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Customer
development
Introduction to
M.J. D’Elia U of Guelph CIL 2015
Intro
Agenda
‣ Fair warning
‣ The Five Ws
‣ Framework
‣ Get started
‣ Final thoughts
objectives
‣ Outline the customer development framework
‣ Apply customer development to libraries
‣ Introduce steps to get started
fair warning
troublesome
terminology
aheaD
Customer
development
we don’t like this word
this word has too many meanings
the five ws
1. what
‣ Four-step framework
‣ From idea through execution
‣ Process for testing your assumptions
‣ Focus is on validating your learning with facts
2. where
‣ Studies of serial entrepreneurs (Stanford)
‣ Popular in the tech industry (Silicon Valley)
3. Who
3. Who
4. why
‣ Identify a market for your product/service
‣ Build the right product features
‣ Solve a customer need
‣ Test methods for acquiring new customers
‣ Deploy resources to scale the business
5. when
‣ Build a tangible product/service
‣ Try to solve a problem in a unique way
‣ Challenge dominant assumptions
‣ Incorporate feedback from potential customers
Example
‣ Virtual Learning Commons
‣ Need to build something
‣ Need to figure out our unique offer
‣ Need shift our organization’s thinking
‣ Need to understand student perspective
framework
framework stages
customer
discovery
customer
validation
company
creation
company
building
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
remember
troublesome
terminology
customer discovery
customer
discovery
problem-
solution fit
proposed
mvp
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Objective
Find a product solves a problem for an
identified group of users.
1
customer discovery
customer
discovery
problem-
solution fit
proposed
mvp
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Activities
-Talk to potential customers
-Understand the problem
-Propose solutions
-Test assumptions
-Build prototypes
1
customer discovery
customer
discovery
problem-
solution fit
proposed
mvp
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Minimum Viable Product
-Functioning prototype
-Attempt to make the idea tangible
-Just the features to reach the market
-Aimed at early adopters
1
customer validation
customer
validation
product-
market fit
biz model
sales map
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Objective
Identify a market that is large enough to
build a viable business.
2
customer validation
customer
validation
product-
market fit
biz model
sales map
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Activities
-Find customers who will pay
-Map your biz model
-Clarify market opportunity
-Test customer acquisition strategy
2
company creation
company
creation
scale
execution
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Objective
Find repeatable sales and start
expanding the business.
3
company creation
company
creation
scale
execution
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Activities
-Sell your product
-Hire people
-Find resources and investment
3
company building
company
building
scale
organization
scale
operations
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Objective
Grow company and establish
operational processes to support
expansion.
4
company building
company
building
scale
organization
scale
operations
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
Activities
-Provide resources
-Divide labor into functions
-Build organizational structure
-Expand operations
4
framework overview
customer
discovery
customer
validation
company
creation
company
building
problem-
solution fit
proposed
mvp
product-
market fit
biz model
sales map
scale
execution
scale
organization
scale
operations
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
framework overview
customer
discovery
customer
validation
company
creation
company
building
problem-
solution fit
proposed
mvp
product-
market fit
biz model
sales map
scale
execution
scale
organization
scale
operations
Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
pivot
what is a Pivot?
“...a structured course correction designed to test a
new fundamental hypothesis about the product,
strategy, and engine of growth.”
~ Eric Ries, The Lean Startup
change based on learning
“A pivot requires that we keep one foot rooted in
what we’ve learned so far, while making a
fundamental change in strategy in order to seek
even greater validated learning.”
~ Eric Ries, The Lean Startup
get started
EXAMPLE
‣ Virtual Learning Commons
‣ Need to build something
‣ Need to figure out our unique offer
‣ Need a unique take on e-learning
‣ Need to understand student perspective
step one
‣ Articulate your customer-problem-solution
‣ Establishes your core hypotheses
step one VLC
‣ Articulate your customer-problem-solution
‣ Customer = students
‣ Problem = accessible learning support
‣ Solution = online platform
step two
‣ Design your business model
‣ Clarify why people will use your product
‣ State the value proposition
step two VLC
‣ Design your business model
‣ Relationship: Self-serve
‣ Value: Accessible; Improve productivity
‣ Resources: Engaging content; infrastructure
‣ Activities: Building content
Campus
units

Library teams

Faculty
building

content
accessible,
relevant

help
self-serve
web

social media
students
Value-driven (but cost conscious)

Staff, technology, acquisition
More users

More repeat users
infrastructure

media skills
improved
performance

(grades)
step three
‣ Talk to everyone about your idea
‣ Get feedback from everyone
‣ Look for experts
step three VLC
‣ Talk to everyone about your idea
‣ Library staff, campus units, family friends, etc.
‣ Found experts (e.g. corporate learning)
step four
‣ Interview prospective customers
‣ Try to understand the root problems
‣ Look for early adopters
step four VLC
‣ Interview prospective customers
‣ Student interviews
‣ Student card sorts
step five
‣ Compile data and evaluate feedback
‣ Adjust your hypotheses based on data
‣ Test new hypotheses
‣ Validate learning
step five VLC
‣ Compile data and evaluate feedback
‣ Identified top ten student pains and gains
‣ Refine strategy
step six
‣ Build an MVP and launch
‣ Make a product that people can use
‣ Minimal feature set
step six VLC
‣ Build an MVP and launch
‣ Find some spare server space
‣ Adopt an existing web template
‣ Experiment with content creation
step seven
‣ Compile data and evaluate behaviour
‣ Monitor what customers do
‣ Adjust MVP based on data
‣ Iterate: Build-measure-learn
step seven VLC
‣ Compile data and evaluate behaviour
‣ Measure web visits
‣ Track behavior
‣ Refine prototype
final thoughts
in short
Customer development is a process designed to
help you “make better decisions based on tested
hypotheses, rather than untested assumptions.”
~ Cooper & Vlaskovits, 2010
scientific method
‣ Observe and describe phenomenon
‣ Formulate hypothesis to explain
‣ Predict results of new observations
‣ Measure prediction using tests
‣ Formulate new hypothesis
thank
you
M.J. D’Elia
mdelia@uoguelph.ca
@mjdelia
References
Blank, S. & Dorf, B. (2012). The Startup Owner’s Manual. Pescadero, CA: K&S Ranch.
Cooper, B. & Vlaskovits, P. (2010). The Entrepreneur’s Guide to Customer Development. Newport Beach,
CA: Cooper-Vlaskovits
Osterwalder, A. & Pigneur, Y. (2010). Business model generation. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Ries, E. (2011). The Lean Startup. New York: Crown Business.

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Intro to Customer Development (for Libraries)