Our trees
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Study about three trees tipycal of Galicia (Spain)
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Our trees
- Oak or common oak Quercus robur L. O u Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Miller r Trees Camelia Camellia japonica L.
- Oak or common oak Quercus robur L. Distribution: All of Europe from Ireland to the Caucasus and North to Scandinavia. Height: 35 m Shape: Broadly spreading Deciduous species Pollinization: Wind
- Oak or common oak Quercus robur L.
- Oak or common oak Quercus robur L. Leave and fruits Bark
- Oak or common oak Quercus robur L. Colours in Autumn
- HISTORY • This species appears in Galician ecosystems when it reaches the ecological balance. Due to this, it was very Oak or common oak common in Galicia. Quercus robur L. • Oak wood was widely used in ship building in the 16th,17th and mainly in the 18th centuries. Later it was used to make sleepers for the railways. Due to this, the number of specimens decreased and oaks disappeared in many places. • Acorns were a great source of carbohydrates before chestnuts were introduced by the Romans. • Oak wood was very appreciated to make beams and furniture. Nowadays it is sought to make barrels to mature wines and whiskies.
- INTERESTING FACT Building a medium- sized vessel requiered 4000 m3 of wood, 3000 m3 of which were oak Oak or common oak wood. Quercus robur L. This amount is equivalent to 1500 big oak trees, around 50 hectares of oak forest more than 150 years old. According to the system used to select the trees –they had to have certain features- this number could be ten times higher. José María de Juán- García Aguado Naval Engineer, PhD
- Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Miller Distribution: Southern Europe, North Africa and south-west Asia. Height: 30 m Shape: Broadly columnar Deciduous Pollinated: Insect Size of the tree without leaves
- Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Miller Old specimens
- Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Miller Leaf Male flowers Bark
- Fruit Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut . The seed or chestnut was used in ancient times as food. Nowadays it is also used that way.
- Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut HISTORY It comes from the Eastern Mediterranean area, from where it spreaded to be grown due to its many uses. It became acclimatized to Galicia very easily and was one of the most important trees in our region due to its good wood and also food too. Nowadays the number of specimens has diminished due to it not being cultivated any more, the felling and several fungal diseases.
- Chestnut forest where we can see “curripa” constructions, Castanea sativa Miller stone circular Sweet chestnut estructures where the chestnut cupules were dried in order to get the chestnuts out of them more easily.
- COOKED CHESTNUTS WITH MILK Castanea sativa Miller Ingredients Sweet chestnut •Dry or raw chestnuts •Milk •A cinnamon stick •Lemon zest Procedure Cook all In our region chestnuts are eaten in Autumm, ingredientes when they are ripe, and mainly around two together until catholic holidays: the Day of the Dead chestnuts are (October 31st ) and All Saint’s Day (November tender. 1st ). The rest of the year they are eaten dry.
- Cooked in water, adding fennel to give them flavour Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut Fennel (foeniculum vulgare)
- Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut Several ways to prepare canned chestnuts
- Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut Such as: •Canned chestnuts au naturel •Marrons-glacés •Chestnut puree
- Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut Chestnut tree wood was very appreciated in construction
- Castanea sativa Miller Sweet chestnut Also for making furniture and other instruments
- Camelia Camellia japonica L. Countries of origin: China and Japón Height: 5-8 m Evergreen species
- Camelia Camellia japonica L. Fruit Leave Flower
- Camellia japonica L. History This tree was introduced from Eastern Asia in the 18th century and it is grown for Camelia ornamental purposes all over Spain. It became acclimatized to Galicia so well that now it is one of the most important species. It can be found in many parks and gardens in all its varieties, their main difference being their flowers. :
- Camellia japonica L. Camelia It looks good both as a single specimen or forming hedges
- It is also Camellia japonica L. used in rows as Camelia decoration for some streets. Dolores Street, Ferrol
- Camellia japonica L. Camelia A variety of camelia flowers decorated with leaves of other species
- Camelia Camellia japonica L.
- Camelia Camellia japonica L.
- Camelias exhibitions are held in many villages and towns of Galicia all over the year. Camellia japonica L. Camelia
- Activity We suggest working with these three trees in all the countries involved. The students could find out if there are specimens of every specie in their country. If so, they could study and compare their botanical characteristics, history and uses against the Spanish specimens. With the results they could complete a project like the one we show on the right or other similar ones. If not, they could find out the reason why they don’t grow in their countries (incompatible climate, topography, etc).