CVS provides turn-key vacuum degassing units and other plants and equipment for steel production. They design, manufacture, and assist with steel production processes. CVS has over 500 workers and engineers in Turkey who design and build plants from small pilot systems to large industrial units. Their vacuum systems use dry pumping technology which provides significant energy savings compared to steam ejector systems.

2. CVS MAKINA - Company Presentation
Ø CVS provides plants & equipment for minimills,
also in “turn-key” solution.
Ø CVS covers the complete design and
manufacturing activities for green-field projects
as well as revamping/upgrading of existing
plants and equipment.
Ø CVS manufactures spare parts & components
for meltshops & rolling mills.
Ø CVS provides technical assistance and
consulting service to steel production.

3. CVS MAKINA - Company Presentation
Quick Info
Ø CVS headquarter is placed in the industrial
region of Gebze, just east of Istanbul, close
to many major ports
Ø Our modern facilities consists of more than
40,000 sqm of closed area and a land of
additional approx. 40,000 sqm
Ø CVS workforce is formed by over than 500
specialized workers and engineers with a
modern machinery park to undertake even
the most challenging projects.
Ø Over than 200 engineers and administrative
employees are involved in the design and
management of the projects.

4. VACUUM DEGASSING UNIT
From Steam Ejector Pump to Dry Mechanical Pump, from single tank to complete
Vacuum Degassing Unit and from Engineering Services to Turn-Key Plants, CVS offers
economically viable solutions at European standards.
CVS Makina. Company Presentation

5. CVS - VD/VOD
Design Concept
qCVS Provides VD/VOD units wit a joint venture
company established in 2007
qTurn-key solutions provider for
q Process Plants and Installations in Vacuum&Pressure
Applications
q SCADA Automation Projects
qDesign and Production Facilities for
q Vacuum& Pressure Systems
q Automation and Software
qServices Provider for Energy Sector

6. CVS - EAF
Design Main Objective
q Dry Pump technology for Vacuum System
q Integrated solution for Process and Plant Automation (level 1
+ 2 Automation)
q Innovative Process Control: AI@SOLIS and AI@GAS
q Advanced Process Simulation and Optimization
q Substantial Energy Saving Solution
q Environmental Safe Solution

7. CVS - VD/VOD
Dry Mechanical Pump versus Steam Ejectors
• Energy and Cost Saving
• Higher Hydrogen Elimination and Better
Performances on working pressure
• Clean and Environmental Friendly
Technology
• No cleaning required
• Full computer controll
• Easier Maintenance
• Fast turn on / turn off service

8. CVS - VD/VOD
Energy and Cost Saving
Steam Ejector Spent Energy a typical VD 30 min. Degassing
process:
Average steam consume for a 800kg/h Steam Ejector: 16 t/h of
steam
16t/h x0.5h x 0.85Gcal/t = 6.4 GCal = 7.42 MWh (thermal)
Electrical equivalent of thermal energy for power turbines 40%
Electrical equivalent of thermal energy consumed by Steam Ejector
is therefore: 7.42 MWh x 0.40 = 2.97 MWh (electric)
Energy for water pumping (800m3/h): 300 kWh
Total Steam Ejector Energy Consume 3.3 MWh
Mechanical Pump System consumed power:
450kW x 0.5 h = 225KWh
Ratio of consumed power: 3.3MWh/0.225MWh=14.6 times
15 times less energy consume

9. CVS - VD/VOD
Higher Nitrogen and Hydrogen Elimination
qSievert Law:
[ H eq ] = K p H 2
where pH2 is partial pressure of H2 above liquid steel and K is a constant
• In case of a steam ejector pH2 is around 66% of total pressure
at 1 mbar this means 0.66 mbar; therefore to perform
degassing of the steel we need to go under this pressure
• In case of dry pumps pH2 is around 0.5% of total pressure
therefore the degassing process is more efficient and most
important can be done at higher pressure
• For a dry pumping system 10 mbar is a good degassing
pressure

10. CVS - VD/VOD
Clean and Environmental Friendly
• No water contamination
• Dust concentration in
exhaust gas < 5mg/m3
• Global Steel Industry
Requirement of
Reduced Green House
Emission is fully
achieved by using Dry
Pumping Technology
instead of Steam
Ejectors
Typical view of a Steam Ejector Pipe
• Saving Energy Effect on
Reduced Carbon
Footprint

11. CVS - VD/VOD
Dry Pumping System Structure
1st Stage
Roots Type Pumps
Working Pressure 5-0.1 mbar
2nd Stage
Roots Type Pump
Working Pressure 25-5 mbar
3rd Stage
Compressor Pump
Working Pressure 1000-25 mbar

12. CVS - VD/VOD
Scale of Evolution
OUTOKUMPU VOD 2X 80t
Integrated Solution
Process&Plant
Automation
CHONGQING RH 250 t
Very Large
Capacity VPS
TMK VD 100 t
Turn Key
Solutions
AVMIN VIM 6T
High Tech
Solution MMZ VD/VOD 100 t
Proving DPT
at large scale
Installations
COST VOD 12 t
Small Scale
Pilot
Plant
1998 2001 2003 2007 2008 2009

13. CVS - VD/VOD
Vacuum Technology in Secondary Metallurgy
q First Application of Dry
Pumping Technology in
Steel Degassing &
Processing (VOD)
q Patent RO118309
q 12 t VOD
q Stainless Steel, Special
Turbines Steel and
Implant Steel
VOD 12t, Romania, 1998

14. CVS - VD/VOD
Vacuum Technology in Secondary Metallurgy
VD/VOD100t, Moldova, 2001
q VD/VOD 100 t
q First Application of Dry Pumping Stage 3
Technology at large Degassing
Plants
q Low Carbon Steel
q Stage 1: 14 x GV 400 Drystar
Pumps
q Stage 2: 3 x HV 14000 Dresser
Roots Blowers Stage 2
q Stage 3: 4 x HV 30000 Dresser
Roots Blowers
Stage 1

15. CVS - VD/VOD
Vacuum Technology in Secondary Metallurgy
q Vacuum Induction
Melting and Casting
Furnace
q 6 t capacity
q Application: Special
Steel for Space Industry
q High Vacuum
Processing Technology:
10-5 mbar
q Vacuum Pumps: Dry +
Roots Blowers + Vapor
Boosters
A6t, South Africa, 2003

16. CVS - VD/VOD
Vacuum Technology in Secondary Metallurgy
q VD 100 t
q Turn-key delivery
q Application: Mechanical
Pipe Steel
q Low hydrogen content in
25 min process time
q 3 stage vacuum system
based on skid technology
q 4 skids at a total of 150
kg/h @ 0.5 mbar
q New design for vacuum
filter and filter control
system (<5 mg/m3 dust
load at exhaust)
q Level 1.5 automation
TMVD 100t,
Romania, 2007

17. CVS - VD/VOD
Vacuum Technology in Secondary Metallurgy
q Largest Dry Vacuum
System for Steel
Processing
q RH 250 t
q Innovative design for filter
system
q Application: Special Steel
q Low hydrogen content in
15 min process time
q 76 pumps arranged in 19
skids
q 1000kg/h @ 1 mbar pump
capacity
q Level 1.5 automation
RH 250 t, China, 2009

18. CVS - VD/VOD
Vacuum Technology in Secondary Metallurgy
q Twin VOD 80 t
q Process Simulation &
Control
q Level 2 Automation
q High Temperature Filter for
VOD Process
q On-line Chemical analysis
by AI@SOLIS
q Process Gas Analysis by
AI@GAS
q Optimized Process
Technology
q Application: ULC
Superferritic Stainless Steel
2 x VOD 80 t, Finland, 2009
q Ultralow Nitrogen
q Ultralow Sulphur

19. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Compact Design
q Advanced Design based on the
Process Simulation CVS can size
properly the vacuum system,
vacuum pipes, filter, tank/process
chamber and the other process
equipment using the process
simulation technique
q 3D Modeling
AutoDesk® Inventor 2009/2010
Package is Standard for Plant Design
and Engineering

20. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Process Mathematical Models
- deH - deC
0.025
- deN - deS
0.02
[S], ppm
0.015
0.01
0 2 4 6 8 10
Time, mi
- Temperature model

21. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Mathematical Models Validation
6 120 400
5 100
300
4 80
Calculated, ppm
Calculated, ppm
Calculated, ppm
3 200
60
2
40
100
1
20
0
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 100 200 300 400
Ana lyzed, ppm 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Analyzed, ppm
Ana lyzed, ppm
Experimental vs Model
• state of the art accuracy
• advanced “auto-tuning” techniques for parameter optimization based on measured
data

22. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Versatile Design
q CVS expertise extends to all
types of Secondary Metallurgy
Vacuum Processes: VD, VOD,
VT, RH, VIM
q AI has designed at least one of
each during the 10 years of
activity in SD
q The sizes of the installations
delivered to industry by CVS’s
Process Engineering Division
ranges from 6t up to 230t.
Standard Design for 12 t; 50t, 80t,
100t.

23. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Innovation – Filtration Equipment
q Mechanical Pumping Technology for Steel Degassing has as a key issue
for reliable operation:
the filtration technology used to separate the dust from
the flow stream
CVS has developed an efficient Filter System which brings operational
benefits in regards with other suppliers
q The filter technology must respond at minimum three tasks
q allow an almost perfect dust separation with a very small pressure drop
q withstand the harsh conditions of the process without being damaged by
temperature and ignition of the dust
q Automatic System for Integrity Filter Monitoring as the filter damage may
result in pumps destruction

24. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Innovation – Filtration Equipment
The Filter System developed
By CVS’s engineers responds to
all three key demands:
q Efficiency of 99% gas load is less
than 5 mg/m3
q Pressure drop: 0.1-0.2 mbar
pressure drop;
q Operational temperature range:
(20 -1000)o C

25. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Level 1 Software

26. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Level 2 Automation System
Process design
Process simulation
Results estimation
Advanced process calculation
Process parameters estimation
Level 2 automated control of the entire plant
Industrial aware process control of the entire plant
Plant overview in either automatic or manual control
Automatic model reaction to manual intervention in process
control
Advanced reporting and troubleshooting

27. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Hardware Architecture
Modules located and running on :
L1
Simulator
OPC Server
• modular architecture
L2A Primary/Production Server
• 99.9% guaranteed
L2A Failsafe/Test Server
L2A Server
availability
Configuration
Best Practices
• low maintenance
Troubleshooting
L3
Historical Logs Database Simulator
To L1 Interface To Calculation To L3 Interface To HMI
Server Server Server

28. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Full Automatic Process Control
• the metallurgical
process is fully
controlled by the level 2
software
• the operator is
provided with “one-look”
process status
• however, the operator
can easily at any
moment take control by
overriding the level 2
software

29. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Process Design
• unlimited flexibility in process design
• “technological objects” approach
• once established a “best practice procedure” through simulations, cost
analysis and hot tests, the software will automatically follow it

30. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
Offline Process Simulation
1000
100
vessel pressure, mbar
presiune la rece mbar
10
presiune la cald mbar
1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
0.1
time, min
8
7
6
Hydrogen content in steel, ppm
5
4
3
2
1
• great tool in process design 0
0 5 10 15 20
time, min
25 30
• through process mathematical modeling, the need of industrial tests is greatly reduced - thus
significantly reducing costs

31. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
New Analytical Tools
AI@GAS - Off Gas Analysis System
AI@SOLIS - In Situ Analysis of the Steel Chemical Composition
The Level 2 system can greatly benefit from the interface with these
advanced analytical tools. The calculations are validated through a
validation engine, this greatly improving the mathematical models
accuracy

32. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
- Precise and fast off-gas
analysis
- Better process control
through double-checking the
process model results and
error correction mechanisms

33. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features
- On-line steel
chemistry analysis
- On-line slag
chemistry analysis
- On-line steel
temperature
measurement

34. CVS - VD/VOD
Key Features