Greenhouse Gas Accounting: NCAS

Greenhouse Gas Accounting: NCAS Carbon Farming Expo - Orange Nov 2008 Dr Bill Slattery Department of Climate Change

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Australia’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2006) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],100 150 200 250 300 Mt CO 2 -e 0 50 Stationary Energy Transport Fugitive Emissions Industrial Processes Agriculture Land Use Change and Forestry Waste 50% 14% 6% 5% 16% 7% 3%

Key Greenhouse Gases from Land-systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Australia’s National Carbon Accounting System Modelling framework

Carbon in soils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Carbon CO 2 Plant production Photosynthesis Plant residues Mineralisation Soil animals and microbes Recalcitrant organic C Particulate organic C Humus organic C Burning

Nitrous oxide from soils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C & N 2 O Soil animals and microbes CO 2 Plant production Photosynthesis Plant residues Recalcitrant organic C Particulate organic C Humus organic C Burning Fertiliser Organic N NO 3 Mineralisation NH 4 Plant uptake N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification

Methane from sheep and cattle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C, N 2 O & CH 4 Soil animals and microbes CO 2 Plant production Photosynthesis Plant residues Recalcitrant organic C Particulate organic C Humus organic C Burning Fertiliser NO 3 Mineralisation NH 4 Plant uptake N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification Organic N Manure CH 4 Breed Pasture Quality Urine

National Carbon Accounting System Remote sensing 15 Landsat images from 1972 - 2006 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Site specific data Emissions estimation

How does NCAS work? ,[object Object],[object Object]

Relationship with NGGI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],National Greenhouse Inventory

Accounting methods - UNFCCC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What does this mean? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Enabling NCAS to provide emission estimates at: Farm scale Regional scale National scale

[object Object],[object Object],Potential to Sequester Soil Carbon Major role of carbon in soil

For Cropping Soils ,[object Object],[object Object],Finite period ~ 20yrs “ whole systems accounting” 0.1 – 0.2 tCO 2 e /ha/y 0.003 kgCO 2 e/ha/y C sequestration No-till 0.5 – 3 tCO 2 /ha/y Nitrous oxide

NCAS example model runs Soil C (tC/ha) Plant biomass (tC/ha) Stubble burnt Years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Years Soil C (tC/ha) Plant biomass (tC/ha) Stubble standing This represents a reduced loss not a sequestration

0 20 40 60 80 100 Years C (t/ha) Rutherglen – Standing stubble Cropping soil – low rainfall (uneven seasonal pattern) Soil C Plant Biomass NCAS example model runs

Mudgee - Standing stubble Cropping soil – high rainfall (even seasonal pattern) NCAS example model runs

Pastures (assuming a 1% increase in soil C over 10 years) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],“ whole systems accounting” 0.4 tCO 2 e /ha/y C sequestration 0.3 – 5 tCO 2 /ha 0.6 – 4 tCO 2 /ha 0.1 leg – 0.3 fert tCO 2 /ha Methane Methane N inputs Finite period ~ 20yrs

GREAT NEWS ON OUR GREENHOUSE TARGETS WE’VE BRED A COW THAT DOESN’T RELEASE ANY METHANE

NCAS example model runs 0 20 40 60 80 100 Years Permanent pasture Soil C Plant biomass

NCAS example model runs Soil C = 76 t CO 2 e Methane = 250 - 500 t CO 2 e Nitrous oxide = 30 - 60 tCO 2 e N fertiliser or legume pasture grazing Net emissions 0 20 40 60 80 100 Years Permanent pasture Soil C Plant biomass

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Other factors play an important role in determining the amount of C that can be stored in soil:

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Concluding Remarks

Greenhouse Gas Accounting: NCAS

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Greenhouse Gas Accounting: NCAS