1. THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE

2. THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE THE MATERIALS THAT FORM THE UNIVERSE . Thewholeknownuniverseisformedbythesamematerials. ThematerialsthatformtheEarth are thesameonesthatformtheMoon, JupiterortheSun. MATTER: Itiseverythingthat has mass and volume SUBSTANCE: Itiseachonethedifferentmattertypes PROPERTIES OF MATTER: General properties: they are thosethatallmatter shares and alllowsustorecognizematter. There are general properties: MASS: Itisthequantity of matterthat a body has VOLUME: Itisthespacethatoccupiesthismatter Specificproperties: They are thosethatallowustodifferentiatesomematerialsfromothers. Someones are: thecolour, theshine, thesize, theform, thehardness, thedensity, theellasticity, etc.

3. THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE MEASURE OF MATTER: Magnitude: Itisanyproppierty of matterthatyou can measure, forexample: theweight, thelength, thespeed, etc. Tomeasure: Itis compare a magnitudewiththeunit, fotr ex.: 3 kg., 2m., 50 km/h, etc. International System of Units ( S.I.): Almostallthecountries of theworldhaveadoptedthissystem of units, so thatalmosteverybodymeasures in thesameway. In thefollowing chart we can seethemostimportantunits

4. THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE

5. THE DENSITY: Density: Itistherelationshipbetweenthemass of a body and thevolumethatitoccupies. Mathematicallyitisexpressedthisway. d=m/v ( density = mass/ volume) Themostimportantunittomeasurethedensityisthe g/ cm3, itisalsousedkg/m3. Mass: itisthequantity of matterthat a body has. Themassdoesn´tvaryfromone place toanother; a body has thesamemass of theEarthortheMoon. Themostimportantunitisthekg. THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE

6. Weight: ItistheforcewithwichtheEarthattracts a body. Theweightvariesfromone place toanother; onebodydoesn´thavethesameweightontheEarthorontheMoon. Wewillstudytheunitslater. Volume: Itisthespacethat a bodyoccupies, orhowbigorsmallthatitis, themostimportantunitisthem3, althoughthesmallestbodies are measured in cm3 THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE

7. THE MATTER OF THE UNIVERSE MATERIALS: Theobjects are manufacturedwithmultiplematerials. Each material isselectedcarefullyforthefunction of itspropierties. Thegrowingindustrializationdemandsthatwe look for new materialsto manufacture novel objectsortoimproveoldmaterials. Ourscientificknowledgealsoallowsusto manufacture substancesthathaveneverexisted. Forexample, recentlytheyhaveinvented : medications, insecticides, plastics, varnishes, paintings, fibers etc.