Summer training presentation  on Training at DDK, Mandi house Delhi-01

1. on
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Presented by
Sushil Mishra (05311502809)
ECE-I

2. Contents
• Introduction
• TV Studio
• Vision mixer
• Audio & video chain
• MSR
• Earth station
• OB VAN & DSNG
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3. Introduction
process of sending information to a
distant place is called Broadcasting.
• Means of Broadcasting in India:
1. Terrestrial
2. Satellite
3. Internet
• Both AIR & DD make use of both
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Terrestrial & satellite.

4. Introduction contd…
• Broadcasting started in India in the year
1923.
• AIR was formed in the year 1936.
• In 1947, AIR was covering 2.5% & about
11% of land & population respectively.
• 1st T.V Station was established in Delhi in
1959
• T.V was separated from AIR in 1976
• DD has 1500 Transmitters and 70
Production centers across the Country.
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5. TV studio
• A television
studio is an
installation in
which
television or
video produc
tions take
place.
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6. Components of TV studio
• Camera
• Lighting
• Microphones
• Vision mixer and Audio consoles
• MSR
• VTR
• Acoustics
• Post production and video effects
• Supporting services like AC, UPS
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7. Vision Mixer
• A vision mixer (also
called video switcher, video
mixer or production switcher)
is a device used to select
between several
different video sources and in
some cases mix video sources
together and add special effects.
• It has many input sources such
as cameras, VCR/ server,
Graphics/Character
Generators,etc.
• Out of these i/p, any source can
be taken as o/p.
• Sources can be changed as cut
to cut, dissolve, wipe and other
special effects. 7

8. Typical video chain
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9. Typical audio chain
Earth station
through
Optical Fiber
Analog to
AES
Converter
Audio
Sources Distributor
Console
STL Link
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10. MSR (Master switching Room)
• It is the heart of the
studio.
• Most of the switching
electronics is kept e.g.
camera base
stations, switcher main
frame, SPG, Satellite
receivers, MW link, DDA
& most of the patch
panels.
• Signal is routed through
MSR.
• Signal can be Monitored
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at various stages

11. Earth station
• Earth Station is a very important
part of satellite communication
system for broadcasting of signals.
• It is an uplink center from which
the signals are fed to Satellite for
distribution in a specified area
covered by the Satellite.
• The signal is up-linked from the
Earth Station and received by
many down link centers in TV
broad casting via PDA.
• Two Types:
1) Analog
2) Digital
• Digital Earth Stations are widely 11
used because of various
advantages over analog.

12. Major Components of
Digital Earth Station
• PDA (Parabolic Dish Antenna)
• FEED
• Wave Guide / Low Loss Cable
• HPA (TWTA, Klystrons)
• Up converter
• Modulator
• Encoder
• Multiplexer
• IRD (Integrated Receiver
Decoder)
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13. • Outside broadcasting (OB) is the
OB Van electronic field production (EFP) of
television or radio programmes (typically
to cover television news and sports
television events) from a mobile remote
broadcast television studio.
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14. Block diagram of OB Van
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15. OB Van
• A typical OB Van is usually divided into 4 parts.
• The first and largest part is the production area or
sitting area for all directors & producers.
• The second part of a van is for the audio engineer.
• The 3rd part of the van is video tape
• The 4th part is transmission where the signal is
monitored by and engineered for quality control
purposes and is transmitted or sent to other trucks.
If there is a live program to be telecast following options can be
choosed.
 Microwave link
 DSNG (digital satellite news gathering)
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16. Microwave link
 Audio and video signals are feed to micowave transmitter.
 Input video is processed and up converted to 12.25 & 12.30 GHz.
 Approx transmission power is 600 milli watts 16
 Transmit/ receive station is 1.1 m in diameter.

17. DSNG
• Audio/ video input is processed by
an encoder as per mpeg-2 standard.
• The audio and video along with
other data are multiplied.
• Multiplied data forward error
corrected using a standard
technique.
• Error corrected codes are QPSK
modulated at 70 MHz.
• The modulated signal is up
converted to power amplifiers.
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18. Thank you…
Any queries ?
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