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

Athenian influence suspected


Persia sets its sights on Greece


None comes


With little help, Athens stuns Persians at
the Battle of Marathon




Other city-states now recognize Persia as
a real threat
Alliance formed to unite Greece against
another Persian attack
“the enemy of my enemy becomes my
friend”


Led by the Athenian king Themisticles
Spartan King Leonidas and his elite
bodyguard of 300 sacrifice themselves
to hold off the Persians
 Allows the remainder of Greek forces to
fight again another day




Persian fleet is destroyed at a naval
battle near the island of Salamis
Without supplies, Persians are forced to
retreat from Greece
Athens urges other city-states to remain
an alliance to fight possible future
Persian attacks
 Many city-states decline, preferring their
independent nature



Using the naval fleet at their disposal,
Athens uses force to interfere with trade


Sparta negotiates an agreement with
Athens to not force other city-states into
the league



Athens violates agreement with Sparta
Athens and Sparta go to war

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Persian to Peloponnesian War