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Canadian Copyright
     Reform in Context
                   michael geist
canada research chair in internet and e-commerce law
         university of ottawa, faculty of law
Context
Content
Context
Six Points
i.
The Importance of
    Copyright
No
[innovation/investment/
creativity/new business
         models]
without copyright reform
Innovation/Investment
Venture Capital
          Tax
Government Funding (C-10)
         Talent
Communications Networks
Creativity
Business Models
music
music
music
music
music
music
music
ii.
Consultations and
    Reforms
Lengthy consultation,
   Limited action
Limited consultation,
Considerable action
Last consultation:
      2001
10% of Canadians were
    not even born
1987 - Phase One - first round of reform with new
rights (moral rights, secondary infringement)

1992 - Treaty Reform - rental rights

1997 - Phase Two - private copying, statutory
damages

2002 - Internet retransmission

2007 - Anti-camcording legislation
iii.
Canada in the World
“antiquated, outdated,
 weak, ineffective…”
USTR special 301
“In regard to the watch list, Canada does
not recognize the 301 watch list process.
  It basically lacks reliable and objective
     analysis. It's driven entirely by U.S.
industry. We have repeatedly raised this
 issue of the lack of objective analysis in
 the 301 watch list process with our U.S.
                 counterparts.”

 - Department of Foreign Affairs, 2007
4.4 billion people
13 of the top 20
countries by GDP
World Economic Forum -
  2008 IP Rankings
 1. Germany
 2. UK
 3. France
 4. Canada
 5. Japan
 6. United States
 7. Italy
 8. Russia
Global IP Index 2008
1. US
2. UK
3. Germany
4. Canada
5. France
6. Japan
7. Italy
8. Russia
compliant with its treaty
      obligations
Many areas where
Canadian law is stronger
    than the U.S.
Broadcast royalties
   Performance royalties
   Neighbouring Rights
    Film Exhibition Fees
       Private Copying
       Education Fees
        Moral Rights
Creator Employment Rights
Fewer Compulsory Licenses
 More Copyright Collectives
Copyright Board of Canada
          No Parody
      No Time Shifting
      Crown Copyright
iv.
Copyright in the World
“dmca or bust”
“our Clinton administration
policies didn't work out very
            well”
             - Bruce Lehman, 2007
great flexibility
Reject WIPO Internet Treaties
 Reject Anti-Circumvention
     Flexibly Implement
      Balance Reforms
v.
Copyright vs.
Counterfeiting
Proceeds of Crime
Trademark Provisions
   Border powers
 Mislabeling products
vi.
Copyright Voices
“Excessive control by holders of copyrights
 and other forms of intellectual property may
unduly limit the ability of the public domain to
     incorporate and embellish creative
   innovation in the long-term interests of
    society as a whole, or create practical
       obstacles to proper utilization.”

                         - Theberge, 2002
Content
Nine Points
do no harm to user rights
link anti-circumvention to
  copyright infringement
no ban on devices
flexible fair dealing
notice and notice
modernize backup
   provision
rationalize statutory
      damages
making available =
   distribution
crown copyright
canadaʼs choice
choose wisely

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Canadian Copyright Reform in Context