Marine Simple Organisms Notes

1. Kingdoms: Monera, Protista,
Fungi, & Plantae

2. PrimaryPrimary
ProducersProducers
• Capable of using light energy to
perform photosynthesis and thus
create their own food

3. Autotrophs &Autotrophs &
HeterotrophsHeterotrophs
• Autotroph – organism capable of
producing own food
• Heterotroph – organism that needs to
ingest nutrients/food

4. Prokaryotic &Prokaryotic &
EukaryoticEukaryotic
• Prokaryotic – cells that do not have a
nucleus
• Eukaryotic – cells that have a defined
nucleus

5. KingdomKingdom
MoneraMonera
• Prokaryotic
• Autotrophic or Heterotrophic
• Bacteria & Cyanobacteria

6. BacteriaBacteria
• Unicellular
• Rod-shaped with cell wall
• Smallest living creatures on earth
• Prokaryote
• Kingdom Monera

9. CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria
• Blue-Green Algae
• Photosynthetic Bacteria
• Important role in the accumulation of
oxygen in our atmosphere

11. KingdomKingdom
ProtistaProtista
• Eukaryotic
• Combine characteristics of plants &
animals
• Includes: unicellular algae, protozoans,
and multi-cellular algae

12. UnicellularUnicellular
AlgaeAlgae
• Widely used term to describe mostly
aquatic, photosynthetic eukaryotes

13. DiatomsDiatoms
• Unicellular algae
• Cell walls made of silica
• Drifts in water (plankton)

15. DinoflaggellatesDinoflaggellates
• Unicellular algae
• Two unequal size flagella
• Cell wall of armored plates of cellulose

17. ForaminiferansForaminiferans
• Protozoans (animal like protists)
• Have pseudopodia (cytoplasmic
extenstions)
• Also called forams

19. CiliatesCiliates
• Protozoans
• Have hair-like cilia to move
• Can live in gills, intestines, skin of fish,
or attached to surfaces

21. Multi-CellularMulti-Cellular
AlgaeAlgae
• Called “Seaweeds”
• More complex than unicellular algae
but not as complex as terrestrial plants
• Categorized in Kingdom Protista,
however some put them in Plantae

22. Parts:Parts:
Thallus:
• The entire structure
Stipe:
• Stem-like part
Blade:
• Leaf-like part
Holdfast:
• Holds on but not a true
root not capable of
transport

23. Green algaeGreen algae
• Most found in freshwater or terrestrial
environments
• Unicellular
• Bright green because chlorophyll is not
masked.

25. Brown AlgaeBrown Algae
• Almost all marine
• Make up the most complex and largest
seaweeds
• Make up kelp

27. Red AlgaeRed Algae
• Most found in marine environments
• Largest group of algae

29. KingdomKingdom
FungiFungi
• 500 species of marine fungi
• Decomposers of dead matter
• Non-photosynthetic
• Plant-like
• Eukaryotic

30. KingdomKingdom
PlantaePlantae
• Eukaryotic
• Photosynthetic
• Almost all multi-cellular

31. SeagrassesSeagrasses
• Not really grasses, more closely related
to lilies
• Form meadows in shallow, tropical
waters

32. Salt TolerantSalt Tolerant
plantsplants
• Most plants that inhabit salt marshes
and shorelines are just tolerant to salt
water and do not have adaptations
especially for it