this is some oral lesions which identifying them is necessary for dentists

1. Presented by Maryam Jahangiri
Common oral lesions

2. Foliate papillae

3. • location:appears in vertical folds & grooves
located on posterior_lateral surface of the
tongue
• Etiology:normal anatomical structures.
• Treatment:non required
• prognosis:good
• Differential Diagnosis:hyperplastic lingual to
nsil,soft tissue tumor,squamous carcinoma

4. VARIX

5. • Description:appear as red or blue or deep purple broad
_based elevation
• Size:less than 5mm
• Location:the buccal mocusa & lip mucosa & ventral and
lateral mocosa of the tongue & floor of the mouth(in to
ngue they are multiple and the term caviar tongue)
• Etiology:venous distention
• Treatment:_
• prognosis:good
• Differential Diagnosis:mucocele,hemangioma,angina bull
osa hemmorragia

6. APHTHOUS STOMATITIS

7. HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTIONS

8. DENTURE SORE MOUTH

9. • Description:related to dentures
• Etiology:unknown but there is evidence that
candida albicans is at least contributory
• Treatment:fungicides such as nistatin,clotrima
zole,ketoconazole,fluconazole_good oral &
denture hygience_denture not be worn at
night

10. MUCOCELE

11. • Description:collection of saliva
• Color:like normal mocusa or light blue or white
• Note:(get larger,then smaller,then larger again)
• Location:lower lip,buccal mocusa
• Etiology:traumatic severance of salivary ducts Per
mitting salivary escape into mocusa
• Treatment:surgical excision
• Differential diagnosis:mucoepidermoid carcinoma,
varix,hemangioma

12. AMALGAM TATTOO

13. • localized area of blue_gray pigmentation
• Case no damage
• The discoloration is permanent

14. HEMANGIOMA

15. • Hemangiomas are tumors identified by rapid endoth
elial cell proliferation in early infancy
• The term hemangioma has been commonly used to
describe a large number of vasoformative tumors.
• Hemangiomas are lesions that are not present at birt
h.They manifest within the first month of life
• Hemangiomas of the oral cavity are not common pat
hologic entities, but, among hemangiomas, the head
and the neck are common sites

16. KAPOSI SARCOMA

17. • Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a type of cancer i
n which patches of abnormal tissue grow
under the skin or mucous membranes in
the mouth, nose, and anus
• Kaposi sarcoma tumors usually manifest
as bluish-red or purple bumps.

18. PETECHIA_ECHIMOSIS_HEMATOMA

19. • Etiology: Clinicians are often confused on whether to call an obvious red lesion — usual
ly in the palatal area of the mouth — a petechiae, an ecchymoses, or a purpura. These l
esions may have various etiologies, but most are due to trauma.
• All three classifications are caused by hemorrhages in the tissues resulting from traum
a, systemic disease, or blood dyscrasias. Blood dyscrasias are usually because of clotting
factors or because of fewer platelets or a combination of these problems.
• Petechiae are small, usually rounded red or purple spots that are approximately 1-2 mm
in size.
• Pupura are larger than the petechiae, but less than 1 cm in size. The shape depends up
on the location of the tissue, and the amount/disbursement of the pooled blood.
• Ecchymoses is described as hemorrhagic spots that measure over 1cm in size. Both pur
pura and ecchymoses may be irregular in shape depending upon the amount of pooled
blood.
• Treatment and prognosis:Referring the patient to the correct healthcare provider is cruci
al in the case of suspected systemic diseases such as blood dyscrasias. Removing device
s that are causing the trauma and rechecking the patient to make sure the lesions have
resolved is necessary.

20. MELATONIC MACULE

21. • An oral melanotic macule is a benign hyperpigmentation of the m
ucous membranes occurring in approximately 3% of the general
population.
• Melanotic macules are most commonly found on the vermillion
border of the lip, lower more often than upper. esions can also be
found on the gingiva or palate, and they may be multiple.
• Oral melanotic macule is common in patients of color and is seen
more frequently in women than men.
• Average age at time of presentation to the physician is at approxi
mately 40 years, though these macules may appear at any age. In
patients of darker skin types, onset typically occurs in adolescence.

22. ORAL MALIGNANT MELANOMA

23. • Conditions such as melanotic macules, smoker’s melanosis, amalgam and graphite tattoos, racial pigmentation, and vascular blood
-related pigments occur with some frequency. Addison disease and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome also appear in perioral and oral locatio
ns as pigmented macules.
• Oral pigmentations may range from light brown to blue-black, red, or purple. The color depends on the source of the pigment and
the depth of the pigment from which the color is derived.
• Oral melanoma often is overlooked or clinically misinterpreted as a benign pigmented process until it is well advanced. Radial and
vertical extension is common at the time of diagnosis.
• The prognosis is poor, with a 5-year survival rate generally in the range of 10-25%.
• Oral melanoma reportedly occurs more commonly in the Japanese than in other groups.
• Oral melanomas arise silently, with few symptoms until progression has occurred.
• Most people do not inspect their oral cavity closely, and melanomas are allowed to progress until significant swelling, tooth mobilit
y, or bleeding causes them to seek care.
• Pigmented lesions 1.0 mm to 1.0 cm or larger are found.
• The palate and maxillary gingiva are involved in approximately 80% of patients, but buccal mucosa, mandibular gingiva, and tongue
lesions are also identified.
• Pain, ulceration, and bleeding are rare in oral melanoma until late in the disease.
• Treatment:Medical therapy is not often beneficial with oral melanoma. Drug therapy (dacarbazine), therapeutic radiation, and immu
notherapy are used in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma, but they are of questionable benefit to patients with oral melanoma
• Surgical Care:Electrodesiccation and cryosurgery are described as treatment modalities for early, superficial, palatal lesions. However
, incomplete removal results in recurrence that may envelop the previous biopsy, excision, or treatment site and interfere with histol
ogic evaluation. These methods have little or questionable benefit in the treatment of oral melanoma.