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keyline
contour
Keyline System
For the Small Tropical Farm
ridge
ridge
ridge
ridge
Understanding Tropical
Rain Drainage
Gulley
Gulley
Gulley
Gulley
Water runs from dry ridges
to flooded gullies.
Yoeman’s Keyline Design
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Large Scale Tropical Farm
Contour FarmingContour Farming
S.A.L.T.
Sloping Agricultural Land Technology
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Perennial Shrubs and Hedges
Napier Grass
Legume shrubs
Productive height 2 meter
Cut down to 1 meter
Small Scale Tropical Farm
S.A.L.T.
"sloping agricultural land technology"
Small Scale Tropical Farm
S.A.L.T.
Simple Agro-Livestock Technology (SALT 2)
Sustainable Agro-forest Land Technology (SALT 3)
Small Agro-Livelihood Technology (SALT 4)
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Mani Mani - Don’t let cuttings dry out
Triconthera- 3 nodes per cutting
Napier-3 nodes
Vetivar space 15 cm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Small Scale Tropical Farm
Contour stops erosion
but ridges still dry out
Swale 3
Contour swales impound
water while it soaks in and
have their place
Contour swales impound
water while it soaks in and
have their place
The Swale
Water percolates through
to the lower soil 2 waysWater provides extra
growth potential in the
soil system
Contour swales impound
water while it soaks in and
have their place
swale
Contour swales impound
water while it soaks in and
have their place
5 year Master development plan - 3 hectares - tropical - 1,600mm annual rainfall
30% pasture, 30% forest,15% water, 25% fruits/vegetables
swales
swales
swales
swales
swales
Pond 00
Pond 0
Pond 1
Pond 2
Pond 3
Pond 4Pond 5
Pond 00 - ridge dam
Pond 0 - contour dam
Pond 1 - contour dam
Pond 2 - barrier/check dam
Pond 3 - keyline dam
Pond 4 - saddle dam
Pond 5 - ridge dam
12,000L rainwater storage
W
aterharvestinghardware
-household&
road
Waterharvesting
hardware-road
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
King of Siam
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Deep rooted tropical grass
• Non invasive
• Tillering - non running
• Economical
• Erosion stopper
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
15 cm spacing =
7 slips/m =
700 slips/100m =
P42,000 / kilometer
@ P6.00/slip
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Vetiver
Super bound non-erosion
Roots fail to interlock
Root and shoot pruning
Livestock feed
Livestock feed
Livestock feed
Livestock feed
Off Contour triangle
The adjustment is suttle:
1”/yard (2cm/meter)
Off Contour triangle
The adjustment is suttle:
1”/yard (2cm/meter)
Off Contour triangle
The adjustment is suttle:
1”/yard (2cm/meter)
Down to ridges, up to gullies!
Do not turn the apparatus
but lead with appropriate leg.
keyline
contour
2000 slips
Direct Planting
2000 slips
Direct Planting
Inoculation 2000 slips
Direct Planting
EM Dip Inoculation
Direct Planting
Mycorrhizal Dip Inoculation
Direct Planting
6 months6 months
12 months12 months
10 months in drum10 months in drum
10 months in drum10 months in drum
10 months in drum10 months in drum
10 months in bag10 months in bag
Best nursery practiceBest nursery practice
6 months in aquaponics6 months in aquaponics
Vetiver soil stabilizationVetiver soil stabilization

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Keyline without a tractor for small farms