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The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution William L. Merrill, Ph.D. Central Michigan University
The First Amendment ,[object Object]
Calvin!
Speech ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Speech ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Limits to Free Speech ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clear and Present Danger ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fighting Words ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fighting Words ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Libel ,[object Object]
Slander ,[object Object]
Obscenity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Obscenity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conflict with Other Legitimate Social or Governmental Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Examples:
Examples: ,[object Object],[object Object],Matt Hale Benjamin Smith
1st Amendment & Schools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1st Amendment & Schools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tinker Standard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tinker Standard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tinker Standard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fraser Standard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fraser Standard "I know a man who is firm - he's firm in his pants, he's firm in his shirt, his character is firm - but most [of] all, his belief in you the students of Bethel, is firm. Jeff Kuhlman is a man who takes his point and pounds it in. If necessary, he'll take an issue and nail it to the wall. He doesn't attack things in spurts - he drives hard, pushing and pushing until finally - he succeeds. Jeff is a man who will go to the very end - even the climax, for each and every one of you. So please vote for Jeff Kuhlman, as he'll never come between us and the best our school can be." [Long pause after the word "come" on oral delivery, but no comma in the written version, according to Matthew N. Fraser]
Fraser Standard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hazelwood Standard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schools May: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Teacher’s Speech ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Teacher’s Speech ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Teacher’s Speech Teacher’s Speech Does touch on  matter of public concern NO 1st Amendment protection MAY have 1st Amendment protection Does not touch on  matter of public concern “ Court must balance the public school teacher’s interest in commenting upon a matter of public concern against the school officials’ interest in promoting an efficient workplace of public service.”
Balancing Factors for Public Concern ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schools: ,[object Object],[object Object]
Teachers: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Teachers: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Remember, laws change all the time by way of COURT actions. Nothing in this presentation is set in stone since future court decisions may change how laws are interpreted. THE END

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First Amendment in Schools

  • 1. The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution William L. Merrill, Ph.D. Central Michigan University
  • 2.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. Fraser Standard "I know a man who is firm - he's firm in his pants, he's firm in his shirt, his character is firm - but most [of] all, his belief in you the students of Bethel, is firm. Jeff Kuhlman is a man who takes his point and pounds it in. If necessary, he'll take an issue and nail it to the wall. He doesn't attack things in spurts - he drives hard, pushing and pushing until finally - he succeeds. Jeff is a man who will go to the very end - even the climax, for each and every one of you. So please vote for Jeff Kuhlman, as he'll never come between us and the best our school can be." [Long pause after the word "come" on oral delivery, but no comma in the written version, according to Matthew N. Fraser]
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29. Teacher’s Speech Teacher’s Speech Does touch on matter of public concern NO 1st Amendment protection MAY have 1st Amendment protection Does not touch on matter of public concern “ Court must balance the public school teacher’s interest in commenting upon a matter of public concern against the school officials’ interest in promoting an efficient workplace of public service.”
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Remember, laws change all the time by way of COURT actions. Nothing in this presentation is set in stone since future court decisions may change how laws are interpreted. THE END

Notas del editor

  1. ©2008 Merrill 02/11/10 First Amendment
  2. ©2008 Merrill 02/11/10 First Amendment
  3. ©2008 Merrill 02/11/10 First Amendment
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  23. ©2008 Merrill 02/11/10 First Amendment