from philippine health nursing book

2. Vaccines are very sensitive to
temperature.
 Recommended storage temperature of EPI vaccines.
type Storage temp.
Most sensitive to Oral polio(live -15 to -25 (at the
heat attenuated) freezer)
Measles (freeze 15 to -15 (at the
dried) freezer)
Least sensitive to Dpt/Hep B +2 to +8 (in the
heat body of the
BCG (freeze dried) refrigerator)
Tetanus Toxoid

3. When handling and transporting
vaccines special care must be given
 FEFO- “first expiry and first out”
 Temperature monitoring of vaccines is done twice a
day early in the morning and in the afternoon before
going home.
 Each level of facilities have cold chain equipment for
use in the storage of vaccines.

4. Administration of vaccines
vaccine dose Route of Site of
administration administration
BCG Infants 0.05 ml ID Right deltoid
region of upper
arm
DPT 0.5 ml IM Upper outer
portion of the
thigh
OPV 2 drops (may vary) Oral Mouth
MEASLES 0.5 ml SC Outer part of
upper arm
Hep B 0.5 ml IM Upper outer
portion of the
thigh
Tetanus toxoid 0.5ml IM Deltoid region of

5. Procedures in the giving of
vaccines
 Reconstituting the freeze dried BCG vaccine:
 Keep cold
 Aspirate 2ml of saline solution
 Inject saline in dried BCG
 Mix thoroughly by drawing mixture back into the
syringe and expel it into the ampule several times

6.  Giving BCG:
 Clean skin
 Hold child’s arm
 Hold syringe on dominant hand and point it up towards
you
 Lay syringe on child’s arm,
 Insert tip of needle into skin
 Put your left thumb over needle end of syringe to hold it
into place
 If vaccine is injected correctly a flat wheal will appear
 Withdraw needle gently

7.  Giving OPV
 Read instructions
 Let mother hold child
 Open childs mouth
 Put drop’s of vaccine on the child’s tounge but don’t let
dropper touch the tounge
 Make sure child swallows vaccine

8.  Hep B and DPT
 Ask mother to hold child.
 Clean skin
 Grasp muscles slightly
 Quickly push needle into the space between your
fingers going deep into the muscles
 Aspirate first
 Inject vaccine.

9.  Measles
 Most likely the same with BCG but you don’t need to
touch the needle because you are injecting
subcutaneously.
 Aspirate
 inject

10.  Tetnus Toxoid:
 Shake vial
 Clean skin
 Place thumb and index finger on the injection site and
slightly grasp.
 Aspirate
 Inject
 (shake the vial before every injection)

11. The role of a nurse in improving
the delivery of immunization
services in the community
 Master list infants eligible in the community
 Immunize following the correct schedule
 Observe aseptic technique
 Dispose used syringe and needles properly
 Inform and communicate with parents
 Conduct health visits int the community
 Identify cases of EPI target diseases per standing case definition
 Manage vaccines properly
 Record children given with vaccination in the Target Client list and
GECD/ GMC card or any standard recording utilized
 Submit report and record children vaccinated, cases and deaths on EPI
diseases, vaccines received and utilized.
 Identify and actively search cases and deaths of EPI target diseases
following standard case definition.