Napoleon not only impacted the history of France but created the situation that contribute to World War I

1. Section 18.4
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE

2. A. MAIN IDEAS

3. • from Corsica
• of minor nobility
• at age 9 was sent to France to be trained for a military
career
• was 20 when the French Revolution began
• favored Jacobin republicanism
BACKGROUND

4. • promoted to brigadier general after his involvement
in the capture of Toulon from the British
• captured northern Italy from the Austrians
• unsuccessfully invaded Egypt
• helped overthrow the Directory and set up the three-
man Consulate
• took the title of First Consul
• had himself named consul for life
• soon crowned himself as emperor
EARLY CAREER

5. • annexed new land to France: Netherlands, Belgium,
and parts of Italy and Germany
• abolished the Holy Roman Empire
• cut the Prussian empire in half
• failed to overtake Britain after the naval battle of
Trafalgar
ON THE BATTLEFIELD

6. • stabilized the economy
• took control of prices
• encouraged new industries
• built new roads and canals
• set up a system of public schools under strict
government control
• made peace and compromised with the pope
REFORMS

7. • encouraged émigrés to return to France after taking a
loyalty oath
• made jobs available to virtually anyone
• created the Napoleonic Code
• emphasized equality among citizens
• religious tolerance
• advancement based on merit
• took rights away from women who could no longer exercise
the rights of citizenship
• men regained complete control over family and household
REFORMS

8. B. PERCEIVING CAUSE AND
EFFECT

9. Goal(s)
• restore economic
prosperity
• stabilize prices
Result(s)
• industry grew
• economy stabilizes
• prices return to normal
1) NAPOLEON TOOK FIRM CONTROL
OF PRICES AND INDUSTRY, AND
BUILT ROADS AND CANALS

10. Goal(s)
• to create a consistent
legal system for all
• to create reforms based
on his own ideas and
beliefs
Result(s)
• equality for all citizens
• religious toleration
• advancement based on
merit
• women lost the exercise of
citizenship
• men regained the status of
head of the household and
regained complete
authority over their wife
and children
2) ENACTED THE NAPOLEONIC
CODE OF LAW

11. Goal(s)
• to spread the ideas of
the Enlightenment
across Europe
• to create a grand
empire
Result(s)
• redrew the boundaries
in Europe
• inspired a sense of
Nationalism in France
seen in celebrations for
the new grandeur of
France
3) FOUND MUCH SUCCESS IN
MILITARY BATTLES ABROAD

12. Goal(s)
• to defeat the British
strength, which was
their navy
Result(s)
• French fleet was
crushed
• Britain is never invaded
• Napoleon used the
Continental System
4) WAGED THE BATTLE OF
TRAFALGAR

13. Goal(s)
• to cripple Britain’s life
blood – commerce
Result(s)
• Britain blockades
European ports and
prevents trade
5) EMPLOYED THE CONTINENTAL
SYSTEM

14. C. MAIN IDEAS

15. • Where the French forces had before been seen as
liberators by the lower classes of European nations,
they were soon viewed as foreign oppressors
• the new idea of Nationalism inspired nations to be
free of French rule
NATIONALISM

16. Nationality
Language
Culture
History
Religion
Territory
• A belief in a common ethnic ancestry – a belief that may or may not be true
• Different dialects (forms) of one language; one dialect chosen as the
“national language”
Bonds that Create a Nation State
• A shared way of life (food, dress, behavior, ideals)
• A common past; common experiences
• A religion shared by all or most of the people
• A certain territory that belongs to the ethnic group; its “land”
Nation-State
• Defends the nation’s territory and its way of life
• Represents the nation to the rest of the world
• Embodies the people and its ideals

17. • Napoleon replaces the Spanish king with his brother
and attempts to undermine the Spanish Catholic
Church
• the people of Spain remained loyal to their former
king and their church
• the Spanish used guerrilla warfare to attack and
defeat the formal French forces
• Napoleon was forced to keep French forces in Spain
even though they were needed elsewhere
SPAIN

18. • inspired by the Spanish resistance, Austrians began to
fight back
• Napoleon successfully re-defeated the Austrians
• Austria was force to cede lands to France that were
home to over 3 million people
• Napoleon divorced his wife and married an Austrian
Hapsburg princess, this guaranteed that his offspring
would be able to claim kinship to the royalty of
Europe
AUSTRIA

19. • Russia did not like many of Napoleon’s policies: they
suffered from his Continental System and they did
not like the size and strength of the newly formed
Grand Duchy of Warsaw
• the Russian defeated Napoleon’s Grand Army and he
was forced to return to France to rebuilt his forces
• the mystique of Napoleon’s invincibility was broken
RUSSIA

20. • a new Quadruple Alliance (Russia, Britain, Austria,
and Prussia) threatened the weakened French military
• Napoleon had no choice but to abdicate, and was
forced into exile
• émigrés sought revenge on republicans in France
• Napoleon returns, is defeated and is exiled to the
distant island of St. Helena
WATERLOO

21. • redrew the borders of Europe with no regard for
people’s heritages or nationalities
• created a balance of power to contain French
aggression
• monarchs were restored to their throne through the
policy of legitimacy
• the newly formed German Confederation, with
Austria as its official head, had aspirations of
independence and a united German state
RESULTS OF THE CONGRESS OF
VIENNA (1814-1815)

22. LEGACY OF NAPOLEON

23. • the Napoleonic Code
solidified the ideas of the
revolution
• France was a centralized
government with a
constitution
• expanded suffrage and
elections were held
• more citizens had rights to
property
• education was more
accessible
NAPOLEONIC CODE

24. • ideas of the revolution
spread across Europe
• feelings of nationalism
spread across Europe
REVOLUTION

25. • abolition of the Holy
Roman Empire would lead
to the creation of a new
Germany (unification in
1871)
GERMAN UNIFICATION

26. • Louisiana Purchase doubled
the size of the U.S.
• Monroe Doctrine
• US declaration and warning
to European countries
• Europe not to interfere with
the Western Hemisphere
• US will not interfere with
Europe
MANIFEST DESTINY