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「防潮堤の合意形成を本気で目指すなら」(松浦正浩)@「あなたはどう思う?マンモス防潮堤:みんなの想いをカタチにする対話フォーラムin仙台」(2014年5月24日)
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「防潮堤の合意形成を本気で目指すなら」(松浦正浩)@「あなたはどう思う?マンモス防潮堤:みんなの想いをカタチにする対話フォーラムin仙台」(2014年5月24日)
1.
防潮堤の 合意形成を 本気で 目指すなら 東京大学公共政策大学院 特任准教授 松浦正浩, Ph.D.
2.
2 ヒント1.立場から利害へ まずは「思い」に 耳を傾けよう (Fisher and Ury
1981)
3.
3 どっちが よい計画か? 14.7m x m こっちの案が 正しい! 対案は受け入れら れない! こっちの案が 正しい! 対案は受け入れら れない!
4.
4 なぜこの案を 推すのか? 14.7m x m 自然環境を持続し たい!漁業を続け たい!いい景観を 残したい! 津波から人命を守り たい! 津波の被害を 減らしたい!
5.
5 自然環境を持続し たい!漁業を続け たい!いい景観を 残したい! 津波から人命を守り たい! 津波の被害を 減らしたい!
6.
6 自然環境を維持し たい!漁業を続け たい!いい景観を 残したい! 津波から人命を守り たい! 津波の被害を 減らしたい! 確かに そう だよね ・・・
7.
7 背後にある「思い」に まずは耳を傾けよう 次に、みんなの 「思い」を実現する 「カタチ」を考えよう
8.
8 ヒント2.ガバナンスの転換 多様な「思い」を 冷静かつ効率的に 話せる「場」を つくろう (Susskind and Cruikshank
1988)
9.
9 官僚主導型ガバナンス Decide|決定 Defend|防衛 Announce|告知 DAD model|おとうさんモデル 技術的専門性を有する官僚が・・・ (Urban Land
Institute, 1994)
10.
10 思いがひとつなら官僚主導でもうまくいく (可能性がある)
11.
11 Yes! No! No! No! No! No! 100% 多様な思いには官僚主導は対応できない!
12.
12 No! No! No! No! No! 意見を聴く市民参加はもっとうまくいかない! No! No! 10% 10% 10% 10% 15% 15% 30% (ソロモンの罠, Carpenter and
Kennedy 1988)
13.
13 解決策は協働・熟議型のガバナンスのみ! (まとめ・司会・ タイムキーパー役) 共有する ファシリテーター 「思い」を 問題解決 に責任もって 関わる 事業者
14.
14 淀川水系流域委員会 (国土交通省近畿地方整備局) 吉野川流域住民の意見を聴く会 (国土交通省吉野川事務所・NPO法人コモンズ) 東京外環道PI地域課題検討会 (国土交通省 関東地方整備局 東京外かく環状国道事務所) エネルギー・環境の選択肢に関する 討論型世論調査 (国家戦略室) 事例:
15.
15 ヒント3.共同事実確認 まずは 「専門家」に 頼らない!
16.
16 14.7m
17.
17 14.7m x m
18.
18 14.7m x m
19.
19 14.7m x m
20.
20 14.7m x m
21.
21 「専門家」をコキ使おう! 1. 「思い」を 共有 2.専門家が 「カタチ」を 検討 注 文 提 案 共同事実確認(Joint Fact-Finding)方式
22.
22 これまでの話、 腑に落ちませんか?
23.
23 合意形成の前提条件 としての市民運動・ 政治運動・住民投票
24.
24 防潮堤の合意形成を 本気で目指すなら (まずは「対抗」が必要かも しれないけれど・・・) 行政 地域 早めの転換を 地域の多様な「思い」を 紡いでみては?
25.
25 計画を数年でつくっても 事業で50年苦労するかも You've Got to
Go Slow to Go Fast Susskind (1987)
26.
26 http://mmatsuura.com/ matsuura@pp.u-tokyo.ac.jp
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