UNICEF Kenya Country Programme 2014 -2018: Focus on Innovation/Best Practices for Child Rights, Reaching the most Deprived Children and Building Resilience
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UNICEF Executive Director Mr. Anthony Lake said that “I believe UNICEF’s most important contribution has been innovation. Technical innovation, of course, but also innovation in how we think about development.” This presentation explains the links between the UNICEF Kenya Country Programme 2014 – 2018 and how innovations/best practices in Kenya will support Country Office’s main objective of setting equitable standards for all children to realise their rights, with a focus on the most vulnerable children and those in the most marginalised counties and communities, especially in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands. Given the ultimate goal of realizing the rights of children, strong programme planning is required to unpack the right issues, and identify the bottlenecks, goals and results to be achieved, which inform activities to be undertaken. As unicef focuses on reaching the poorest and most vulnerable communities around the world, addressing the root causes of inequity so that all children have access to education, healthcare, sanitation, clean water, protection and other services necessary for their survival, growth, and development – in Kenya, UNICEF programme is built around three strategic shifts: a. Embedding all children’s and adolescent’s rights within the reformed governance system; b. Modelling service delivery approaches to reach the most vulnerable children, focusing on high-burden counties, informal urban settlements and adolescents, and building capacity for scaling up successful approaches; and c. Strengthening resilience of systems, communities and households in the face of recurrent types of crises. In the last country programme, UNICEF Kenya supported over 21 different best practices whilst delivering results for children. This presentation explains a part of the exercise in the run up to establishing office wide UNICEF Kenya Innovation Strategy on best practices.
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UNICEF Kenya Country Programme 2014 -2018: Focus on Innovation/Best Practices for Child Rights, Reaching the most Deprived Children and Building Resilience
- 1. UNICEF Kenya Country Programme 2014-2018 Innovations for Results Minu Limbu, @minulimbu Emergency Specialist/Innovation Focal Point mlimbu@unicef.org, UNICEF Kenya
- 2. For the sake of children…. Context, Situation, Opportunities Three Strategic “Shifts” Results: Regional Priorities and the new CP Examples of Innovation 1 2 4 3
- 3. Kenya – Context 49% of population <18 years, and 62% are <24 years 75% of children & adolescents experience 1 or multiple deprivations Prolonged and repetitive cycles of drought cause economic losses – spillover conflicts & increased number of refugees 42% living in poverty – 145th out of 186 poorest country ( human development index) • Rights based constitution adopted in 2010 • Economic growth rate - 4.7% in 2013 • Transition to Devolved governance ends in 2016 • 32% allocation of government revenue allocation for counties (2013-2014) • Delivering as One environment – UNDAF & MTPII in place (2014) • New Kenya External Resource Policy (2014)
- 4. 4 Children and Adolescents – Situation 20 million children 15.8 million deprived in sanitation 13.1 million inadequate shelter 5.3 million deprived in education 7.8 million deprived of safe water 1.1 million deprived in health* 2.1 million stunted* 75%Children experience (at least)single deprivation
- 5. Three Strategic Shifts for Children
- 6. STRATEGICSHIFTSINNEW COUNTRYPROGRAMME Embedding Child Rights into devolved governance Reaching the most deprived children within ASAL, Urban and focus on low-income areas Building resilience of systems and communities in the face of recurrent conflicts and crisis Strategic shifts…..
- 7. Embedding Child Rights into Devolved Governance Political Manifesto National Plan Priorities and Standards Constitutional & legal provisions International Human Rights Treaties One National Government, 47 Counties, 10 municipalities Advocacy, Policies Plans Evidence and Info Mgmt Budgeting, financing, fund raising Partnerships alliances Capacity Enhancement & Technical Assistance Baselines; Research; Real Time Monitoring Social Budgeting; Costing; Fund Raising & Leveraging Alliance Building, Leveraging Resources, Community Education & Engagement UNICEF’s KEY ROLES Systems for service delivery Support for Essential Service Provision; Modeling resilience BENCHMARKS AND STANDARDS FOR CHILDREN WITHIN DEVOLVED GOVERNANCE
- 8. • Kenya Overview of children experiencing multiple deprivations in health, education, water and sanitation and nutrition rights together with deprivations in material well-being. Composite Index on child deprivation – Kenya 2013 Reaching the most deprived children in Kenya
- 9. Humanitarian Response – Recovery & DRR – Resilience building Response – Recovery & DRR – Resilience…..
- 10. UNICEF Kenya Country Programme for 2014-2018 Results
- 11. 1. Inclusive Environment Outcome 1 Behavior and social change Outcome 2 Child-responsive budgeting Outcome 3 Evidence-based approaches 2. Protective Environment Outcome 4 Child Protection Outcome 5 HIV&AIDS Outcome 6 Social Protection 3. Healthy Environment Outcome 7 Health Outcome 8 Nutrition Outcome 9 Water Sanitation and Hygiene 4. Learning Environment Outcome 1 Education Outcome 11 Early Childhood Development Education UNICEF Country Programme 2014-18 Outcomes Cross Sectoral ( covers operational and management results)
- 12. Survive and Thrive: Maternal Neonatal Health; EPI; Birth registration; Early learning Reduce Stunting: Infant and Young Child Feeding; Management of SAM; Hygiene and Diarrhoea prevention Quality Education and Learning: Early learning; Education quality; Out of school learning Results for Adolescents: HIV prevention for adolescents; violence prevention for adolescents; Social Protection: Social Protection Systems Strengthening; Child sensitive budgetary frameworks for social protection ESAR REGIONAL PRIORITIES: KENYA RESPONSE
- 14. “Innovation at UNICEF is collaboration that translates ideas, technologies, and partnerships into products, services, and processes to bring about better, more equitable results for children. UNICEF creates and guides approaches that are transformative, at scale, for the world’s most vulnerable children.”
- 15. Figure 1: (MAP A) 47 counties in Kenya showing Level of Child Deprivation also known as Child Deprivation Index/Source: UNICEF (MAP B) Mobile telephone network coverage of Kenya in 2010/Source: © Europa Technologies & GSM Association Full Report: Minu Limbu and Marcel Rudasingwa URL: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2585686 Child Deprivation Index Mobile 2G Coverage Child Rights Vs Digital Divide
- 16. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Child Protection Education Emergency Health Nutrition Social Policy 2 20 Planning Ongoing Programm es Products (Tools) Processes Partnershi ps Transformation through Innovation
- 17. Sector(s) Best Practices Description KCO Partners eMIS SMS/web based education information management with direct access to over 20K head teachers x x CPIMS (Kakuma) Process based and partners owned information system for child crisis in Kakuma Refugee Camp x x Uterine Balloon Tamponade To address extremely high maternal mortality rates in rural areas. x x Cash Transfer for Orphan Vulnerable Children CT-OVC have high fiduciary risks at payment system. Now, over 50,000 HH i.e. 150,000 beneficiaries x x Improvement in real time data collection Support 20 – 30 cross nutrition assessment and generate evidence in almost real time. x x Kenya Inter Agency Rapid Assessment Addresses HoA real time evaluation on lack of inter agency decision support mechanisms during emergency x x PCA Database Partnership Dbase To improve efficiency and effectiveness of the partnership engagement through proper MnE, reporting x
- 18. Sector(s) Best Practices Description KCO Partners eMIS SMS/web based education information management with direct access to over 20K head teachers x x CPIMS (Kakuma) Process based and partners owned information system for child crisis in Kakuma Refugee Camp x x Uterine Balloon Tamponade To address extremely high maternal mortality rates in rural areas. x x Cash Transfer for Orphan Vulnerable Children CT-OVC have high fiduciary risks at payment system. Now, over 50,000 HH i.e. 150,000 beneficiaries x x Improvement in real time data collection Support 20 – 30 cross nutrition assessment and generate evidence in almost real time. x x Kenya Inter Agency Rapid Assessment Addresses HoA real time evaluation on lack of inter agency decision support mechanisms during emergency x x PCA Database Partnership Dbase To improve efficiency and effectiveness of the partnership engagement through proper MnE, reporting x
- 19. I Programmes Products (Tools) Processes Partnerships Kenya featured in Global Innovation Meet and Global Innovation Project Mappings KCO Focus for Innovation In the new CPD
- 20. For CPD 2014 - 2018 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 inclusive environmnet protective environment healthy environment Learning environment Cross Sectoral
- 21. Best Practices in Kenya
- 22. My school is a place where pupils have access to clean water for drinking and washing needs. A) YES or B) NO Measuring quality education (via Android and Web)
- 23. Power to the Phone@echo_mobi ICF Primary School Wajir County Quick Glance TSC Code: 933904027 Sub County: Wajir East Head Teacher: Rashid Yussuf Phone: 0723903014 Merit Score: 64.6% KCPE Score: 267.1 CFS Score: 56.1% Book-Pupil Ratio 3:1 Pupil-Teacher Ratio 1:46 Pupil-Classroom Ratio: 98:1 GER: 98% NER: 89% Monthly Attendance: 76% Completion Rate: 32% Enrollment Boys: 316 Enrollment Girls: 868 Enrollment Total: 1184 # of Teachers: 17 Water Source: Well WASH Pupil-Latrine Ratio: 40:1 Solar Panels for Lighting: Yes CFS Training: Yes C4D Enrollment Drive: No Map| Resources| School Plan | MERIT | CFS | M-Learning | EMIS | Partners VideosPhotosMap School Plan CFS Scores Merit Scores EMIS Data Partners Documents M-Learning EMISLight Kenya NATIONAL Wajir COUNTY Wajir West CONSTITUENCY ICF Pri. Sch. SCHOOL Search school or region… Question 3: Analyzing quality education. EMIS Light Online dashboard More.. .. And More..
- 24. Kenya Multi Agency Rapid Assessment (KIRA), Bottom Up Innovation from Africa Oxford University Humanitarian Innovation Conference 2014 24
- 25. 25
- 27. Minu Limbu, @minulimbu Emergency Specialist/Innovation Focal Point mlimbu@unicef.org, UNICEF Kenya
Notas del editor
- Kenya is known as “crown jewel” of East and South Africa for both technology and processed based innovations. In order to boost CO’s efforts to meet the needs of children and women in Kenya, the new country programme 2014 – 2018 will continue to adopt and re-use existing/new innovative approaches. An integrated, cross sectoral strategy on innovation is currently being drafted to streamline CO in harnessing not only new technologies but also the non-technological processes to achieve better results for children in Kenya. But first we need to understand what are the needs or the issues of children in Kenya that needs addressing. Then only, one can really talk about the possibility of innovating whilst reaching those results for children. It might not be technological and chances are it might be more process based innovations. Why? - Follow the discussions!!
- Drive towards middle income status programming environment will change with reduced funding for UNICEF Deprivations and inequality: approx. 1 million children are out of school. Infant & child mortality high: 44/1000 and 74/1,000 children born alive die before their 1st and 5th birth day, resp. Most die from preventable causes including newborn causes, pneumonia, diarrhoea, HIV/AIDS, malaria. HIV/AIDS: Adult HIV prevalence at 5.6% in 2012, from 7.2 % in 2007; large disparities by population groups and geography - infection rates in some counties reach 22%. Approx. 1.2 million adults with HIV (58% female), 104,000 children with HIV. Approx. 2.6 million children under 18 are orphans or vulnerable children (OVC). Urbanisation and urban poverty: about 32% of the population living in urban areas in 2009 but projected at 45% in 2015 and 54% by 2030 implications for children (access to services, exposure to harmful media, literature, …)
- Three strategic shifts in the new CP. Embedding children’s rights within devolved governance ( see slide on UNICEF devolution strategy coming up); Reaching the most deprived children within ASAL, Urban and focus on low-income areas; Building resilience of systems and communities in the face of recurrent conflicts and crisis
- UNICEF devolution strategy
- Same counties have suffered 50 years of political marginalisation and repeated cycles of drought and/or conflict. 13 Indicators make up the composite index
- The UNICEF Strategic Plan, 2014-2017, Realizing the rights of every child, especially the most disadvantaged - Education outcome: Improved learning outcomes and equitable and inclusive education. UNICEF will continue its focus on access and learning in primary education. It will support strengthening of systems to provide multiple and alternative pathways for disadvantaged and excluded children, including children with disabilities and girls, with an emphasis on measurable learning outcomes (pg. 7) Vision 2030-Second Medium Term Plan (2013-2017) Transforming Kenya: Pathway to devolution, socio economic development, equity and national unity. Government will focus on addressing low enrollment in areas that remain below the national average, retain students in school up to 18 years, provide education through a digital platform, and match education and training with the demand for the skills required in the workplace (pg. 4) National Education Sector Support Programme (NESSP) 2013/2014-2017/2018 outlines priority education sector programs
- Kenya programme will contribute to xx of the xx regional priorities; identified because they are also priorities for Kenya
- For areas where youth are digitally connected, the debate is more about ethics, raising awareness, and social good. However, for children living in geographic locations with no connectivity, the challenge is more about finding alternative approaches to help them access the most basic information. The convention of the Rights of the Child states that access to information is as important as access to food and water. Then how can we connect the most deprived children and youth in the most vulnerable areas? The authors highlight the direct correlation between the digital disconnect and the status of children in the most marginalized communities in Kenya. The essay further explores the possibility of reaching the most vulnerable children in Kenya and urges readers to share best practices, engage in conducive partnerships and collaboration for “connecting the dots” between policy makers, practitioners (including children and youth), and researchers to advocate for the rights of the child — even in the most deprived communities. URL: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2585686
- •In 2013–2014, Kenya initiated 19 different innovative projects led by different sections like Emergency and Field Ops, Education, Child Protection, Nutrition, Health, Social Policy and Planning sections. Most of these approaches were focused on improving L2/L3 monitoring as well as supporting evidence based decisions especially in the run up to the elections in 2013. •From the recent PMC retreat, senior management showed strong support and willingness to expose staff on “doing things differently”. PMC suggested standard for KCO Innovations are: Serving a purpose, Context sensitive, Designed to be scalable, viable and sustainable, Cost effective, Do No Harm, Equity oriented, Risk informed.
- Innovation from UNICEF Kenya was recognized in Oxford University, Harvard University and MIT/Harvard Conferences including UN Secretary General sanctioned World Humanitarian Summit 2016 regional consultations.
- One principle of innovation is not to re invent the wheel. Innovations from the last 4 year country programme is still very valid and related to the 3 strategic shifts as well as the results areas as shown in this figure.
- Quality Education and Learning: Education Quality – tracking progress towards quality education using real time data collection Give background on education quality Explain the intervention (CFS) Explain the use of children feedback and technology to monitor compliance with the standards Ultimately will be used to assess contribution to results (improved learning achievement etc.)
- Education light EMIS system: In partnership with the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, the Kenyan Primary School Head Teachers Association, and Echomobile.org (a Nairobi-based technology company), UNICEF Kenya has co-designed and co-developed the first-ever EMIS Light system to facilitate its monitoring, evaluation and communications plan for ensuring the delivery of basic quality education for all. In 2013, UNICEF Kenya piloted the existing system with 1000 schools and 7,000 participants across 10 counties to collect more than 600,000 pieces of information about quality education indicators inclusive of child-friendly schools. Apart from EMIS strengthening, the SMS based system also has the potential for Level II monitoring tool that can reach over 17,000 head teachers across Kenya with a click of a bottom. The tool is currently being explored one of the “no regret investment” tool on Ebola preparedness targeting schools and children across Kenya. It was also featured on the global Education Innovation mapping lead by NY HQ.
- Kenya Inter Agency Rapid Assessment (KIRA): KIRA is a partnership based rapid assessment mechanisms put in place to support humanitarian and Government actors with evidence based informed decision making on the immediate onset of a crisis. UNICEF with UNOCHA, Red Cross, Government of Kenya, RedR UK and ACAPS led the development of the tool in the run up to 2013 Elections. As of now, the tool has been used more than 18 times with over 700 people trained at national and subnational level. KIRA has been selected as the bottom up humanitarian innovation for Africa for the prestigious Oxford University Innovation Conference 2014 as well as for the World Humanitarian Summit East and South Africa consultations in October 2014. Inter-Agency website: http://www.humanitarianresponse.info/operations/kenya/kira ppt: http://goo.gl/gCQZtK
- Example 3: Map Kibera: Results for Adolescents; empowering adolescents to identify their needs Background on adolescents; Nairobi (insert the Nairobi infographic), UNICEF involvement