2. Green Building???
Creating structures and using
processes that are:
environmentally responsible
resource-efficient
throughout a building’s life-
cycle from siting to design,
construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation and
deconstruction.
3. – Reduce carbon consumption,
– Energy independence,
– Preserve natural systems
– Improved building performance
– Increased revenue (higher rents/sales price,
improved productivity, fewer/shorter vacancies)
– Lower cost (utilities, costs of conversion)
Why Green???
5. Building Rating System
• There has been a growing movement towards sustainable
construction since the second half of the 1980s, leading to the
development of various methods for evaluating the
environmental performance of buildings.
6. 6
40% of CO2 are related to buildings in Japan
New construction
Residential bldgs 3.4%
Commercial bldgs 3.2%
Renovation
1.1%
0.9%
Operation
13.5%
18.0%
Construction Operation Renovation DemolitionMaterial
Production
Design
by T. Ikaga
1300Mt-CO2
in 2005
7. Introduction
• Rating system: CASBEE
• Established year: 2001
• Supported by: Japanese ministry of
Land, Infrastructure, Transport and
Tourism.
• Assesses the quality of a building
environmental awareness in
using building materials and
equipment that have
little environmental impact,
level of comfort of an interior or the views
25
30
35
40
45
120 E 125 130 135 140 145
Tokyo
Shang
hai
Osaka
Seoul
Pusan
Beijing
Shenyang
Vladivostok
Taipei
P´yongyang
Nagoya
Sapporo
Yuzhno Sakha
Fukuoka
8. Policies
• The system should be structured to award high assessments
to superior buildings, thereby enhancing incentives to
designers and others.
• The assessment system should be as simple as possible.
• The system should be applicable to buildings in a wide range
of building types.
• The system should take into consideration issues and
problems peculiar to Japan and Asia.
9. CASBEE assessment tools principles
[1] Comprehensive assessment throughout the life cycle of the building
[2] Assessment of the Built Environment Quality and Built Environment
Load
[3] Assessment based on the newly developed Built Environment
Efficiency (BEE) indicator
APPLICATION:
• CASBEE-Housing and CASBEE-Building are applied for individual houses and
buildings to assess their environmental performance.
• CASBEE-Urban Development is used to evaluate environmental performance of
urban blocks and town development.
• CASBEE-City evaluates environmental performance on a local government
scale.
• These are assessed based on BEE indicators by CASBEE.
CASBEE Assessment Tools
10. • CASBEE-Housing and CASBEE-Building are
applied for individual houses and
buildings to assess their environmental
performance.
• CASBEE-Urban Development is used to
evaluate environmental performance of
urban blocks and town
development.
12. Application Name
For Detached Houses
CASBEE for Detached Houses
(for New Construction, for Existing Building)
For Temporary Construction CASBEE for Temporary Construction
Brief versions
CASBEE for New Construction (Brief Version), for
Existing
Buildings (Brief version), for Renovation (Brief version)
CASBEE for Urban Development (Brief version)
Local government versions
CASBEE-Nagoya, CASBEE-Osaka, CASBEE-Yokohama
etc.
For Heat Island effect CASBEE for Heat Island
For Urban Development CASBEE for Urban Development
For Cities CASBEE for Cities
For Market Promotion CASBEE for Market Promotion
CASBEE for Specific Purposes
(April 2014)
13. Building Environmental Quality and Performance:
CASBEE major categories of criteria
Indoor
Environment
Quality
Thermal comfort
Acoustics
and
noise
Lighting
and
illumination
Air quality
Quality of
service
Functionality and
usability
amenities
Durability
and
reliability
flexibility
and
adaptability
Outdoor
environment
on site
preservation and creation of biotope
outdoor amenities townscape and landscape
14. Building Environmental loading:
Resources
and
materials
recycled materials
Water
conservation
materials
with low
health risks
sustainably harvested
timber
Energy
thermal load
efficiency
of systems
use of
natural
energy
efficient
operations
Off-site
environment
air pollution, noise and vibration
sunlight obstruction,
light pollution
heat island effect,
and local on local infrastructure
CASBEE major categories of criteria
15. Re-categorized
into
Q (Quality) and
L (Loadings)
to indicate
BEE =
Assessment Areas of CASBEE
Q1: Indoor environment
Q2: Quality of Services
Q3: Outdoor environment
on site
Numerator Areas
L1: Energy
L2: Resources and
materials
L3: Off-site environment
Denominator Areas
BEE
Evaluation
Assessment
Areas of
Q & L
Hypothetical Enclosed
Space for CASBEE
1. Energy efficiency
2. Resource efficiency
3. Local environment
4. Indoor environment
(ca. 80 sub-items in total)
Target Areas
16. Assessment Field % of the
overall
weight
Items related to L
% of the
overall
weight
Water Efficiency 50 Water Leakage Detection (3.6%)
water use during construction (1.8%)
Waste water management (7.2%)
Sanitary Used Pip (2.4%)
15
Materials and
Resources
10 Regionally procured materials (1.5%)
Materials fabricated on site (0.5%)
Use of readily renewable materials
(1.5%)
Use of salvaged materials (1.5%)
Use of recycled materials (2%)
Use of lightweight materials (0.5%)
Use of higher durability materials
(0.5%)
Use of prefabricated elements (1.5%)
Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis of
materials in the project
(0.5%)
0
Indoor Environmental
Quality 10 10
CASBEE ASSESSMENT PROCESS
17. Assessment Field
% of the
overall
weight
Items related to L
% of the
overall
weight
Sustainable Site.
Accessibility
and
Ecology
I5
Desert area development (1.5%)
Informal area redevelopment (1.5%)
Brownfield site redevelopment (1.5%)
Compatibility with National
Development Plan (1.5%)
Transport infrastructure connection
(1.5%)
Catering for remote sites (1.5%)
Alternative methods of transport
(1.5%)
Protection of habitat (1.5%)
Respect for sites of historic or cultural
interest (1.5%)
Minimizing Pollution during
construction (1.5%)
0
Energy Efficiency 25
Passive External Heat Gain loss
Reduction (3.5%)
Energy Efficient Appliances (1.5%)
Vertical Transportation Systems
(1.5%)
Peak Load Reduction (3%)
Renewable Energy Sources (5%)
Environmental Impact (2%)
Energy and Carbon Inventories (1%)
7.5
18. Assessment Field
% of the
overall
weight
Items related to L
% of the
overall
weight
Management 10 Providing Containers for site materials
waste (1%)
Control of emissions and pollutants
(1%)
waste recycling workers on site
(0.5%)
Providing Identified and separated
storage areas (1%)
Project Waste Management Plan
(0.5%)
Engaging a company specialized in
recycling (1%)
Protecting water sources from
pollution (1%)
Waste from mixing equipment (1%)
3
19. Assessment Field % of the
overall
weight
Items related to Q % of the overall
weight
Sustainable Site.
Accessibility and
Ecology
15
0
Energy Efficiency 25 Energy Efficiency Improvement
(5%)
Optimized balance of Energy and
Performance (2%)
Operation and Maintenance (0.5%)
7.5
Water Efficiency 30 Indoor Water Efficiency
Improvement (4.8%)
Outdoor Water Efficiency
Improvement (5.4%)
Efficiency of Water-based Cooling
(2.4%)
Water Feature Efficiency (2.4%)
15
Materials and Resources 10 0
Indoor Environmental
Quality
10 Optimized Ventilation (3.33%)
Controlling emissions from building
materials
(3.33%)
Controlling emissions from building
materials
(3.33%)
Thermal Comfort (1.3%)
Visual Comfort (1.3%)
Acoustic Comfort (0.67%)
10
20. Assessment Field % of the
overall
weight
Items related to Q % of the overall
weight
Management 10 Providing access for lorries, plant
and equipment
(0.5%)
Providing a Building User Guide
(1.5%)
Providing a Periodic Maintenance
Schedule (1%)
3
21. (Neighboring building) (Neighboring building)
Hypothetical Enclosed
Space
Site Boundary
Assessment category “L”
as negative impact
outside the boundary
Assessment category “Q”
as positive impact
inside the boundary
Emission of
Air-pollutants,
Noise, Heat
etc.
Resource
Consumption,
Embodied CO2
Emission, etc.
Soil, Water-pollutants etc.
What is ‘Hypothetical Boundary’?
22. BEE Representation
• Plot L on the x axis and Q on the y
axis.
• The BEE value assessment result is
expressed as the gradient of the
straight line passing through the
origin (0,0).
• The higher the Q value and the lower
the L value, the steeper the gradient
and the more sustainable the building
is.
• possible to graphically present the
results of built environment
assessments using areas bounded by
these gradients.
23. From Eco-efficiency to Built Environment
Efficiency (BEE)
• Eco-Efficiency - "Value of products and services per unit environmental load.”
• Efficiency - in terms of input and output quantities
• so a new model - expanded definition of Eco-Efficiency - as "(beneficial output) /
(input + non-beneficial output)."
• This new model of
environment efficiency
can be extended to
define Built
Environment Efficiency
(BEE), which CASBEE
uses as its assessment
indicator.
25. Rating system
Rating for
CASBEE
Ranks Assessment BEE value Expression
S Excellent BEE= 3.0 or more and Q=50 or more *****
A Very good BEE=1.5-3.0
BEE=3.0 or or more and Q is less than
50
****
B + Good BEE=1.0-1.5 ***
B Fairy Poor BEE=0.5-1.0 **
C Poor BEE=less than 0.5 *
26. CASBEE Different Than Other Rating System
- New concept for assessment (distinguishes environmental load from quality of
building performance)
- CASBEE results are presented as a measure of eco-efficiency or BEE.
- Accuracy of Data Inputting High ,Accuracy of Data Processing High ,Accuracy of
Data Outputting high
27. Comparison between various rating system
BREEAM LEED CASBEE GRIHA
Year of commence
1990 1998 2001 2007
Country of origin UK USA Japan India
Developed by Building Research
Establishment (BRE)
Ltd
U.S Green Building
Council (USGBC)
Japan Sustainable
Building Consortium
(JSBC)
MNRE
Geographical focus Global Global Global but specially
in japan
Local, India and
nearby area
Characteristics Two process of
assessment.
1.Design stage
2.Post construction
A voluntary tool
constitute of 5
sustainability
areas.
Industrial
standard
certification
process
Primarily on
environment
concern.
Having 3 stages of
development
Designed for
building’s
environmental
performance in
context to Indian
atmospheric
condition
28. Building
type
Offices, retails,
industry units,
courts, educations,
healthcare, prison
Healthcare
facilities, schools,
homes, entire
neighbourhoods.
Residential and
non-residential
type of building
Commercial,resid
ential and
Institutional
Assessment
criteria for
green
building tool
1.Management
2.Health and
Wellbeing
3.Energy
4.Water
5.Material
6.Trasport
7.Waste
8.Landuse and
Ecology
9.Pollution
1.Sustainable site
2.Water efficiency
3.Energy and
atmosphere
4.Materials and
resources
5.Indoor
environmental
quality credits
6.Innovation in
Design
7.Regional Priority
Built environment
quality
1.Indoor
environment
2.Quality of
service
3.Outdoor
environment on
site
Built load
1.Energy
2.Resources and
material
3.Off-site
environment
1.Sustainable Site
2.Water
Management
Energy
optimization
4.Sustainable
building materials
5.Waste
Management
6.Health and
wellbeing
7.Building
operation
and maintenance
8.Innovation
Comparison between various rating system
29. BREEAM LEED CASBEE GRIHA
Certification cost $1290 each stage $1,250-$17500 $3570-$4500 <5000sq.m.
-3,14,000 Rs
>5000sq.m.
-3,14,000 Rs + 3.75
per sq.m. above 5000
sq.m.
Results
Representation
Pass, Good, Very
Good, Excellent
Certified (40%), Silver
(50%), Gold (60 %),
Platinum (80%)
"spider web"
diagram, histograms
and BEE graph
50-60 is 1 star
61-70 is a 2 star
71-80 is a 3 star
81-90 is a 4 star
91-100 is a 5 star
Result Product Certificate Award letter,
certificate and plaque
Certificate and
website published
results
Certificate
Comparison between various rating system
30.
31. Disadvantages
• Meticulous record keeping is required
• The main disadvantage of the certification process is that they
are expensive.
• Sometimes the availability of materials may cause problem.
• Takes time for the certification.
32. Certification & Accreditation
1. CASBEE Assessment Certification:
provided by IBEC
2. CASBEE Assessor Accreditation:
associated with the education system
also provided by IBEC
IBEC: Institute for Built Environment & Energy Conservation
35. CASE STUDY-OBAYASHI TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE MAIN BUILDING
[CASBEE rank] S (5 STAR)
[CASBEE tool used] CASBEE for New
Construction (2008 edition)
[Location] Kiyose City, Tokyo
[Completion date] September, 2010
[Site area] 69,401m
2
[Total floor area] 5,535m
2
[Structure] Steel construction
(seismically isolated
structure (Super-Active base
isolation system))
[Owner] Obayashi Corporation
[Designer] Obayashi Corporation
[Contractor] Obayashi Corporation
Project Outline
This building is a central workplace for Obayashi
Corporation.
With an aim to create an environmentally-
friendly workplace, the building adopted a
complex passive.
The systems allowed for 55 percent
reduction in CO2 emissions during
operation, the highest level in Japan.
Awards
Adopted as the 2nd Model Project for Promoting CO2 Reduction in Housing and Building in 2009
by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
38. ECOLOGICAL ROOF SYSTEM
Solar panels installed on the entire of the slanted roof generate power.
A system that diffracts skylight with less fluctuation on a reflecting surface
eliminates the need of lighting during daytime.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
39. PERI-BUFFER SYSTEM
This peri-buffer zone is intended to control impact of air-conditioning loads on
the inside working zone, and consists of aisles, meeting space and lounges that are located
around the working area and adjacent to an outdoor deck.
A thermal buffer
zone established
around windows
reduces air-
conditioning
loads.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
40. Displacement Natural ventilation system
This helps control
adverse effects of
increase in outside
air temperature
caused by sunlight
reflected by exterior
pavement materials
When outside air meets the predetermined conditions, an air-conditioner is stopped
automatically.
The air is discharged from high side lights on the upper of the building.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
41. SENSIBLE/LATENT HEAT SEPARATED PERSONAL RADIANT AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM (O-TASC)
Personal air-conditioning by using radiative-convective task panels.
A desiccant air-conditioner treats latent heat
of the outside air properly, and brings it into the
zones through blower outlets on the floor.
Task panels treat sensible heat
generated from human.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
42. LIGHTING/AIR-CONDITIONING CONTROL SYSTEM USING IC TAGS
IC tags that are used for security control detects if individual staffs are at their seats and in the
office, and task lighting and air-conditioning systems are controlled to be turned on/off.
Detailed switch control
depending on the required
time and location allows for
eliminating unnecessary
energy use.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
43. HYBRID HEAT PUMP SYSTEM OF GEOTHERMAL AND WELL-WATER HEAT
•well water is used as heat source for the heat pump to improve the efficiency in
heat source operation.
•A heat source system that utilizes stable geothermal power throughout the year.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
44. VISUALIZATION SYSTEM
•The visualization system displays the effects of environmental measures on the monitor
for occupants by utilizing the energy data obtained from BEMS.
• It calculates and displays energy usage and its reduction in terms of CO2 emissions by
items on a real time basis.
Source: Japanese Sustainable Building database
