
compared against items in a cloud-based database, and the
information about the item is sent back to a smartphone. The device
is capable of scanning food (for nutritional information), medicines,
plants (for health purposes), oils, plastics, wood and more. The
device works by shining a light on an object and using a
spectrometer to analyze the properties of the light reflected back.
Source: Network World
SCiO Pocket Molecular Sensor
https://www.consumerphysics.com/myscio/

http://tellspec.com/en/
Handheld Spectrometer for
Food and Environmental Sensing

Medtronic Micra Pacemaker
http://newsroom.medtronic.com/phoenix.zhtml
?c=251324&p=irol-newsarticle&id=1883208 Ron Wilson
World's Smallest,
Minimally Invasive
Cardiac Pacemaker
Delivered directly
into the heart
through a catheter
inserted in the
femoral vein
at AZBio

http://www.qualcommtricorderxprize.org/
DMI Tricorder Project
MESI Modular
Tricorder Concept
Cloud DX Bio

Continua Health Alliance Enables the
Personal Health Information Network (PHIN)
Source: Continua Health Alliance (http://www.continuaalliance.org/)

Arable's Pulsepod Collects Hyperlocal Weather & Crop Data
http://www.arable.com/

Beacon Enabled Local Retail Offer Service
Source: GSA

Swirl iBeacon Platform and Ecosystem
http://www.swirl.com/

Creating an Intelligent Building Starts with Sensors and LED Lighting
Source: EEWeb Sensor Technology

http://www.forbes.com/sites/jacobmorgan/2014/09/04/cities-of-the-future-what-do-they-look-
like-how-do-we-build-them-and-whats-their-impact/
Cities of the Future: What Do They Look Like, How
Do We Build Them and What's Their Impact?

The Intel Intelligent Systems Framework provides a consistent framework for
connectivity, security, and manageability. Flexible developer ‘recipes’ use
scalable, off-the-shelf elements that in turn, shift resource investments from
interoperability to extracting value from data.
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/embedded/intelligent-systems.html

Source: Ayushi Agrawal/Apple 2015
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/big-data-analytics-internet-things-ayushi-agrawal

The Array of Things (AoT) is an NSF grant
funded urban sensing project to implement a
network of interactive, modular sensor boxes
that will be installed around Chicago to
collect real-time data on the city’s
environment, infrastructure, and activity for
research and public use. The nodes will
initially measure temperature, barometric
pressure, light, vibration, carbon monoxide,
nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone,
ambient sound intensity, pedestrian and
vehicle traffic, and surface temperature.
Continued research and development will
help create sensors to monitor other urban
factors of interest such as flooding and
standing water, precipitation, wind, and
pollutants. See: http://arrayofthings.github.io/

Smart City Multidimensional Factors
Source: Beecham Research

Intelligent Transportation with IoT
Source: Intel

Intel In-Vehicle Solutions on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lk2XNc7qyJ0

Connected Cars On Board Safety & Security Features
Source: Infineon Technologies AG

Intel’s Road to Autonomous Driving
Intel In-Vehicle Solutions on YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lk2XNc7qyJ0

Current technologies on the “privacy panic cycle”. (Adapted from Castro, D., & McQuinn, A.
(2015). The privacy panic cycle: a guide to public fears about new technologies.
Washington, D. C. Source: Information Technology & Innovation Foundation ITIF)
Privacy Panic Cycle

Internet of Things Security Attributes
Source: Hewlett Packard Enterprise

http://fedscoop.com/nsa-deputy-iot-is-growing-security-problem

Internet of Things (IoT)
“Smart” devices incorporated into
the electric grid, vehicles including
autonomous vehicles, and
household appliances are improving
efficiency, energy conservation, and
convenience. However, security
industry analysts have demonstrated
that many of these new systems can
threaten data privacy, data integrity,
or continuity of services. In the
future, intelligence services might
use the IoT for identification,
surveillance, monitoring, location
tracking, and targeting for
recruitment, or to gain access to
networks or user credentials.
http://content.govdelivery.com/attachments/USODN
I/2016/02/09/file_attachments/496870/SASC%2B201
6%2BWWTA%2BSFR%2B-%2B9%2BFeb%2B16.pdf

IoT Standards and Organizations

http://www.upnp.org/
Universal Plug and Play Forum

IoT Groups Merge Efforts
OIC taps UPnP, eschewing rival AllSeen
The Open Interconnect Consortium will acquire assets of and combine its
technologies with those of the Universal Plug and Play Forum, a fifteen-year old
group focused on automating links between PCs and peripherals typically over
Wi-Fi. By adopting the UPnP’s widely used service discovery software and likely
many of its members, OIC will bolster its position as an applications-layer
software stack for the Internet of Things.
All sides agree the IoT is encumbered with too many competing and overlapping
platforms, networks, protocols and frameworks as the result of a land grab for
what is seen as the next big thing. With the deal, OIC gets an edge over its closest
rival, the AllSeen Alliance. However it’s not clear whether it gets the heft it will
need to stand out against the two giants in this space – Google’s Thread/Weave
and Apple’s HomeKit.
Currently, AllSeen has a lead in the market with more than 185 members and
shipping products using its specifications. OIC, which has about 100 members,
expects first products using its recently ratified spec to appear at CES in January.
Both OIC and AllSeen are hosted by the Linux Foundation.
Source: EE Times 11/23/15

http://www.w3.org/WoT/
http://www.w3.org/WoT/IG/

IoT Data Applications
and Business Models

https://www.abiresearch.com/pages/what-is-internet-everything/

IoT Success Requires an Ecosystem of
Internal and External Partnerships
Source: Cisco

Internet of Things (IoT) Roadblocks
Those making their first foray into connected products can improve the success of their IoT programs by
understanding the following hazards.
• Too many inputs and too much data – Having too much data is nearly as bad as not having enough.
It’s easy to get excited about the promise of new technology. But overdoing it on early programs can
result in data explosion that overwhelms IT systems as well as stakeholders.
• Too many alarms – Nothing guarantees organizational disengagement from a supposedly smart
system than many “false positive” errors. False alarms are the spam of the IIoT world. They drown out
the actual errors and condition stakeholders to ignore system feedback.
• Missed critical alarms – If false positives are frustrating, a false negative can be catastrophically
damaging depending upon the system. No notification or late notification of a potential safety concern
can cause product, personnel, environmental or secondary damage, and can bring the program into
question.
• Unclear guidance – Feedback must be actionable, correct, and timely to the multiple stakeholders
involved. Feedback that is unclear or requires time-consuming offline analysis substantially reduces
system value.
• Unprepared Organization – connected products often require “connected organizations”.
Organizations may need to work together in new and different ways to realize revenue and margin
projections.
• Customer Backlash – Even in cases where the customer clearly has the most to gain through a newly
connected product, there is a risk of customer backlash. Consumer privacy and security risks are
substantial concerns carrying the specter of legal action. Additionally, there is a risk of Government
charges. This US Federal Trade Commission Report provides a good overview of possible risks as
well as the FTC’s recommendations.
• Perceived cost versus benefit – Ideally, the success of an IIoT-enabled product would be easily
quantified. Cost for a connected product can be high, once infrastructure costs are considered. Costs
are often easier to measure than success, particularly if success is tied to lagging and less correlated
metrics such as customer satisfaction. Subjective comparison of cost versus success puts a program
at risk. Without positive proof of value and clearly defined and accepted targets, a single large adverse
event can undermine the program. Source: LNS Research

Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies
Source: Gartner 7/16
Internet of Things (IoT)
Note: Added by MG-IRC

Internet of Things (IoT) Maturity Mode
Source: TDWI

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IEEE SusTech IoT Keynote Presentation 10/10/16

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IEEE SusTech IoT Keynote Presentation 10/10/16