The document discusses the evolution towards pervasive computing through three stages: 1) multi-channel delivery with many devices for each context, 2) cross-channel delivery with many devices accessible across contexts, and 3) impromptu networking where devices aggregate services in a context. It also describes how networks, devices, applications and user experiences are converging to create an "abstract reality" of actors, contexts and channels.

1. The Path Towards Pervasive Computing A Network Approach Michel Burger Embrace Networks February 14 th , 2002

4. Example: 1994 Ubiquitous Computing The Internet and the Web are not just a transition to the next era but a complete transformation of how computing and network services are perceived and used Mainframe era many share a computer Internet - Widespread Distributed Computing a transition Ubiquitous Computing many computers share each of us PC era one computer, one person

7. From multi-channel to cross-channel Many different and unrelated contexts Now A single context using the most appropriate channels for the most appropriate experience Future

8. Access to the context is dynamic Device come and go expansion reduction transition Devices act as bridge between contexts

9. Today access is channel specific User in context For each service Services Networks Devices For each user experience

10. Tomorrow access is in two steps User Services Virtual Identity Virtual Identity A Service Level Agreement that defines the best devices for the best experience Trust Level Agreement & Service Level Agreement

11. Evolution of a web system - I yesterday Web Server Client

12. Evolution of a web system - II Rendering Server Transaction Server today yesterday Web Server Client Client

14. Evolution of a web system - III emerging Rendering Server Transaction Server today yesterday Web Server Context Server Transaction Server Real time interaction Server Transaction Server Client Client Client Client Rendering Server Rendering Server Rendering Server Rendering Server User Server Client Client

16. The user component details User User services Wallet Shopping cart Address Book Calendar Buddy list Shared files List of reference Decision maker Brand/Look&Feel aggregation Web service experience Web service profiling Virtual Identities Trust level agreement Presence management Device experience Experience profiling Device registration Device input (localization, mood….) User identification & authentication

17. Evolution of a web system - IV tomorrow emerging Context Server Transaction Server Real time interaction Server Transaction Server User Server Rendering Server Rendering Server Rendering Server Rendering Server User Server Client Client Client Client Rendering Server Rendering Server Rendering Server Rendering Server Service Service Type: transactional interactive media informative Client Client Client Client Context Server Context Server

20. Questions ?

21. Background Slides

22. Web Service Evolution I Private interface Look Up or Registry (UDDI) Transaction Server Web service Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP Rendering Server Transaction Server Client

23. Web Service Evolution II Look up / Registry Web service Public interface Programmatic Brand/look&feel Feature Level agreement (FLA) Ontology Mediator Content semantic description Example Globalization ontology Rendering Server Transaction Server Client Look Up / Registry (UDDI) Transaction Server Web service Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP

24. Web Service Evolution III Look up / Registry Web service Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP Web Service Web Service Context Server Look up / Registry Web Service Web service interface or proxy implementing the interface is added to the context Public interface to dynamically add and remove web services Public interface (WSDL using SOAP)

25. Web service canonical form A web service as a combination zero or more of each of the canonical elements and zero or more web services 0-n 0-n 0-n 0-n Web service Canonical elements Aggregator in/out Filter in/out Transcoder in/out Producer Producer Producer Producer Producer Producer Filter in/out Filter in/out Filter in/out Filter in/out Filter in/out Transcoder in/out Transcoder in/out Transcoder in/out Transcoder in/out Transcoder in/out Aggregator in/out Aggregator in/out Aggregator in/out Aggregator in/out Aggregator in/out Control Content Legend Web service Web service Web service Web service Web service 0-n

26. Evolution of the computing model Java+Jini Java VM Java RMI Simulations Constraints Knowledge Genetics  Search Influences : Actors / Hewitt SmallTalk VM Oberon / Wirth Xerox / Cedar Miror World’s / Gelertner Santa Fe Inst. / Holland DBMS Spreadsheet Word Processor Disk OS’s Device Drivers (disk, tape, serial) From 1950’s Disk-Centric Computing DBMS Spreadsheet Word Processor Device Drivers (disk, tape, serial) Telnet FTP … Services HTTP SMTP TCP / IP Network Devices (3Com, Cisco, ...) From 1980’s Net-Centric Computing Telnet FTP … Services HTTP SMTP Network Devices (3Com, Cisco,...) Business Logic Non-Imperative Logistics Objects + Agents Devices / Basic Services (implemented as objects) Emerging now Object-centric Computing Business Logic Non-Imperative Logistics Devices/ Basic Services (implemented as objects)