Classification of Joints

1. CLASSIFICATION
OF JOINTS

2. CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS:
 I) SYNARTHROSIS
 - no movement
 - immovable joint
 - bony edges are quite close together
and may even interlock.

3.  a) Fibrous
1. Suture – interlocked, bound by dense
connective tissue (skull).
2. Gomphosis – fibrous connection
- ligaments binds the
tooth within the alveolus
(roots of teeth with alveolae).

4.  b) Cartilaginous
 1. Synchondrosis – connecting medium
is cartilage ( petroccipital,
sphenoccipital & sternocostal
joint).

5.  II) AMPHIARTHROSIS
 - little movement/
 - slightly movable joints
 - bone usually farther apart

6.  a) Fibrous
 1. Syndesmosis – connected by
ligament ( tibia & fibula).
b) Cartilaginous
2. Symphysis – bones separated by a
broad disc or pad of fibrocartilage
(between right & left pelvis,
mandible, between adjacent
vertebrae of the spinal column).

7.  III) DIARTHROSIS
 - synovial joints
 - freely movable joints
 - wide range of motion
Synovial – complex joint bounded by
joint capsule & containing
synovial fluid.
- subdivided according to the
types; or ranges of movement
permitted .

8. FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS:
1. Gliding
- flattened or
slightly curved faces.
- two opposing
surfaces slide past
one another.

9. 2. Hinge
- permit angular
movement in a
single plane.
- opening &
closing of door

10. 3. Pivot
- permit only
rotation.
- left to right
head rotation
- pronation &
supination of palm

11. 4. Ellipsoidal
- oval articular
face nestles within a
depression on the
opposing surface.
- angular motion
occurs in two planes,
along or across the
length of the oval.

12. 5. Saddle
- concave on one
axis and convex on
the other & the
opposing faces nest
together.

13. 6. Ball & Socket
- round head of
one bone nests
within a cup-shaped
depression in
another.
- all combinations
of movement
circumduction &
rotation.