3.  In 1897, R. Virchow made the first critical
assessment of the existing data about
peopling of the Philippines by using skull
analysis data.

4.  Wilhelm Schmidt referred to the family of
languages spoken from Taiwan to New
Zealand and Madagascar to Easter
Island.

5.  During Pleistocene
period, large tracts
of land of
submerged Sunda
shelf have been
exposed to the
surface

6.  Fossils of Java man
retrieved from diff.
sites of central Java
 Dated back 1.3-0.5
million years ago

7.  Tabon Caves
(Palawan) are one
of the most
significant
archeological sites in
the Philippines

8.  The caves have
yielded tibia
fragments and a
mandible dated
47,000-31,000 years
ago
 complement to the
skull of the so-called
Tabon man dated
16,500 years ago

9.  Discovery of
Paleolithic cultural
remains beyond the
Huxley’s Line, in
Southwest Sulawesi,
Eastern Timor, and in
Luzon, in the
Cagayan Valley

10.  Paleolithic stone
tools found in Arubo,
Nueva Ecija and
other sites in Rizal
Province, Davao,
Taal, Novaliches and
Balukbuk but without
geological context.

12.  They were the
direct
descendants of
the Java Homo
Sapiens
 Noah’s Ark model
claim that
Sundaland Homo
Erectus disappeared
before being
replaced by Homo
Sapiens from Africa.

14.  “Isolation stance”
model – infrequent
contacts with the
culturally
Austronesian
speakers
 Interdependent
model of evolution-
strong trading
interactions have
been maintained
between Negritos
and Austronesian
speakers for 1,000-
3,000 years

15.  Second inhibitors of
the archipelago
 Associated with the
Neolithic cultural
stage

16.  Inhabitants of the
Philippines as
indigenous people
who have
undergone a long
period of internal
development
 They are exogenous,
implying movements
of people

17.  Defends that the
homeland speakers
lies within the wide
triangle called
Austronesia
 Insists the period of
internal
development
 Origin of the current
cultural and linguistic
differences

18.  Contests existence of large group of
people migrations for various reason:
-shaky date concordance bet. linguistic
and archeological proofs
-serious competition with previous
residents